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    Sustainable Waste Management Improves the Quality of Industrial RDF Production and Benefits the Environments
    (2025-09-03)
    Sumethchotimetha, Rapepat
    ;
    Sompornpailin, Kanokporn
    Waste management significantly influences environmental conditions and living standards. This research examined raw material wastes derived from different waste managements: pre-treatment of municipal solid waste (MSW) and landfill solid waste (LSW) recovery, along with their potential effects on the quality of refuse-derived fuel (RDF), to determine an appropriate management system. Waste samples from the Eastern region of Thailand were gathered and categorized according to their source and quality. The two sample groups exhibited similarities in waste classification but differed in quantity of waste components. MSW displayed a slightly elevated average moisture and contaminant level relative to LSW. MSW had a larger fraction of soft plastics (58.78% w/w) compared to recycled landfill waste (36.55% w/w). Hard plastics represented a minor segment in both categories, yet their quantity in recycled landfill waste exceeded that in household waste by over onefold. Notably, LSW generally demonstrated superior quality compared to MSW. Both sources of solid waste were processed for RDF production in industrial operations. The RDF3 produced from the process represented 45-55% of the input raw material. The average heating value (HHV/GCV) of the RDF3 was ascertained to be 4786.90±144.10 kcal/kg. These RDF3 exhibited an average moisture content of 26.20±1.65%. The average chlorine content recorded throughout the experiment was 0.79±0.23%. Raw materials from both origins are essential for maintaining industrial production processes. RDF facility performance, when optimized, can contribute to landfill space minimization and environmental pollution mitigation. Effective management of raw materials and waste segregation provides a viable alternative fuel source for domestic industries.
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    Induction heating pyrolysis of landfilled plastic waste into valuable hydrocarbon fuels
    (2025-03-01)
    Phongsakun, Kittiphon
    ;
    Chaiyaraksa, Chompoonut
    ;
    Sricharoenchaikul, Viboon
    ;
    Kachapongkun, Pongsakorn
    ;
    Kaewpengkrow, Prangtip Rittichote
    This research investigated the pyrolysis process for plastic waste treatment using induction heating. The induction system involved a coil wrapped around insulated material to generate heat. The plastic waste was sourced from the Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF) sorting process from a 15-year-old landfill in the province of Nonthaburi, Thailand. The pyrolysis was performed at temperatures ranging from 400 to 600°C with a batch reactor. The highest yield of pyrolysis oil was 27.6% wt. at 600°C. Energy consumption for converting plastic waste into oil ranged between 9.50 and 13.36 kWh, with the highest consumption at 600 °C. The produced pyrolysis oil at 600°C achieved the highest HHV of 41.33 MJ/kg. The GC/MS analysis of the pyrolysis oil revealed an increase in aromatic and hydrocarbons (C5-C11 and C12-C20) with rising temperature. These carbon fractions are suitable replacements for heavy oil or diesel fuel, as low-oxygenated compounds, and hydrocarbon content in pyrolysis oil are desirable. The amount of char produced at 400°C was the highest, with a yield that ranged from 45.2% wt. to 67.0% wt. Moreover, the pyrolysis process has a significant advantage in lowering greenhouse gas emissions (0.21–0.25% vol.), which releases less CO2 than the combustion of plastic waste. The findings therefore suggest that pyrolysis oil, which is produced under optimum conditions, can be used as a substitute liquid fuel in the industrial sector, and is consistent with the circular economy's concepts, promoting sustainability and utilizing resource efficiency.
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    Solid waste management by RDF production from landfilled waste to renewable fuel of Nonthaburi
    (2023-09-01)
    Rahothan, Udorn
    ;
    Khemkhao, Maneerat
    ;
    Kaewpengkrow, Prangtip Rittichote
    A worldwide increase in waste production and energy demand as the world's population grows and consumes more resources: therefore, sustainable waste management strategies are important. The goal of this work is to research the guidelines for the appropriate RDF production and landfill waste management of the Nonthaburi province, Thailand. Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) produced from landfilled Waste (LW) in Nonthaburi was investigated the physicochemical. The following procedure has implemented for the production of LW to RDF of 25 tons/hr of LW; (i) the LW was placed in a pre-shredder, which was followed by a primary crusher; (ii) metals were removed from the waste stream using a magnetic separator; (iii) the LW was transferred using a conveyor belt to a dynamic disc screen, where recyclable waste was separated into smaller sizes less than 80 mm.; (iv) the waste passed through an air separator to reject high-density materials (soil and glass); (v) the undesired material were separated manually, and (vi) the desired material were baled. RDF composition consisted of 78.16-67.93% plastics, 2.29-4.34% rubber, 1.27% wood, 1.53-2.19 % textile, and other (soil-like material) 12.19-26.72%. The proximate and elemental analysis of RDF was determined according to the ASTM method. The moisture content was reduced, and the heating value increased to 18.08-29.41 MJ/kg. The results suggested high carbon and low nitrogen content suitable for energy conversion. The separation can effectively convert LW to RDF, which can be applied as an alternative fuel. Therefore, RDF can contribute to a more sustainable and circular economy.
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    An RDF-based distributed expert system
    (2009-09-04)
    Prapakorn, Napat
    ;
    Chittayasothorn, Suphamit
    An expert system or knowledge-based system comprises of a knowledge base and an inference engine in which their expertise knowledge is represented. The knowledge can be called upon when needed to solve a problem by the inference engine. In a large expert system, the knowledge base can be represented using frames. Hence they are called frame-based expert system or frame-based system. To avoid too many communication traffics during inferences, a distributed expert system, an expert system with an inference engine on its external knowledge base side is presented. It is an expert system which has an RDF external knowledge base for improved flexibility and mobility in knowledge sharing. This research presents a design and implementation of a Frame-based RDF expert system which has a RDF/XML database as its external knowledge base. The external knowledge base uses frame as its knowledge representation stored in RDF/XML format so that it can be placed on the WWW (World Wide Web) which is, ideally, accessible from anywhere. With this capability, an expert system will be enriched with flexibility and mobility in knowledge sharing.