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Drying edible jellyfish (Lobonema smithii) using a parabolic greenhouse solar dryer
(2022-12-01)
Maisont, S.
;
Samutsri, W.
;
Sansomboon, A.
;
Limsuwan, P.
Thailand is one of Southeast Asia’s top exporters of salted edible jellyfish. Jellyfish products are generally exported in the form of semi-dried jellyfish. A recent survey on jellyfish distribution in coastal areas in the Gulf of Thailand and the Andaman Sea indicated that most edible jellyfish in the area belong to Lobonema smithii and Rhopilema hispidum. Drying is an alternative method to preserve food products. In this work, parabolic roof shape greenhouse solar drying of edible jellyfish (Lobonema smithii) was studied, and the quality of the dried jellyfish was assessed. The solar dryer system has a 300 kg loading capacity for jellyfish and the resulting dried and rehydrated jellyfish products are described. The moisture content of dried jellyfish decreased to 7.05-11.70% (wb) from 91-92% (wb) after drying for three days and the protein, fat, crude fibre, ash, and carbohydrate content of the dried jellyfish were 68.68%, 0.74%, 0.43%, 9.27%, and 4.67%, respectively. The moisture of the rehydrated jellyfish increased to 37.67-39.07% (wb) after soaking in distilled water for 5 hrs. In terms of colour, the rehydrated jellyfish products were found to be highly similar to salted jellyfish products.
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Preparation of activated carbon via acidic dehydration of durian husk for supercapacitor applications
(2020-08-01)
Ukkakimapan, Pundita
;
Sattayarut, Vichuda
;
Wanchaem, Thanthamrong
;
Yordsri, Visittapong
;
Phonyiem, Mayuree
In this study, the preparation of activated carbons (ACs) via acidic dehydration of durian husk (DH) for supercapacitor application was investigated. The DH was dehydrated using sulfuric acid and subsequently activated by using sodium hydroxide as chemical reagent at 720 °C to obtain activated carbon (hereinafter referred to as DA). Surpassing the commercial ACs and the ACs derived from the conventional carbonization and activation (hereinafter referred to as CA), the DA exhibited superior properties in high surface area (2578 m2/g) and total pore volume (1.27 cm3/g). Moreover, besides carbon and oxygen, the DA contained sulfur and nitrogen in the carbon network. The DA can act as a suitable material for supercapacitor electrode with the specific gravimetric and volumetric capacitances of 145 F/g and 70 F/cm3 in an organic electrolyte. The device also showed a promising performance with an energy density of 32 Wh/kg and a power density of 316 W/kg. These results demonstrate that the preparation of ACs via acidic dehydration of DH offers the advantages in terms of simplicity, low cost, and short-time processing to achieve heteroatom self-doped ACs with a high surface area for high-performance supercapacitors.
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Investigation of heat and moisture transport in bananas during microwave heating process
(2019-08-01)
Thuto, Wisara
;
Banjong, Kittichai
The numerical method was used to investigate heat and moisture transport during dehydration of bananas from microwave heating. COMSOL multi-physics software was employed to perform the simulation task. A banana is defined as a porous medium. It has constituents of water, vapor, air as the liquid phase and a solid porous matrix. The numerical results of this study were validated with experimental data. The profiles of moisture, vapor and pressure are discussed in this study. Moreover, the effects of the ripening stages of the banana are examined. A higher heat flux was observed from the beginning period along with the increasing time steps until 50 s. Heat generation decreased during 50 s to 60 s, coinciding with a small rise in temperature, but the temperature gradient remained constant. The temperature distribution of both unripe and ripe banana samples was non-uniform. At the center of the banana, the temperature increased rapidly and reached its highest temperature with the negative temperature gradient toward the boundary surface. More heat generation was observed around the center region of the banana. This was due to higher moisture in comparison with the boundary surface. Heat and moisture were transported from the center of the banana to its surface. The water convective flux peaked around 11 mm from the center. The vapor pressure peaked at the center for all cases. Less heat generation within unripe bananas was observed due to the lower moisture content.
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Direct conversion of glycerol to acrylic acid via integrated dehydration-oxidation bed system
(2012-01-31)
Witsuthammakul, Ayut
;
Sooknoi, Tawan
Acrylic acid can be successfully produced in a single reactor via subsequent oxidation of the glycerol-dehydrated products. Selective dehydration of glycerol to acrolein was studied at 275-400 °C over HZSM-5, HBeta, HMordenite and HY. The V-Mo oxides (15-70 mol%V) on silicic acid support (20-100 wt% mixed oxides loading) were then included as a second bed for subsequent oxidation of the dehydrated products. Over the acid zeolites, acrolein and acetol are mainly generated, together with acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, pyruvaldehyde and other oxygenates as secondary products. A complete conversion of glycerol with high selectivity to acrolein (up to 81 mol%) can be obtained when medium pore zeolites (HZSM-5) and low glycerol concentration (10-30 wt%) was used at 300 °C. A separated-sequential bed system provides high selectivity for acrylic acid with small amount of acetic acid and acetaldehyde (∼15 mol%). The catalyst with high V content promotes total oxidation of the dehydrated products to CO while that with highly dispersed V-Mo-O phases affords 98% selectivity to acrylic acid with 48% acrolein conversion. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.

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