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    Facile synthesis of the atomically dispersed hydrotalcite oxide supported copper catalysts for the selective hydrogenation of 5–hydroxymethylfurfural into 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan
    (2023-07-15)
    Kumar, Raju
    ;
    Lee, Hsin Hui
    ;
    Chen, En
    ;
    Du, Yuan Peng
    ;
    Lin, Chan Yi
    The selective hydrogenation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan (BHMF) using the atomically dispersed supported copper catalyst is investigated. The hydrotalcite oxide supported copper materials (Cu<inf>(x)</inf>HTO) are facilely prepared by coprecipitating metal precursors in a methanolic solution under a tuned pH. The surface characterization involving PXRD, TEM, H<inf>2</inf>/N<inf>2</inf>O-TPR, and XAS reveals unequivocal evidence for the presence of the atomically dispersed copper on HTO surface. XAS specifically indicates the formation of mononuclear copper species, and H<inf>2</inf>/N<inf>2</inf>O-TPR strongly supports the copper atoms of Cu<inf>(5)</inf>HTO are evenly distributed in 99% dispersion. Moreover, the reduced Cu<inf>(5)</inf>HTO (r-Cu<inf>(5)</inf>HTO) enables to completely hydrogenate HMF to BHMF under mild conditions, in comparison to the poor reactivity catalyzed by the hydrotalcite oxide supported copper nanoparticles (r-Cu<inf>(4)</inf>@HTO). The dramatic enhancement of HMF hydrogenation catalyzed by r-Cu<inf>(5)</inf>HTO can be attributed to the fine distribution of copper atoms which are situated homogeneously over HTO surface as well as chemically reactive for the carbonyl group.
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    Callus and hairy root induction of Melaleuca cajuputi Powell
    (2020-05-01)
    Prangthong, U.
    ;
    Montri, N.
    ;
    Saetiew, K.
    It is stated that the lowest percentage of contamination at 49.63% and highest percentage of survival at 37.95% after sterilized with 70% ethanol for 1 min and 1.8 % NaOCl for 30 min. The bud explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08 mg/l 2,4-Dinitrophenylhylhydrazine (2,4-D) combination with 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, and 0.08 mg/l Thidiazuron (TDZ) for callus induction. The results showed that the explants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 0.06 mg/l TDZ resulting to be suitable for callus induction with biggest size at 65.2x1. 22cm of width and length. Culturing buds on MS medium supplemented with 0.02 mg/l TDZ had the highest averaged shoot number. The roots were cultured in liquid MS medium supplemented with 0.04 mg/l TDZ, 0.04 mg/l 2.4-D gave the highest weight of hairy roots.
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    Photocatalytic properties and plastic degradation of TiO2 nanocomposite with synthetic-rutile from natural ore
    (2018-01-01)
    Mekprasart, Wanichaya
    ;
    Thongpradith, Titarat
    ;
    Pecharapa, Wisanu
    ;
    Ishihara, Keiichi N.
    Titanium dioxide (TiO<inf>2</inf>) is considered a main material in energy and environment fields. This work focused on the production of synthetic rutile-TiO<inf>2</inf> (LA) material from natural ore by milling-ultra sonic assisted in acid treatment. Modified-TiO<inf>2</inf> nanocomposite of synthetic rutile and anatase nanopowder was synthesized by high energy milling process. After milling process, the average sizes of samples were decreased at 30% as calculated from XRD peaks. The band gap value of samples analyzed by UV-Vis spectrometer showed that the decrease of the band gap in LA composite at 3.34 eV might be associated with the presence of rutile phase in anatase matrix relating to the highest photocatalytic activity under visible light illumination. Polyethylene plastic was supplemented with different LA nanocomposite loading by thermal attachment process. Photocatalyst property of LA nanocomposite was investigated photocatalytic activity under Xe lamp illumination and investigated by FTIR and XRD technique. The optimized content of LA nanocomposite was performed at 2 wt.% in PE film. FTIR patterns did not detect the difference of plastic degradation. However, the significant change in PE crystalline monitored by XRD technique confirmed the decrease of crystallite size by peak shifted position and size decreasing at 10% by photocatalyst effect.