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Distribution of Wolbachia infection in butterflies (Lepidoptera): First systematic report from Thailand
(2023-01-01)
Boonsit, Panukorn
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Wiwatanaratanabutr, Itsanun
;
Ross, Perran A
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Grandjean, Frederic
;
Austin, Chris
Wolbachia is a genus of Rickettsia-like bacteria that infects a broad range of insect species throughout the world. It often influences host reproduction to facilitate its transmission to their offspring and spread through populations. The occurrence and ecology of Wolbachia has not been surveyed in detail in Thai butterflies. In this study, we conduct the first systematic survey of Wolbachia infection by sampling 623 specimens from 46 butterfly species from 5 families obtained from tropical forests in 3 geographic regions of Thailand. Wolbachia infections were detected using three PCR primer sets: 16S rRNA, ftsZ and wsp. The results showed evidence for widespread Wolbachia infection in Thai butterflies. The Wolbachia presence was confirmed in 291 individuals from 17 butterfly species of 2 families, comprising 86 individuals from the Central Region (32 males and 54 females), 72 individuals from the Northeast Region (25 males and 47 females), and 133 individuals from the West Region (46 males and 87 females). This report will be useful for understanding the distribution of Wolbachia in butterflies from Thailand.
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A multi-period linear programming model for the natural gas distribution network of Thailand
(2022-01-01)
Tuchinda, N.
;
Moryadee, S.
;
U-tapao, C.
;
Laokhongthavorn, L.
As a consequence of the impending gas shortages from sources in the Gulf of Thailand, the country will be obliged to switch to imports of LNG to achieve energy security. The gas system of Thailand is constructed as a mathematical model. In the simulation, the output shows that reserves gas of Thailand is insufficient to face the demand in 2015–2036, while the consumption of natural gas reserves continues at a rate that indicates that LNG imports will become the primary supply in the future to meet rising demand. The linear programming approach indicates patterns in the supply of gas which will see imports of LNG expanding at a rate lower than that predicted in the plan, thus undercutting the figures for the 2021 MMSCFD under the Gas Plan. The programming described in this study, however, may serve as the foundation for further examinations of Thailand’s situation regarding energy security.
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Infection density, diversity, and distribution of Wolbachia bacteria in moths (Order Lepidoptera): First systematic report from Thailand
(2021-08-01)
Boonsit, Panukorn
;
Wiwatanaratanabutr, Itsanun
Members of the genus Wolbachia are a group of Rickettsia-like, intracellular, maternally inherited bacterial endosymbionts that infect a diverse range of insects and cause reproductive changes in their hosts. Although Wolbachia's role in many insects has been extensively studied, only a little of their effects on host's reproduction and their infection frequencies were reported in Lepidopteran which is one of the most diverse insects. Here, we present the first systematic survey of the Wolbachia infection status in different species of moths from three different geographic regions of Thailand, which was carried out during January to December in 2019 with the screening of 1,235 specimens in total of 58 moth species from 13 families. Specimens were collected from Khao Yai National Park (the Central and the Northeast regions), and Kaeng Krachan National Park (the West region). Infections of Wolbachia were screened by using polymerase chain reaction with 16S rRNA, ftsZ and wsp gene primers which the results indicated high rates of Wolbachia infection in moth populations from Thailand. Wolbachia was found in all different geographically populations in total of 625 individuals in total of 28 moth species from 9 families, including 144 individuals (46 males and 98 females) from the Central, 156 individuals (49 males and 107 females) from the Northeast, and 325 individuals (114 males and 211 females) from the West. The highest infection rate was 90.47% in the West populations and the average infection rate was 61.90%. The detection of Wolbachia in different moth populations from all regions was identical when all primers were used to screen for Wolbachia. The relative densities of Wolbachia within each individual were determined using quantitative real-time PCR and the result showed that there was a low Wolbachia infection density in these moth populations. These findings indicated that Wolbachia are distributed throughout the moth populations from Thailand.
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Enhancing of artificial bee colony algorithm for virtual machine scheduling and load balancing problem in cloud computing
(2020-01-01)
Kruekaew, Boonhatai
;
Kimpan, Warangkhana
This paper proposes the combination of Swarm Intelligence algorithm of artificial bee colony with heuristic scheduling algorithm, called Heuristic Task Scheduling with Artificial Bee Colony (HABC). This algorithm is applied to improve virtual machines scheduling solution for cloud computing within homogeneous and heterogeneous environments. It was introduced to minimize makespan and balance the loads. The scheduling performance of the cloud computing system with HABC was compared to that supplemented with other swarm intelligence algorithms: Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) with standard heuristic algorithm, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) with standard heuristic algorithm and improved PSO (IPSO) with standard heuristic algorithm. In our experiments, CloudSim was used to simulate systems that used different supplementing algorithms for the purpose of comparing their makespan and load balancing capability. The experimental results can be concluded that virtual machine scheduling management with artificial bee colony algorithm and largest job first (HABC_LJF) outperformed those with ACO, PSO, and IPSO.
