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Bacterial xylanase supplementation improves nutrient utilization, gut integrity, and microbial metabolism in broilers fed energy-reduced diets
(2026-04-01)
Phusathian, Benjaphorn
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Pongmanee, Koonphol
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Theapparat, Yongyuth
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Saikhwan, Nanthawath
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Trairatapiwan, Tassanee
This study evaluated the effects of bacterial xylanase supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, intestinal integrity, and microbial metabolic function in broilers fed energy-reduced diets. A total of 1,050 one-day-old male Ross 308 broiler chicks were randomly assigned to three dietary treatments, each comprising 14 replicates of 25 birds: a positive control (CON; standard corn–soybean meal diet), a negative control with reduced energy (NC; −85 kcal/kg), and an energy-reduced diet supplemented with bacterial xylanase (NCX; 100 g/ton Belfeed Xylanase™). During the starter phase, broilers fed the NC diet exhibited higher feed intake and FCR compared with those fed the CON and NCX diets (P < 0.05), with no significant difference between the CON and NCX diets. Apparent digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, and fat did not differ among dietary treatments (P > 0.05). However, broilers fed the NCX diet showed higher (P < 0.05) digestibility of crude fiber, NDF, and ADF than those fed the CON or NC diets. Apparent metabolizable energy was higher in broilers fed the CON and NCX diets compared with the NC diet. Furthermore, broilers receiving the CON and NCX diets exhibited significantly lower serum fluorescein isothiocyanate–dextran concentrations than those fed the NC diet, indicating improved intestinal barrier integrity. Bacterial xylanase supplementation increased microbial alpha diversity and altered beta diversity clustering, with enrichment of beneficial taxa such as Bifidobacteriaceae and Lactobacillaceae. Functional metagenomic prediction suggested greater representation of carbohydrate metabolism and energy production pathways in the NCX diet, whereas the NC diet was associated with enrichment of stress-related and xenobiotic degradation pathways. Overall, bacterial xylanase supplementation mitigated the adverse effects of dietary energy reduction by improving fiber utilization, maintaining gut integrity, and modulating the cecal microbiota toward a more favorable metabolic profile.
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Insight into the nutritional, physicochemical, functional, antioxidative properties and in vitro gastrointestinal digestibility of selected Thai rice: Comparative and multivariate studies
(2024-01-01)
Van Ngo, Tai
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Kunyanee, Kannika
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Luangsakul, Naphatrapi
Nutritional, physicochemical, functional, antioxidative and digestion properties of brown and white rice flours from four Thai rice varieties (Luangpatue, upland rice, RD43, and Hommali) were investigated and compared. Due to differences in grain color, the color parameters of flours varied significantly. Protein, fat, ash, carbohydrate, and moisture content, total dietary fiber, and calories of these rice flours were 6.94–10.21%, 1.68–3.16%. 0.554–1.442%, 71.20–79.68%, 9.79–10.53%, 1.07–3.64%, and 350.82–362.73 kcal/100g, respectively. RD43 brown rice (18.4%) and Luangpatue white rice (26.5%) respectively exhibited the lowest and highest amylose content. Luangpatue rice flours also showed higher swelling power, setback value, final viscosity, and thermal properties than other varieties. The variations in hydration properties and oil absorption index were noticeable among these rice flours. In addition, the highest level of total phenolic content and antioxidant activity led to the lowest estimated glycemic index (eGI = 62.92) found in upland brown rice. It was confirmed by the multivariate analysis results. This study reported the diverse physicochemical properties and composition-property relationships of two kinds of flours from four rice varieties collected from Thailand for the first time. It exhibited possible capabilities for the development of various rice-based products that promote health based on their characteristics on industrial scale.
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Evaluation of Nutrient Digestibility and Metabolizable Energy of Yeast-Fermented Acacia mangium Leaf by Japanese Quails
(2023-01-01)
Lerdsuwan, Saichon
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Pisuttharachai, Duangjai
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Nalinanon, Warrapong
The nutrient digestibility and the metabolizable energy (AME) of Acacia mangium leaf (AM) and yeast-fermented AM (YFAM) by Japanese quails were investigated. Fifty-four of 4-weeks-old Japanese quails were divided into 3 groups with six replications of three quails. Each quail was randomly fed with an experimental diet composed of dextrose (protein-free diet for determining endogenous excretion) 40 % AM and 40% YFAM. The quails were raised individually in a metabolic cage, where feed and water were provided ad-libitum. Both feed intake and feces weight were recorded. Experimental diets and excreta were sampled and subjected to proximate analysis for gross energy. The results of nutrient composition indicated that the fermentation AM with yeast highly significantly increased (P<0.01) dry matter (DM), ash, and nitrogen-free extractives (NFE) content but decreased (P<0.01) crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), and gross energy (GE) content. In addition, the birds fed dietary YFAM compared with AM showed significantly increased (P≤0.01) DM, organic matter (OM), CP, and GE digestibility but decreased (P≤0.01) EE and CF digestibility. The protein utilization of birds fed dietary YFAM showed significantly greater (P≤0.01) FI, protein retained, protein intake, net protein utilization (NPU), and AME than those fed dietary AM. In conclusion, the fermentation of AMLM with yeast improved nutrient composition and enhanced the digestibility of nutrients, protein utilization, and AME of AMLM in Japanese quail.
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