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    Facile engineering of the 2D flaky structured bismuth yttrium oxide for the electrochemical detection of carbofuran in staple food samples
    (2025-12-01)
    Agalya, Mahalingam
    ;
    Meenakshi, Ganesh Abinaya
    ;
    Sakthinathan, Subramanian
    ;
    Nataraj, Nandini
    ;
    Chiu, Te Wei
    The detection of carbofuran (CBF), a highly toxic pesticide, is essential for safeguarding environmental and agricultural systems. In this study, bismuth yttrium oxide (BYO) was synthesized as a new sensor material and employed for the electrochemical monitoring of CBF. Comprehensive characterization using physicochemical analysis revealed a flaky, irregular plate-like morphology with a significant surface area and numerous active sites, contributing to its excellent electrocatalytic properties. Electrochemical techniques, including electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), were utilized to assess the material's performance. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy confirmed a low charge transfer resistance (R<inf>ct</inf>) of 37 Ω, signifying effective electron transfer at the electrode interface. The BYO-modified glassy carbon electrode (BYO/GCE) demonstrated an outstanding sensitivity of 8.9 μA μM<sup>−1</sup> cm<sup>−2</sup>, with a dynamic linear range of 0.09 to 1179.34 μM for CBF in 0.01 M phosphate-buffered solution with pH about 7.0. It achieved an impressive limit of detection (LOD) of 0.0048 μM (4.8 nM) and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.016 μM. The sensor's practical applicability was validated through the successful detection of CBF in spiked agricultural crop samples, underscoring its potential for real-world environmental and food safety monitoring. This work introduces BYO as a novel and highly effective material for electrochemical sensing, offering an innovative approach to pesticide detection in agricultural applications.
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    Annealed zno/al2o3 core-shell nanowire as a platform to capture rna in blood plasma
    (2021-07-01)
    Takahashi, Hiromi
    ;
    Yasui, Takao
    ;
    Klamchuen, Annop
    ;
    Khemasiri, Narathon
    ;
    Wuthikhun, Tuksadon
    RNA analytical platforms gained extensive attention recently for RNA-based molecular analysis. However, the major challenge for analyzing RNAs is their low concentration in blood plasma samples, hindering the use of RNAs for diagnostics. Platforms that can enrich RNAs are essential to enhance molecular detection. Here, we developed the annealed ZnO/Al<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> core-shell nanowire device as a platform to capture RNAs. We showed that the annealed ZnO/Al<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> core-shell nanowire could capture RNAs with high efficiency compared to that of other circulating nucleic acids, including genomic DNA (gDNA) and cell-free DNA (cfDNA). Moreover, the nanowire was considered to be biocompatible with blood plasma samples due to the crystalline structure of the Al<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> shell which serves as a protective layer to prevent nanowire degradation. Our developed device has the potential to be a platform for RNA-based extraction and detection.
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    Sodium polystyrene sulfonate template assisted hydrothermal synthesis of hydroxyapatite nanorods
    (2016-09-01)
    Chaopanich, Pakvipar
    ;
    Siriphannon, Punnama
    Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nHAp) have been synthesized by benign hydrothermal reaction from the aqueous mixture of Ca(NO<inf>3</inf>)<inf>2</inf>·4H<inf>2</inf>O and (NH<inf>4</inf>)<inf>2</inf>HPO<inf>4</inf> solutions in the presence of non-toxic sodium polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) template. The pH of starting precursors has been adjusted to 10.5 before hydrothermal treatment at 100°C for 1, 2 and 3 h. The added PSS template generates the largely negative surface of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) precursor, resulting in minimization of precursor agglomeration and promoting the hydrothermal growth of nHAp along preferential c-axis as rod-shaped crystals. The crystallite sizes along 002-plane of nHAp synthesized with and without PSS template are 47.1 and 29.5 nm, respectively. With longer hydrothermal treatment time, larger crystallite size of nHAp is obtained. In vitro cytotoxicity of the synthesized nHAp has been evaluated by MTT assay using African green monkey kidney fibroblast cells, in which the nHAp exhibits low cytotoxicity. Antibacterial activities of the synthesized nHAp against S.aureus and E.coli have been tested. Due to the presence of largely negative surface, the nHAp could inhibit only the grampositive S.aureus, creating a clear zone of about 9.5 mm.
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