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Decision Support Model and Software for Consolidated Order Assignment to Delivery Trucks
(2017-11-15)
Leenawong, Chartchai
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Wattanawalun, Champ
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Wongsa, Kittipish
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Lethaisong, Karnkanok
In this research, a decision model for assisting in loading consolidated orders onto delivery trucks to distribute to scattered customers is constructed. Each truck can have more than one drop-off location. The case-study company based in Bangkok produces bubble wraps that can simply be stacked up on top of the companys small trucks. Most customer orders are less than truck-load. Thus, consolidating orders into full trucks according to customer locations is necessary to ensure minimum transportation and in-transit inventory carrying costs. 0-1 integer programming is used in the model construction. Also, a decision support system for dealing with this problem is developed for ease of use to logistics managers and planners.
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Distribution, diversity and density of wolbachial infections in cladocerans and copepods from Thailand
(2013-11-01)
Wiwatanaratanabutr, Itsanun
Species of the genus Wolbachia comprise a group of Rickettsia-like, maternally-inherited bacteria that cause several reproductive alterations in arthropod hosts. The best known are cytoplasmic incompatibility and feminization. Here, the first systematic surveys of wolbachial infections in cladocerans and copepods from six geographic regions of Thailand, including Northern, Northeastern, Western, Central, Eastern and Southern are reported. Using gene amplification assays with wsp and groE primers, wolbachiae were detected in 239 (4 spp.) of 1885 (57 spp.) copepods and cladocerans from all regions of Thailand surveyed. Screening results obtained with wsp primers or groE primers were similar in all cases. The presence of wolbachiae was only detected in copepods, not in cladocerans. Sex ratio analyses of the progeny of two species of copepods, Mesocyclops aspericornis and Mesocyclops thermocyclopoides, naturally or artificially infected with wolbachiae showed infection causes feminization (female-bias). The relative density if infection in naturally infected populations of three copepod species, M. thermocyclopoides, Heliodiaptomus elegans and Neodiaptomus blachei, were determined using real-time quantitative PCR assay based on the wsp gene. The density of wolbachiae in M. thermocyclopoides was significantly higher than in the other two species. These results suggest that wolbachial infections are distributed throughout Thailand, and that possibly the natural occurrence of these in copepods may be due to their predation on mosquito larvae. This apparent novel biology may have importance as a genetic drive system for control of vector borne diseases in the future. © 2013 Elsevier Inc.
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Geographic distribution of wolbachial infections in mosquitoes from Thailand
(2013-11-01)
Wiwatanaratanabutr, Itsanun
Members of the genus Wolbachia are inherited intracellular bacterial endosymbionts that infect a diverse range of arthropods. Here I report the results of a survey of these endosymbionts in different mosquito species from six geographic regions of Northern, Northeastern, Western, Central, Eastern and Southern Thailand. Using gene amplification assays with wsp and groE gene primers, wolbachiae were detected in 999 mosquitoes representing 28 species of 1622 specimens collected representing 74 species of wild-caught mosquitoes from all regions of Thailand. Results using wsp primers were similar to those using groE primers in all cases. Wolbachiae had not been reported previously from five of the species tested, namely, Aedes lineatopennis, Aedes vexans, Aedes vittatus, Culex pallidothorax and Culex whitmorei. Infections were found in all major disease vector genera except Anopheles. These results indicate that wolbachial infections are distributed throughout many mosquito species in Thailand. © 2013 Elsevier Inc.
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The phylogeny of selected Phylloporus species, inferred from NUC-LSU and ITS sequences, and descriptions of new species from the Old World
(2012-07-01)
Neves, Maria Alice
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Binder, Manfred
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Halling, Roy
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Hibbett, David
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Soytong, Kasem
The phylogeny of Phylloporus (Boletaceae) has not been well studied, and the taxonomic relationships of this genus have varied considerably among authors. The following study presents phylogenetic relationships of Phylloporus based on two nuclear ribosomal DNA regions, ITS and LSU. The ITS dataset includes 39 collections and the LSU dataset contains 50 collections of Phylloporus. A combined analysis of both genes did not resolve the deeper nodes in the phylogeny, but the results suggest that Phylloporus is monophyletic and a sister group of the Xerocomus subtomentosus group. The lamellate hymenophore configuration is a synapomorphy that distinguishes Phylloporus from the other genera in the family. The placement of a lamellate genus within Boletaceae suggests that hymenophore evolution is not well understood in the family. This is the first phylogeny of Phylloporus and includes 20 species from different geographic regions. Six taxa of Phylloporus from the Old World are here presented. Phylloporus cyanescens is a new combination for an Australasian taxon formerly named as a variety of P. bellus (Massee) Corner. Phylloporus pumilus is described from Indonesia, and 4 species are described from Thailand: P. castanopsidis, P. dimorphus, P. infuscatus, and P. rubiginosus. © The Mushroom Research Foundation 2012.
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Identification of fault location for simultaneous fault in distribution system using discrete wavelet transform
(2011-04-01)
Pothisarn, C.
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Jettanasen, C.
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Ngaopitakkul, A.
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Apisit, C.
Currently, the most effective technique for identifying fault location, based on a travelling wave, has been proposed in several research papers. However, the effects of simultaneous faults have been neglected. In order to overcome this problem, a new algorithm will be developed in order to predict fault location precisely. This paper presents a technique to detect fault locations, during simultaneous fault, in an underground distribution system using discrete wavelet transform (DWT). The DWT is used to detect the high frequency components. The time that the fault signal uses to reach the ends of the distribution line is considered, then, applied so that the distance of fault can be calculated. The result is found that the proposed algorithm gives satisfactory both in case of single fault and simultaneous fault. ICIC International © 2011.

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