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Enhancing Structural Stability and Drug Release Control in Xanthan Gum–Poly(vinyl alcohol) Hydrogel Films via Ferric Ion Crosslinking
(2026-05-01)
Monvisade, Pathavuth
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Napradit, Sasipa
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Sintoppun, Tanaporn
;
Yamaguchi, Masayuki
This study investigates the development and characterization of xanthan gum/poly(vinyl alcohol) (XP) hydrogel films crosslinked with ferric ions via a dipping method for controlled oral drug delivery. The effects of ferric ion crosslinking on the physicochemical and mechanical properties of the films were systematically evaluated through swelling behavior, gel content, thermal and mechanical analyses, cytotoxicity testing, and in vitro drug release profiling using para-acetylaminophenol as a model drug under simulated digestive conditions. Crosslinking with ferric ions significantly enhanced the structural integrity of the films by reducing water uptake and improving gel stability in both simulated gastric (SGF) and intestinal fluids (SIF). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) revealed restricted polymer chain mobility due to ionic interactions within the network. Mechanical testing showed increased tensile strength and Young’s modulus with higher crosslinking density. Cytotoxicity assays confirmed excellent biocompatibility, with high cell viability observed across all formulations. The films enabled controlled release of para-acetylaminophenol under simulated gastrointestinal conditions, with drug release kinetics suggesting a combination of diffusion-controlled and erosion-mediated mechanisms. These findings support the potential of Fe3+-crosslinked XP hydrogel films as stable and biocompatible carriers for sustained oral drug delivery.
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Dual covalent and ionic crosslinked xanthan gum–PVA hydrogel films for enhanced drug release performance
(2025-11-01)
Monvisade, Pathavuth
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Napradit, Sasipa
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Sintoppun, Tanaporn
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Yamaguchi, Masayuki
This study presents the development and characterization of dual crosslinked xanthan gum–polyvinyl alcohol (XP) hydrogel films for potential use in controlled drug delivery applications. Hydrogel films were synthesized using glutaraldehyde for covalent crosslinking and Cu2+ ions for ionic crosslinking, with varying polymer ratios and crosslinker concentrations. The swelling behavior and gel content were evaluated in both distilled water at 25 °C and simulated body fluid (SBF) at 37 °C, revealing that dual crosslinking significantly enhanced structural integrity and swelling resistance, with gel content reaching up to 98%. Thermal analysis using DSC and DMA confirmed increased glass transition temperatures, indicating reduced polymer chain mobility due to denser crosslinking networks. Mechanical tests showed that the films possessed high tensile strength (60–62 MPa), with stiffness increasing alongside Cu2+ concentration and xanthan content. Cytocompatibility was validated through MTT assays on Vero cells, with all formulations exceeding 80% viability, thus classified as non-cytotoxic according to ISO 10993-5:2009 guidelines. Drug release studies using para-acetylaminophenol demonstrated sustained release behavior, achieving 50% release over 6 h in SBF. Kinetic analysis revealed that the release followed zero-order kinetics (R² = 0.9986) and case-II transport (n = 1.0396), indicating that release was governed by matrix swelling and erosion. These findings highlight the potential of XP dual crosslinked hydrogels as effective and biocompatible platforms for sustained drug delivery, particularly in wound care applications.
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Assessment of the Utility of Chitosan in Drug Delivery of Sulfamethoxazole
(2024-01-01)
Soontorntepwarakul, Nussara
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Boonyarattanakalin, Kanokthip
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Srirussamee, Kasama
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Paul Gleeson, M.
The objective of this research was to develop chitosan (CS) nanoparticles (NP) and microfibres (MF) for oral delivery applications related to low solubility drugs. The ionic gelation method in conjunction with freeze-drying was used to produce crosslinked chitosan material. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) was used to characterize particle size and polydispersity index (PDI). Surface morphology was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The antibiotic drug sulfamethoxazole (SMO) was loaded onto the chitosan nano/micro material. The degree of loading, loading efficiency and the release kinetics were investigated using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and UV-visible spectrophotometry, respectively. We found that CS nanoparticles have the potential to improve the delivery properties of SMO due to their more rapid release compared to microfibres or traditional tablet formulations.
