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Carbon nanotube/manganese oxide thin film composites-based counter electrode for dye-sensitized solar cell
(2016-01-01)
Nathakreat, Ketama
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Wirat, Jarernboon
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Winadda, Wongwiriyapan
Manganese oxide thin film sandwiched between carbon nanotubes thin films-coated on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO/CNT/MnO<inf>x</inf>/CNT) was used as a counter electrode of dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) for performance improvement. The multi-layer electrodes were fabricated by sequential process comprising doctor-blade coating of CNT layer and the following electroplating coating of MnO<inf>x</inf> layer and subsequent doctor-blade coating of CNT layer once again. The multi-layered counter electrode of CNT/MnO<inf>x</inf>/CNT exhibited the improved conversion efficiency and a fill factor of 2.01±0.01% and a fill factor of 0.55±0.01, respectively, due to an increase in capacitance of the electrode. Electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS) show that the capacitance of multi-layered CNT/MnO<inf>x</inf>/CNT electrode increased from 22±3 μF to 41±2 μF comparing to that of a monolayer of CNT. Furthermore, EIS of FTO/CNT/MnO<inf>x</inf>/CNT-based DSSC shows the smallest radius of the semicircle with a charge transfer resistance of 42 ω, implying a quick redox reaction between counter electrode and electrolyte. The improved fill factor is likely due to the role of MnO<inf>x</inf> that increases the capacitance of electrode and reduces electron transfer rate from counter electron to electrolyte.
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Efficiency enhancement in dye-sensitized solar cell using TiO2 /ilmenite-derived nanofiber composite as working electrode
(2014-01-01)
Simpraditpan, Athapon
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Wirunmongkol, Thanakorn
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Pavasupree, Sorapong
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Pecharapa, Wisanu
TiO<inf>2</inf> nanocomposite films of calcined TiO<inf>2</inf> nanofibers and commercial-grade TiO<inf>2</inf> nanoparticles Degussa (P25) utilized as working electrode of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are prepared by a doctor blade method. TiO<inf>2</inf> nanofibers were synthesized from ilmenite mineral by hydrothermal process in combination with calcinations process. The prepared samples are characterized by XRD, XPS and TEM. The photoelectric conversion performance of the DSSC based on nanocomposite film electrode was compared to the device fabricated by pure P25 at the same film thickness. The result shows that as calcination temperature increases, the transformation of nanofibers to nanorods and nanoparticles were observed. The energy conversion efficiency ({eng}) of the device tends to with increasing calcined temperature. The greatest {eng} is 3.90% obtained from DSSC fabricated from nanocomposite film electrode of 5 wt.% nanofibers calcined at 800 °C for 2 h mixed with P25, indicating the significant enhancement in its performance by the incorporation of the nanofibers. This enhancement of DSSCs may correlate to high surface area, higher light scattering and light harvesting, low charge recombination and fast electron-transfer rate by nanofibers. © (2014) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.
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Modification of working electrode of dye-sensitized solar cell using TiO2 nanopraticles/TiO2 nanofibers/CNT composite
(2013-10-29)
Mekprasart, Wanichaya
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Jarernboon, Wirat
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Techitdheera, Wicharn
The working electrode of dye-sensitized solar cell was modified using composite material of TiO<inf>2</inf> particles/TiO<inf>2</inf> nanofibers/CNT by doctor blade method. Structural properties of pre-cursor materials and as-prepared working electrodes were well characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The efficiency and relevant parameters of solar cells with modified electrodes were measured. The optimized weight ratios of 1 wt.% TiO<inf>2</inf> nanofibers derived from leucoxene and 0.01 wt.% CNT exhibited the highest improvement of DSSC efficiency with solar efficiency of 1.11% and fill factor of 0.32. The increase of current density may be originated from easier electron transfer that occurred in the device with modified TiO<inf>2</inf> particles/TiO<inf>2</inf> nanofibers/CNT composite. © (2013) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.
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Chemically deposited polypyrrole-nanoparticle counter electrode for inorganic I -/I 3 - and organic T -/T 2 dye-sensitized solar cells
(2012-12-01)
Towannang, Madsakorn
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Pimanpang, Samuk
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Thiangkaew, Anongnad
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Rutphonsan, Phikun
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Maiaugree, Wasan
Pure polypyrrole (PPy) and composited PPy-nanoparticles (multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), nickel (Ni) or, titanium dioxide (TiO <inf>2</inf>)) films were coated on conductive glass by a chemical deposition method. They were used as dye-sensitized solar cell counter electrodes. The performance of pure PPy based dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) was ∼6.00% and ∼2.81% for I -/I <inf>3</inf> - and T -/T <inf>2</inf> electrolytes, respectively. The efficiencies increased after MWCNTs and Ni nanoparticle incorporation for both electrolytes, but decreased with TiO <inf>2</inf> addition. PPy-MWCNTs DSSCs delivered the highest efficiency; ∼7.20% and ∼3.19% for I -/I <inf>3</inf> - and T -/T <inf>2</inf> electrolytes, respectively. The improvement of the energy conversion efficiency after MWCNTs and Ni incorporation is attributed to an increase in the electrode surface area and/or a reduction of charge-transfer resistance at the electrolyte/counter electrode interface. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.
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Optimization of TiO 2 nanoparticle mixed PEDOT-PSS counter electrodes for high efficiency dye sensitized solar cell
(2012-09-01)
Maiaugree, Wasan
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Pimanpang, Samuk
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Towannang, Madsakorn
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Saekow, Saman
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Jarernboon, Wirat
Poly(3,4-Ethylendioxythiophene)-Poly(Styrene Sulfonate) (PEDOT-PSS) mixed with titanium dioxide (TiO <inf>2</inf>) nanoparticles was coated on conductive glass substrate by a doctor blading method and used as dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) counter electrodes. The energy conversion efficiency is significantly improved after TiO <inf>2</inf> nanoparticle incorporation. This improvement is attributed to an increase in counter electrode catalytic activity and a decrease in counter electrode charge transfer resistance. These phenomena were observed using Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS), respectively. The efficiency of polymer-TiO <inf>2</inf> based DSSCs varied with the ratio of small (∼ 25 nm) to large (∼ 100 nm) TiO <inf>2</inf> nanoparticles. The highest efficiency (∼ 8.49%) was obtained with a ratio of 30% large to 70% small (wt/wt) nanoparticles inTiO <inf>2</inf> electrodes. This efficiency is superior to that of Pt DSSC (∼ 7.50%). © 2011 Elsevier B.V.
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Influences of magnesium particles incorporated on electrophoretically multiwall carbon nanotube film on dye-sensitized solar cell performance
(2009-10-01)
Pimanpang, Samuk
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Maiaugree, Wasan
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Jarernboon, Wirat
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Maensiri, Santi
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Amornkitbamrung, Vittaya
Multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) films are prepared on a conductive substrate by electrophoretic deposition. The thickness of MWCNT films is found to increase with the carbon nanotube concentration and the deposition duration. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray measurements detect magnesium particles incorporated on the MWCNT films. The performance of dye-sensitized solar cell using the electrophoretically MWCNT films as a counter electrode shows a relationship dependent on the film thickness and the amount of magnesium loading. The increase in the magnesium loading on carbon films diminishes the solar cell efficiency. This is because magnesium particles cover the carbon nanotube surface reducing the nanotube catalytic sites and blocking electron transfer to tri-iodide (I<inf>3</inf>-) ions. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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