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VISUALIZATION OF SOOT NANOSTRUCTURE FROM ETHANOL BLENDED BIODIESEL USING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY IMAGE ANALYSES
(2022-09-14)
Thin, Myat Hsu
;
Karin, P.
;
Srilomsak, M.
;
Po-Ngen, W.
;
Saisirirat, P.
Characteristics of particulate matter from ethanol-blended biodiesel on the diesel engine in terms of nanostructure were investigated through electron microscopy. Commercial B20 fuel (20% palm and 80% diesel) was used as the baseline fuel and ethanol was blended at 5% and 10% with B20 fuel. The agglomerated particle size was reduced by increasing the weight ratio of ethanol. The average diameter sizes of the single primary nanoparticles of B20, B20E5, and B20E10 are about 20-40 nm while inter-planar spacing is about 0.404 nm, 0.383 nm, and 0.352 nm, respectively. The total fringe lengths of B20, B20E5, and B20E10 are approximately 521 nm, 470 nm, and 262 nm measured from the areas of 20 nm x 20 nm of primary nanoparticles.
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The Linkages between Air Quality Management Related Research and Sustainable Development in Thailand
(2022-05-01)
Kanlayanatam, Rakjit
;
Kongsin, Ananya
;
Kittipongvises, Suthirat
Air pollution is considered one of the greatest environmental threats to human health in our era. This study aimed to evaluate the linkages between related research and studies on air quality management and the global sustainable development goals (SDGs) and to investigate strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) of air quality management strategies in Thailand. By employing the Scale Assessment Method, the results found that SDGs related to human well-being, cities, and climate change were associated with several studies with medium to high level of agreement and evidence. In accordance with SDG 3, many scholars have been performed to investigate the relationship between both long-term and short-term exposure of air pollution and human health. In SDG 11, many cities are increasing concerned about air pollution, especially the annual mean of particulate matter in cities. Regarding SDG 13, although there is no specific headline goal on air pollution and climate change, there are some research papers available on the development of combined climate change and air quality database in Thailand. In terms of SWOT analysis, availability of research database on multi-pollutant models and research prioritization on air pollution topics were identified as key strengths. Lack of integration of air pollution and cross-cutting issues were defined as major weakness. Impacts of COVID-19 on the research direction and budget allocation were categorized as threats in driving air quality management and research development. Multi-dimensional and inter-sectoral.
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Characterization of biodiesels and tire derived particulate matters in morphology and nanostructure
(2022-01-01)
Oh, Ban seok
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Karin, Preechar
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Srilomsak, Mek
;
Chonvasin, Kritin
;
Po-ngen, Watcharin
Particulate Matters (PM) are known to be dangerous to human health and the environment. Regulations have been set to limit PM levels from vehicles, including compression ignition engine vehicles. The effect of increasing biodiesel content in the fuels has been investigated with respect to the PM using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). PM from tire emissions were compared against diesel PM using SEM, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS), TEM, particle size analysis, x-ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman spectroscopy (RS). The SEM and TEM show that increasing the biodiesel content decreased the size of the PM agglomerate particles, primary particles, and fringes. The EDS, RS, and XRD show that Tire PM are mostly carbon with silicon, calcium, zinc, and other various trace elements. They also allow comparisons with diesel PM for the carbon nanostructure. The particle size analysis shows that Tire PM are generally larger than engine derived PM. The TEM showed that the nanostructure of the carbonaceous Tire PM was the same fringe structure as the engine derived PM. The Tire PM was successfully characterized using similar methods as engine derived soot. There is strong relationship between the increasing of biodiesel content and reduction of agglomerate size, primary particle size and average fringe length.
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CHARACTERIZATION OF PARTICULATE MATTERS EMITTED FROM BIOMASS COMBUSTION USING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY AND ENERGY DISPERSIVE X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY
(2020-01-01)
Mon Oo, H.
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Karin, P.
;
Masomtob, M.
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Saisirirat, P.
;
Chollacoop, N.