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In vitro drug release profiles of pH-sensitive hydroxyethylacryl chitosan/sodium alginate hydrogels using paracetamol as a soluble model drug
(2017-06-01)
Treenate, Pitchaya
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Monvisade, Pathavuth
The aim of this study is to investigate in vitro drug release profiles of pH-sensitive hydrogels composed of hydroxyethylacryl chitosan (HC) and sodium alginate (SA). The hydrogels were crosslinked by dipping method using different ionic crosslinkers (e.g., Ca2+, Zn2+ and Cu2+). The crosslinking reaction was confirmed by FT-IR. Swelling behavior and stability of the hydrogels in simulated digestive media were investigated. The result indicated that the combination between HC and SA could delay the degradation time of the hydrogels. Calcium crosslinking system showed higher stability than that of zinc or copper crosslinking system. In vitro drug release profiles were studied using paracetamol as a soluble model drug. The amount of paracetamol release in simulated gastric fluid (SGF) was relatively low (<20%). In simulated intestinal fluid (SIF), the burst release of paracetamol was depressed with increasing HC content and/or applying crosslinker. The HC75SA25 formulation demonstrated the linearity of drug release profile. Additionally, the amount of drug release from the 0.5 M calcium HC50SA50 hydrogel in SIF was lower than 20%. The comprehensive results of this study suggested their potential in the application of site-specific oral drug delivery in intestine and colon.
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Surfactant effect on the physicochemical characteristics of γ-oryanol-containing solid lipid nanoparticles
(2016-01-05)
Karn-orachai, Kullavadee
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Smith, Siwaporn Meejoo
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Saesoo, Somsak
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Treethong, Alongkot
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Puttipipatkhachorn, Satit
Surfactants employed in production of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) play a major role on physical stability of nanoparticles, and the extent of drug dissolution and permeability into cells. In this study, cationic (cetyl pyridinium chloride), anionic (sodium dodecyl sulfate) and non-ionic (Tween 80) surfactants, as well as its combinations, were employed to formulate compritol based SLNs using γ-oryzanol as a model drug. The physicochemical properties of drug-loaded SLNs are influenced by the surfactant composition systems. Surfactant blend systems gave SLNs with superior stability compared with single surfactant systems due to enhanced incorporation of the drug within the solid lipid matrix. This may be due to synergic effects arising from electrostatic repulsion of the surfactant charges (ionic), the steric hindrance of surfactant structure (non-ionic), and ion-pairing effects between cationic and anionic ones. The cytotoxicity results demonstrated that positively charged SLNs can be uptaken into cells to a high extent. Nevertheless, the mixed surfactant systems (cationic/non-ionic and cationic/anionic/non-ionic), have remarkable advantages providing SLNs with high cell internalization capability, however, low cytotoxicity. This systematic investigation may give an insight into the practical integration of multi-surfactant systems to achieve non-toxic and highly effective drug delivery systems.
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Drug targeting model of composite gold-tourmaline for cells enhancing applications
(2015-01-01)
Yupapin, Preecha P.
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Suwandee, Senee
The drug delivery and targeting method of gold tourmaline composite atoms generated by optical tweezers in a micro-optical device system is proposed. Gold atoms can be trapped and mixed into the tourmaline content, from which the composite gold tourmaline atoms can be formed using the optical tweezers, which can be delivered close to the desired target cells for cells healing and enhancing applications. In simulation, the optical tweezers are formed by whispering gallery (leaky) modes of light can be generated within a modified add-drop filter, which is known as a Panda ring resonator. It is a nonlinear micro optical device, from which the optical probes called optical tweezers can be generated and used for atom trapping, removing and transportation. In this paper, the optical tweezers are designed for gold tourmaline composite atom trapping, in which the trapped gold tourmaline atoms can be deposited (removed) on (from) the surface for cosmetics and cells enhancing treatment usages. The advantage of the proposed scheme is that the applied (removed) atoms to (from) the surface treatments by the designed trapping and storage device, where the device controlled switching is the key function. In application, the composite trapped gold-tourmaline atoms can be stored with the storage device. In addition, the removal trapped gold-tourmaline atoms can be removed from the treatment surface, from which the used gold atoms can be possible extracted and reused. The cells enhancing and healing applications using the tourmaline properties such as magnetic and far infrared are also plausible.
