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Start date: 2025Subject: search.filters.subject.Invasive species

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    Enhanced calcium solubility of bio-calcium powder from blackchin tilapia (Sarotherodon melanotheron) bone: Influence of alkaline pretreatment conditions
    (2026-07-01)
    Senphan, Theeraphol
    ;
    Mungmueang, Natthapong
    ;
    Sazedul Hoque, Md
    ;
    Sriket, Chodsana
    ;
    Benjakul, Soottawat
    Bio-calcium powder was prepared from blackchin tilapia ( Sarotherodon melanotheron ) bones, an invasive species by-product from surimi production in Thailand, to evaluate the effects of alkaline pretreatment on bio-calcium properties. Bones were pretreated with NaOH or KOH (1 and 2 M) at a bone-to-solution ratio of 1:10 (w/v) for 2 h, followed by ethanol washing, hydrogen peroxide bleaching, drying, and grinding to obtain bio-calcium powder. The yield on a wet weight basis was 26–28%, with water activity values of 0.33–0.34 measured at room temperature. Among all treatments, 1 M KOH gave the highest yield (28%), calcium content (26.13%), and lightness (L∗ = 88.5). Collagenous proteins and hydroxyapatite were identified by SDS-PAGE and ATR-FTIR, respectively. All bio-calcium samples showed four to five times higher in vitro calcium solubility after simulated gastrointestinal digestion (13.4-17.50%) than calcium carbonate (3.4%). The 2 M treatments exhibited the highest calcium solubility (17.2-17.50%). The 1 M KOH can be used for food fortification due to its high yield and lightness, whereas the 2 M treatments can serve as calcium supplements where higher calcium solubility is required. Blackchin tilapia bone is a potential source for bio-calcium production, with 1 M KOH suitable for food fortification and 2 M treatments more appropriate for applications requiring higher calcium solubility.
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    Potential of marine litter for range expansion of the invasive mussel Mytella strigata (Hanley, 1843) along the Indian coast
    (2026-01-01)
    Gunasekaran, Kannan
    ;
    Mghili, Bilal
    ;
    Sompongchaiyakul, Penjai
    ;
    De-la-Torre, Gabrique Enrique
    ;
    Machendiranathan, Mayakrishnan
    Marine litter is a key vector of dispersing invasive species in the marine environment. However, our knowledge of the ecological interactions between these species and litter is still incomplete. Here, we investigated the substrate preferences and physical characteristics of marine litter colonized by the invasive mussel Mytella strigata, and explored the role of litter in the population expansion of this species along the Tamil Nadu coast, India. A total of 72 fouled debris were observed along the study areas. The majority of the fouling litter was composed of plastic (87.5 %), followed by rubber (4.2 %), wood (4.2 %), glass (2.8 %) and metal (1.4 %). A total of 2637 individuals of M. strigata were recorded on the marine litter, with recruitment on plastic substrates. Particularly, M. strigata were most common on large marine litter with irregular or cylindrical shapes, rough surfaces and transparent, blue or green colours. Our work provides evidence that marine litter can play a role in the reproduction of this invasive mussel. Consequently, M. strigata benefits from the litter substrates and the habitat complexity created by anthropogenic materials along the Tamil Nadu coast, enhancing its survival and reproduction. This could promote the expansion of the M. strigata population and thus affect the composition and structure of the marine ecosystem.
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    Optimization of salt washing protocols for surimi production from invasive blackchin tilapia (Sarotherodon melanotheron): Molecular and functional properties
    (2025-10-01)
    Senphan, Theeraphol
    ;
    Mungmueang, Natthapong
    ;
    Hoque, Md Sazedul
    ;
    Sriket, Chodsana
    ;
    Benjakul, Soottawat
    This study presents the first systematic molecular characterization and protein chemistry optimization for surimi processing from invasive blackchin tilapia (Sarotherodon melanotheron), introducing novel salt washing protocols. Ten treatments were evaluated including conventional washing, single/multiple salt washing (0.3–0.9 % NaCl), and pH-shifting methods. Molecular analyses (SDS-PAGE, ATR-FTIR and SEM) revealed myofibrillar protein preservation and distinct structural modifications. The optimized 0.6 % NaCl protocol achieved selective heme protein removal while preserving myofibrillar integrity, yielding superior gel chemistry (whiteness: 76.47 vs. 71.04) and highest sensory acceptance (7.33 vs. 6.40). pH-shifting enhanced protein recovery (68.59 %) but caused molecular aggregation and network disruption, reducing gel strength by 82 %. Molecular analysis demonstrated that salt washing selectively removes chromoproteins while preserving essential gel-forming proteins, whereas pH-shifting caused protein aggregation. SEM confirmed dense protein matrices in salt-washed samples versus fragmented networks in pH-treated surimi. This chemistry-guided approach transforms invasive species into functional protein ingredients.
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    Species-specific detection of environmental DNA by endpoint PCR using mismatch base introducing primer design and nested PCR
    (2025-04-01)
    Ishii, Ryosuke
    ;
    Poti, Teeranai
    ;
    Akimitsu, Kazuya
    ;
    Narumi-Kawasaki, Takako
    ;
    Yamada, Yoshihiro
    Environmental DNA (eDNA) has been used effectively for species identification in aquatic macrobiological surveys. To popularize this method, a cost-effective analysis method with high sensitivity is required. In this study, we developed an eDNA detection method that is as sensitive as conventional quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), which does not require expensive equipment, and with heightened sensitivity that was achieved through mismatch-introducing primer design and nested PCR. The subject of the experiment was Micropterus nigricans (largemouth bass). Standard PCR with mismatch-free primers detected amplicons not only in M. nigricans but also in M. dolomieu and Lateolabrax japonicus. However, the mismatched primers only amplified DNA from M. nigricans and did not show amplicons for the non-target species. Endpoint PCR was less sensitive than qPCR, but it was able to specifically detect the target species in environmental samples. A similar approach was applied to the bitterling fish species, a species to which many other closely related species are known, and Acheilognathus cyanostigma eDNA was specifically detected. This eDNA analysis method is cost-effective because it is comparable in sensitivity to conventional qPCR methods and does not require expensive equipment.