Particulate Matters (PMs) emitted from biomass combustion including open burning of biomass agricultural residues, and forest fires must be reduced to protect both human health and the environment. The physical characteristics of morphology, elemental composition and nanostructure of particulate matters generated from biomass combustion were successfully investigated by using electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to analyze the oxidation kinetics of particulate matters. Before biomass burning, it was found that about 65% of carbon fraction in biomass raw material while 95% of carbon fraction in soot and 84% in ash particles after burning. The average diameter size of single primary particles is approximately 36 nm. Nanostructure of the single primary particle of biomass soot is mainly composed of curve line carbon crystallites while metallic ash nanoparticle is composed of straight-line hatch patterns. The inter-planar spacing of fringes of biomass soot and ash crystallites is 0.36 nm and 0.28 nm, respectively. This article aims to study the different nanostructure of biomass forest leaves residual ash and soot such as agglomerated particles, primary particle's measurement using TEM image analysis.
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Impact of engine oil's additives on particulate matter's micro-and nanostructure using electron microscopy image analysis
(2019-01-01)
Koko, Phyozin
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Karin, Preechar
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Rungsritanapaisan, Sippakorn
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Tongsri, Ruangdaj
;
Hanamura, Katsunori
According to increasingly stringent emission regulations on particle emissions from automotive vehicles, a diesel engine must be equipped with diesel particulate filter (DPF) to trap the particulate matters (PMs) which can be harmful to human health. Morphology and chemical composition of particulate matters were successfully studied using electron microscopy and electron dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis. Microstructure of particulate matters derived from diesel blending lubricating oil were not significant different compared to diesel PM. Nanostructure of soot is a spherical shape composed of curve line crystallites and the particle sizes were in the range of 10 -60 nm while the metal oxide ash is composed of lattice fringes. Chemical composition analysis of EDS result showed that metallic additives from lubricating oil cannot be burned during combustion and might be transformed into metal oxide ash.
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Characterization of Biodiesel Particle Emission in Trapping and Regeneration Processes on Cordierite Diesel Particulate Filter
(2015-11-17)
Siricholathum, Komkla
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Karin, Preechar
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Charoenphonphanich, Chinda
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Hanamura, Katsunori
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Chollacoop, Nuwong
As well-known, the diesel engine has the highest thermal efficiency at the same load as compared with internal combustion engine but its disadvantage is particulate matter (PM) emitted to the atmosphere. The studies of this paper were divided into two parts. The first part studied the quantity of PM from the both diesel and biodiesel fuels at 80% load (2400 rpm) by the trapping process on diesel particulate filter (DPF) used in a partial flow dilution tunnel. The second part studied the regeneration process of PM under the flow rate of oxygen and nitrogen gas of 13.5 L/min with 10%, 15%, and 21% of oxygen gas. The result showed that amount of PM from biodiesel fuel was lower around two times than PM from diesel fuel. The duration in regeneration process of biodiesel's PM was shorter than diesel while increasing of oxygen percentage can reduce regeneration time.
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Nanostructure investigation of particle emission by using TEM image processing method
(2013-01-01)
Karin, Preechar
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Songsaengchan, Yutthana
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Laosuwan, Songtam
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Charoenphonphanich, Chinda
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Chollacoop, Nuwong
Particulate matters (PMs) must be removed from the exhaust gas emitted from engines to protect the environment and human health. The problem of particulate emissions from diesel engine can be reduced in many ways, for examples: development of modern engine, fuel additives, diesel particulate filter (DPF) and oxygenated fuel. This paper describes a part of an ongoing research project in PM reduction as emitted from combustion. The main part is study of PM nanostructure by using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The primary size distributions as well as PM structures were presented by TEM images. The average primary sizes of biodiesel and diesel fuels PMs are approximately 30-40 nm and 50-60 nm, respectively. The average carbon platelet sizes of both PMs are in the range of 0.1-7.0 nm. Moreover, approximately 830 carbon atoms per cubic nanometer of PMs also could be estimated and presented in the present report. The results of this research would be used as basic information for design and develop removing process of PM emitted from engine combustion which using in diesel and biodiesel fuels. © 2013 The Authors.

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