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Optical capsule for secure drug delivery
(2013-09-18)
Kulsirirat, K.
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Techitdheera, W.
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Yupapin, P. P.
A generation of optical capsules and tweezers array within a modified optical add-drop filter known as PANDA ring resonator with a new concept is proposed. By using dark and bright solitons, the orthogonal tweezers can be formed within the system and observed simultaneously at the output ports. Under the resonant condition, the optical capsules and tweezers generated by dark and bright soliton orthogonal pair where the dark-bright soliton array with different center wavelengths and propagation in to the modified add/drop filter that can be generated the optical capsule. In principle, the molecule/atom is trapped and capsule by the force generated by reverse different combinations of gradient fields and photons interaction within the PANDA ring. In application, the molecules/atoms can be secured by using the dark-bright soliton reverse different combinations (optical capsule). Whereas the dark-bright soliton can be capsule as the molecule/atom, which can be used to molecule/atom transportation increased. Simulation result obtained has shown that the amplified power 12 W of the dark-bright soliton array capsule and with wavelength center around 1.40 - 1.50 μm at drop port and throughput port can be achieved, respectively. © 2013 SPIE.
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Tunable and storage potential wells using microring resonator system for bio-cell trapping and delivery
(2011-08-08)
Suwanpayak, N.
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Songmuang, S.
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Jalil, M. A.
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Amiri, I. S.
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Naim, I.
In this work, we propose the technique that can be used to trap/delivery bio-cell by using the concept of dark solitons and potential well, in which the trapping force is formed by using the intense optical vortices generated within the series ring and the PANDA ring resonator, the microscopic bio-cell can be trapped and moved dynamically, in which the valley of the dark soliton is generated and controlled within the PANDA ring resonator by the control port signals. © 2011 American Institute of Physics.
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Nanoscopic volume trapping and transportation using a PANDA ring resonator for drug delivery
(2011-06-01)
Jalil, Muhammad Arif
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Tasakorn, Metha
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Suwanpayak, Nathaporn
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Ali, Jalil
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Yupapin, Preecha P.
A novel design of nanoscopic volume transmitter and receiver for drug delivery system using a PANDA ring resonator is proposed. By controlling some suitable parameters, the optical vortices (gradient optical fields/wells) can be generated and used to form the trapping tools in the same way as the optical tweezers. By using the intense optical vortices generated within the PANDA ring resonator, the nanoscopic volumes (drug) can be trapped and moved (transport) dynamically within the wavelength router or network. In principle, the trapping force is formed by the combination between the gradient field and scattering photons, which is reviewed. The advantage of the proposed system is that a transmitter and receiver can be formed within the same system (device), which is called a transceiver, which is available for nanoscopic volume (drug volume) trapping and transportation (delivery). © 2011 IEEE.
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Drug trapping and delivery using a PANDA ring resonator
(2011-05-02)
Suwanpayak, N.
;
Yupapin, P. P.
We propose a novel drug delivery system (DDS) by using a PANDA ring resonator to form and transmit and receive the microscopic volume by controlling some suitable ring parameters. The optical vortices (gradient optical field/well) can be generated and used to form the trapping tool in the same way as the optical tweezers. The microscopic volume (drug) can be trapped and moved (transported) dynamically within the wavelength router or network. In principle, the trapping force is formed by the combination between the gradient field and scattering photons, which has been reviewed. The advantage of the proposed system is that a transmitter and receiver can be formed within the same system, which is called transceiver, which is available for microscopic volume (drug volume) trapping and transportation (delivery).

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