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Subject: search.filters.subject.Biological activity

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    Characterization and exploration of biological properties of phycobiliproteins purified from Thai karstic cave cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. SW02
    (2023-09-01)
    Suphan, Sutthawan
    ;
    Limrujiwat, Kittakorn
    ;
    Kula, Kasinee
    ;
    Maneeruttanarungroj, Cherdsak
    ;
    Raksajit, Wuttinun
    Phycobiliproteins are colored water-soluble proteins found in cyanobacteria with potential applications in food and pharmaceuticals. Phycobiliproteins extracted from the Thai karstic cave cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. strain SW02 were purified, and their biological properties were characterized. Scale-up cultivation for 12 days revealed that maximum biomass and phycobiliproteins producing yield were 1.53 g/L and 31.92%, respectively. After purification, phycoerythrin was obtained as the principal component of phycobiliproteins, with a purity index up to 2.62, sufficient to be considered food and cosmetic grade. Native and SDS-PAGE analysis displayed that purified phycoerythrin and phycocyanin contained the αβ-subunits in hexamer form. Purified phycobiliproteins had a more stable structure and functionality in pH range 5.0–7.0, were resistant to strong oxidizers, and could withstand temperatures up to 60 °C. They also exhibited DPPH scavenging capabilities comparable to standard ascorbic acid. Pathogenic bacterial inhibition (MIC 250 μg/mL) and anticancer activity against the human HeLa cancer cell line (IC<inf>50</inf> 140 μg/mL) were also observed. With these prospective characteristics, phycobiliproteins obtained from Nostoc sp. SW02 have biotechnological value for biomedical research and also as a natural colorant for food and cosmetic applications.
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    Identification of phenolic compounds and evaluation of biological activities of methanolic extracts obtained from two varieties of longan (Dimocarpus longan) peels
    (2022-01-01)
    Chantarasaka, S.
    ;
    Chareonsap, P. P.
    ;
    Poeaim, S.
    Dimocarpus longan belongs to the Sapindaceae family, which are revealed as cryptic species. In Thailand, Dimocarpus longan spp. longan var. longan such as Edor is the most cultivated. Another Dimocarpus longan spp. longan var. obtusus (Dimocarpus obtusus), called Lum-Yai Thao, is found in Eastern Thailand. However, there is still little information on the biological activity of Thao. Hence, this research was designed to identify phenolic compounds and evaluate the biological activities of methanolic extracts obtained from peels of two longan varieties: Edor VS Thao. For the total phenolic compound, no significant differences were observed between Edor and Thao. For antioxidant activity using DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays, the analogs showed Edor had more activity than Thao. The disc diffusion test at 5 mg/disc showed that Edor peels extract effectively inhibited the growth of bacteria, but not Thao extracts which were strong against Propionibacterium acnes. However, both of them also did not have activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis.For anti-tyrosinase activity, both variety extracts had less effective anti-tyrosinase activity. In addition, anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by measuring nitric oxide (NO) generated from SNP and using LPSstimulated RAW 264.7 cells which showed excellent activity.In cytotoxicity using MTT assay, the results demonstrated that the methanolic extract of longan peel from Thao exhibited low cytotoxicity against both L929 and HaCaT. On the other hand, the extract from Edor exhibited cytotoxic activity. These results suggested that Thao peel extracts are different from Edor peel extract. Thao peel extracts showed excellent anti-inflammatory and little cytotoxic activity for L929 and HaCaT cell lines and antibacterial against P. acnes. Therefore, Thao peel extracts could be used in preparing products for antiinflammatory supplements and cosmetics.
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    Phenolic glucosides and chromane analogs from the insect fungus Conoideocrella krungchingensis BCC53666
    (2019-06-21)
    Sadorn, Karoon
    ;
    Saepua, Siriporn
    ;
    Boonyuen, Nattawut
    ;
    Komwijit, Somjit
    ;
    Rachtawee, Pranee
    Six new compounds, named conoideoglucosides A − C and conoideochromanes A − C, together with eight known compounds, including eutypinic acid, 2,2-dimethyl-2H-1-chromene-6-carboxylic acid, (−)-luteoskyrin, (−)-4a-oxyluteoskyrin, chrysophanol, islandicin, catenarin, and (22E)-5α,8α-epidioxyergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol were isolated from the insect fungus Conoideocrella krungchingensis BCC53666. (−)-Luteoskyrin exhibited a broad range of antimicrobial activity such as antimalarial (IC<inf>50</inf> 0.51 μg/mL), antitubercular (MIC 6.25 μg/mL), antibacterial (both Gram positive; MIC 0.39–1.56 μg/mL and Gram negative; MIC 3.13–12.50 μg/mL), and antifungal (against various plant pathogens; MIC 3.13–50.00 μg/mL)activities, while (−)-4a-oxyluteoskyrin and catenarin showed weaker antibacterial activity. Moreover, eutypinic acid, (−)-luteoskyrin, (−)-4a-oxyluteoskyrin, and catenarin showed cytotoxicity against NCI-H187 cells with IC<inf>50</inf> in a range of 0.16–17.99 μg/mL, while eutypinic acid and catenarin had no cytotoxicity against non-cancerous (Vero)cells at maximum tested concentration (50 μg/mL). The complete NMR spectral data and biological activity of the known (−)-4a-oxyluteoskyrin was also reported for the first time.