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Subject: search.filters.subject.Erosion

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    Increased erosion in biochar-amended soil: importance of integrating erosion control blankets and vegetation
    (2026-03-01)
    Hossain, Monir
    ;
    Jotisankasa, Apiniti
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    Aramrak, Surachet
    ;
    Kamchoom, Viroon
    ;
    Nishimura, Satoshi
    Although biochar is widely recognized for enhancing various soil properties, its impact on soil erosion resistance remains unclear and sometimes shows contradictory results. The main objective of this study is to quantify the effects of corn-cob biochar amendment, both with and without erosion control blankets (ECB), as well as the influence of biochar/compost incubation time on erosion resistance of a silty sand. The study also investigates the effects of biochar on Atterberg limits, shear strength, and thermal conductivity. As biochar content increases from 0 % to 20 %, the liquid limit (LL), plastic limit (PL), and shrinkage limit (SL) rise by 8 %–10 %, suggesting that biochar-amended soil (BAS) retains more water without losing strength. The addition of biochar has minimal impact on the shear strength of BAS at lower normal stresses (<45 kPa) but reduces its thermal conductivity by about 70 %. Submerged jet erosion tests show that biochar alone increases soil erosion in BAS. However, when combined with ECB and vegetation, erosion is significantly reduced (up to 39 %). Overall, this study underscores the importance of utilizing biochar in combination with ECB and such vegetation as ruzi grass to mitigate soil erosion in the silty sand.
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    Mitigations of flooding and soil erosions geo-disasters in Thailand and Laos due to climate change: From Mountains to Lowlands
    (2017-06-01)
    Bergado, D. T.
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    Chaiyaput, S.
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    Voottipruex, P.
    ;
    Hino, T.
    ;
    Chanmee, N.
    In 2011, Thailand has suffered from devastating flooding due to climate change. During this time, 2 typhoons from the Pacific area went straight across Vietnam to Northern Laos and Northern Thailand instead of the usual path to Taiwan and Japan. Subsequently, huge flooding damaged many infrastructures and overtopped flood protection dikes of many industrial estates and educational institutions in the Central Plain of Thailand such as at Hi-Tech Industrial Estate, Bang Pain Industrial Estate. Navanakom Industrial Estate and Asian Institute of Technology, to name a few. The same phenomenon also occurred in neighboring Laos PDR which caused unusually heavy rains and widespread river flooding. Consequently, riverbank erosions accompanied by slope failures occurred at Xedon River in Pakse, Southern Laos due to saturation caused by high water levels accompanied by high velocity flow of the flooded river. To evaluate the stability of these mitigation structures, finite element and limit equilibrium methods were utilized. PLAXIS 2D software was used to analyze the slope protection schemes at low and high water levels incorporating the various supporting and reinforcing materials. Moreover, the PLAXIS 2D software was also utilized to predict the vertical deformations of improved flood control dikes with increased embankment height at different cases of flood water levels. In addition, the SLIDE software was used to predict the factor of safety by using limit equilibrium method for the various riverbank erosion protection structures. Furthermore. RESSA software was utilized to evaluate the slope stability of the erosion protection structures with geosynthetic reinforcements of Xedon riverbank in Pakse combined with gabions and mattresses. Laos PDR is mountainous with high elevations.
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    Improvement of prediction methods of coastal scour and erosion due to tsunami back-flow
    (2010-09-10)
    Ca, Vu Thanh
    ;
    Yamamoto, Yoshimichi
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    Charusrojthanadech, Nunthawath
    The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami caused large-scale erosion and scour on many coasts. If the coastal scour by the first tsunami wave caused the destruction of a dyke, the second tsunami wave may generate much more serious damage. Therefore, it is necessary to research on the improvement of prediction methods for erosion and scour by tsunami. This paper presents a numerical model for the above mentioned purpose. In the model, the sediment transport due to tsunami is simulated by using user-friendly prediction methods, and considering bed load and suspended load transport. Furthermore, prediction methods on the maximum scour depth and its position at the beach in front of a seawall are also proposed. © 2010 by The International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers (ISOPE).