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    Unveiling the molecular architecture of Mpox: A new era in viral imaging
    (2026-01-01)
    Jutharee, Kanticha
    ;
    Yongyai, Jiraporn
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    Klankoet, Nawawan
    ;
    Wannigama, Dhammika Leshan
    ;
    Ngamwongsatit, Natharin
    The exceptional size and architectural complexity of the Mpox virus, a giant cytoplasmic DNA virus, has long challenged structural and mechanistic analysis. This gap in structural knowledge has unfortunately stalled the development of effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. However, a revolution in structural biology—fueled by the synergy of cryo-EM, cryo-ET, cryo-FIB milling, and AI-based prediction—now allows for the direct interrogation of intact virions and replication factories in near-native states. These techniques reveal that Mpox virus infection is orchestrated by structurally integrated machines rather than isolated components. Consequently, the future of Mpox virus biology depends on leveraging advanced imaging technologies, such as in situ single-particle approaches and visual proteomics. By mapping comprehensive template libraries into cellular reconstructions, these strategies can resolve the near-atomic details of heterogeneous viral assemblies within their cellular environment. This approach elucidates the "molecular sociology" of infection, bridging the gap between atomic structure and cellular context. By revealing regulatory interfaces and assembly logic hidden from purification-based methods, this framework reshapes our understanding of poxvirus biology and lays a precise foundation for architecturally targeted diagnostics and therapeutics.
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    A Study on Curing Temperature and Fracture Mechanism of Carbon and Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymers Using an Electron Microscopy
    (2021-06-01)
    Man, Tial Cuai
    ;
    Karin, Preechar
    ;
    Lin, Ye Htet
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    Larpsuriyakul, Patcharee
    ;
    Ohtake, Naoto
    The morphology and nanostructure of carbon and glass fiber are investigated by using XRD, SEM and TEM analysis. The composites are divided into three groups which consists of “without post-curing”, “post-cured at 80 °C for 6 hrs” and “post-cured at 120 °C for 3 hrs” to investigate curing temperature effect. The mechanical properties of composites are tested in the indentation, tensile, and flexural machine with ASTM standard. According to the results, the hardness of post-curing of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) and glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) are increased approximately three-times and 5 % compared to with and without post-curing process. The tensile strength of CFRP and GFRP are approximately 458 MPa and 385 MPa, while post-cured at 120 °C for the three-hour results are 490 MPa and 433 MPa respectively. In contrast, composites of treated fiber are not improved mechanical strength significantly for CFRP, while GFRP are slightly increased by 7 %. On the other hand, the flexural strength of treated carbon and glass fiber of composite are increased to 3 % and 15 % respectively. Higher temperature and treated fiber composites of carbon fiber are not significantly improved because high temperature curing and treated fiber created more porous to occur fracture internally.
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    Characterization of biodiesel and soot contamination on four-ball wear mechanisms using electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy
    (2020-10-15)
    Oungpakornkaew, Pitchaporn
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    Karin, Preechar
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    Tongsri, Ruangdaj
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    Hanamura, Katsunori
    Utilization of biodiesel as an alternative fuel has been increasing nowadays in term of quantity and ratio of bio-resource derived esters from B7 to B100. The tribological characteristic due to biodiesel application has been more interesting. Not only fuel dilution but also soot contamination in engine oil must be taken into account for the effect to the engine wear. This research employed carbon black as soot model and B7, B20 and B100 as contaminated fuel. Two blended grades of diesel engine oils (API CI-4 and CK4) were tested by a four-ball wear tester. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to investigate the wear characteristic. Three-dimensional images of wear scars and surface roughness were observed from confocal microscopy technique. The result shows that CK-4 has greater anti-wear performance and can maintain the lubricating performance when the oil is contaminated. For CI-4 cases, soot contamination causes increasing wear, but biodiesel fuel dilution shows wear reduction.
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    Effect of Soot Particle Size on Four Ball Metallic Wear Using Electron Microscopy Image Analysis
    (2020-06-01)
    Karin, Preechar
    ;
    Amornprapa, Warawut
    ;
    Watanawongskorn, Park
    ;
    Saenkhumvong, Eakkawut
    ;
    Charoenphonphanich, Chinda
    The impact of soot primary nanoparticles affecting metal wear was investigated. The commercial Carbon Black (CB) with different primary particle sizes were mixed with the engine oil for simulating soot contamination. The physical properties of carbon black including density and hardness were calculated using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) image analysis. The metallic wear test was evaluated by using a Four-ball wear tester. After the tests, the ball surfaces were inspected by utilizing High-Resolution Optical Microscope (OM), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis. Based on a Four-ball wear test, the 1 % by weight of carbon black contamination shows a bit higher average wear scar diameter (WSD), but the surface roughness is reduced. SEM micrograph of metallic wear scar for the engine oil without soot shows the area of grooves, plastic deformation and subsurface crack. On the other hand, when carbon black is added to the oil, it can be seen that there are many deep grooves along with the sliding direction. The relationship of calculated oil film thickness, primary nanoparticle size distribution, carbon atom density of soot and hardness is clearly explained metallic wear mechanisms.
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    A simple route to synthesize nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) nanoparticles using egg white
    (2007-05-01)
    Maensiri, Santi
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    Masingboon, Chivalrat
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    Boonchom, Banjong
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    Seraphin, Supapan
    NiFe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf> nanoparticles were synthesized by a simple and cost-effective method using Ni and Fe nitrates and freshly extracted egg white (ovalbumin) in an aqueous medium. The X-ray diffraction and selected-area electron diffraction results indicated that the synthesized nanoparticles have only the inverse spinel structure without the presence of any other phase impurities. Room temperature magnetization results showed a ferromagnetic behavior of the NiFe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf> nanoparticles, with saturation-specific magnetization values in the range of 26.4-42.5 emu/g at 10 kOe. © 2006 Acta Materialia Inc.