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Subject: search.filters.subject.Biomechanics

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    Biomechanical models of computerized prosthetic leg
    (2019-01-01)
    Yodpijit, Nantakrit
    ;
    Jongprasithporn, Manutchanok
    ;
    Maneewong, Penpetch
    ;
    Faksang, Nanthanit
    ;
    Sittiwanchai, Teppakorn
    Computer-controlled prosthetic devices are becoming more popular among people of all ages from all over the world suffer amputations. Only 5% of them in need have access to assistive products. This paper presents an analysis and an assessment of biomechanics of physiological gait and the construction of prosthetic leg. The normal gait patterns are performed to develop dynamic biomechanical models of the computerized prosthetic leg for productive simulation of a transfemoral amputee’s gait under different conditions. The purposes of the current research project are to provide and modify biomechanical models for a better understanding of amputee gait and make changes on prosthetic leg components for improving the ambulatory performance. Three-dimensional finite element analysis and Solidworks Simulation are used to investigate kinetic and kinematic characteristics of gait in patients with limb loss. Findings from the current study reveal that most people with lower limb amputations prefer computerized prosthetic leg to passive prosthetic leg.
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    Effects of lateral retinacular release on the lateral stability of the patella
    (2006-03-01)
    Christoforakis, J.
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    Bull, A. M.J.
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    Strachan, R. K.
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    Shymkiw, R.
    ;
    Senavongse, W.
    The objective of this cadaveric study was to evaluate quantitatively the effects of lateral retinacular release on the lateral stability of the patella. A materials testing machine was used to displace the patella of seven cadaveric specimens 10 mm laterally while measuring the required force, with 175 N quadriceps tension. The patella was connected via a ball-bearing patellar mounting 10 mm deep to the anterior surface to allow rotations. Patellar force-displacement behaviour was tested from 0° to 60° knee flexion. At 0°, 10° and 20° flexion the mean force required to displace the patella 10 mm laterally was reduced significantly due to lateral retinacular release, by 16-19%. The average force required to displace the patella was also reduced for larger flexion angles, although this was not statistically significant. These findings suggest that lateral retinacular release may not be appropriate in treatment of patellar lateral instability. © Springer-Verlag 2005.
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    Biomechanical study of patellofemoral joint instability
    (2005-12-12)
    Senavongse, Wongwit
    Patellofemoral joint instability is a complex clinical problem. It may be a consequence of pre-existing anatomical abnormality or trauma. The objectives of this study were to use experimental mechanics to measure patellar stability and to quantify the effects of pathological abnormalities on patellar stability in vitro. Eight fresh-frozen cadaver knees were studies. The patellar stability was measured using an Instron material testing machine. A total load of 175N was applied to the quadriceps muscles. Patellar force-displacement was tested at different knee flexion angles as the patella was cyclically displaced 10mm laterally and medially. Three pathological abnormalities were applied; VMO malfunction, flat lateral trochlea, and medial retinacular structure rupturing. For the first time, this study has shown comparative and quantitative influence of pathological abnormalities on patellar stability. It was found that a flat lateral trochlea has greater effect than the medial retinacular rupturing whereas the medial retinacular rupturing has greater effect than VMO malfunction on patellar lateral stability. These results are important for future investigations on the treatment of patellofemoral instability.