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    Serviceability of cut slope and embankment under seasonal climate variations
    (2023-04-01)
    Apriyono, Arwan
    ;
    Yuliana
    ;
    Kamchoom, Viroon
    In the next 20 years, there will be an extensive investment in transport infrastructure. Although the cut and embankment slopes seem to have the same appearance, they have different responses to climate variations. Understanding their characteristics and performance is necessary to design a safer and more sustainable slope infrastructure. This paper provides a thorough examination of the seasonal performance of cut slopes and embankments. Furthermore, this study suggests an introduction to the impacts of climate change, amplifying seasonal shrinkage–swelling and progressive failure of slope construction under extreme drought and precipitation. Volumetric water content and pore water pressure fluctuations due to seasonal variation were analysed and compared from both the cut slope and the embankment. Moreover, stress path and slope deformation were also investigated in this study to understand the behaviour of the cut slope and the embankment. The results suggest that the cut slope retains more pore water pressure during the wet season due to its lower permeability than an embankment with respect to the construction history. However, pore water pressure and displacement in the cut slope tend to be increased due to the consolidation process after excavation, which requires more time to reach equilibrium. In addition, greater displacement in the cut slope can increase the possibility of delayed failure in the future.
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    Reconfirmation of Skempton-Bjerrum 2D to 3D settlement conversion using FEM of full scale embankments
    (2018-06-01)
    Chaiyaput, S.
    ;
    Bergado, D. T.
    The soil is a production of natural process, which is highly variable with very complex properties, and soil behavior can be difficult to calculate. Numerical Simulation can be applied to deal with the numerous aspects of complex geotechnical structures. The 3D FEM simulation model can present the conditions of the geotechnical project in details and assumptions, which are similar to actual situations, but the process of running the 3D FEM analysis takes longer computer time. Therefore, 2D FEM simulation model is proposed to reduce calculation time, but the prediction results are usually overestimated. Accordingly, this paper re-analyzed the 2D analysis to represent the performance of 3D analysis based on Skempton-Bjerrum method. The simulated 2D and 3D FEM settlement results had been carried out and compared with the measured data of two full scale embankments including the dissipation of the excess pore pressure. Consequently, it was confirmed that predicted result of 2D and 3D FEM numerical simulation agreed with the correction of Skempton-Bjerrum method that can be applied to predict the final settlements in 3D conditions.
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    Mitigations of flooding and soil erosions geo-disasters in Thailand and Laos due to climate change: From Mountains to Lowlands
    (2017-06-01)
    Bergado, D. T.
    ;
    Chaiyaput, S.
    ;
    Voottipruex, P.
    ;
    Hino, T.
    ;
    Chanmee, N.
    In 2011, Thailand has suffered from devastating flooding due to climate change. During this time, 2 typhoons from the Pacific area went straight across Vietnam to Northern Laos and Northern Thailand instead of the usual path to Taiwan and Japan. Subsequently, huge flooding damaged many infrastructures and overtopped flood protection dikes of many industrial estates and educational institutions in the Central Plain of Thailand such as at Hi-Tech Industrial Estate, Bang Pain Industrial Estate. Navanakom Industrial Estate and Asian Institute of Technology, to name a few. The same phenomenon also occurred in neighboring Laos PDR which caused unusually heavy rains and widespread river flooding. Consequently, riverbank erosions accompanied by slope failures occurred at Xedon River in Pakse, Southern Laos due to saturation caused by high water levels accompanied by high velocity flow of the flooded river. To evaluate the stability of these mitigation structures, finite element and limit equilibrium methods were utilized. PLAXIS 2D software was used to analyze the slope protection schemes at low and high water levels incorporating the various supporting and reinforcing materials. Moreover, the PLAXIS 2D software was also utilized to predict the vertical deformations of improved flood control dikes with increased embankment height at different cases of flood water levels. In addition, the SLIDE software was used to predict the factor of safety by using limit equilibrium method for the various riverbank erosion protection structures. Furthermore. RESSA software was utilized to evaluate the slope stability of the erosion protection structures with geosynthetic reinforcements of Xedon riverbank in Pakse combined with gabions and mattresses. Laos PDR is mountainous with high elevations.