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    Replacement of Fish Meal Protein with Giant Worm (Zophobas morio) and Black Cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus) in Diet of Cobia (Rachycentron canadum)
    (2022-01-01)
    Chainark, Pitchaya
    ;
    Prachom, Noratat
    ;
    Boonyoung, Suttisak
    ;
    Yuangsoi, Bundit
    Replacement of fish meal with alternative protein ingredients is becoming increasingly important in aquaculture diets. In the present study, giant worm (Zophobas morio) and black cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus) were used to replace fish meal in diets of cobia (Rachycentron canadum). Cobia fingerlings, with average initial weight 80.84±0.65 g, were fed for eight weeks with three diets: basal diet (100% fish meal as the main protein ingredient), 30 % replacement of fish meal with giant worm meal, and 30 % replacement with black cricket meal. The results showed that the apparent digestibility coefficients of dry matter (63.2-69.1 %) and crude protein (83.9-88.1 %) of cobia were not significantly different (p>0.05) among the three diets. No significant difference in growth was observed among treatments (p>0.05); the average final weight of the experimental fish ranged between 113.11±3.67 and 120.01± 2.89 g, and average specific growth rate ranged between 0.53±0.06 and 0.61±0.04 %. Similar results were revealed for feed conversion ratio (1.16±0.07-1.21±0.05) and survival rate (100 %), wherein no significant (p>0.05) differences were observed among treatments. Therefore, the present results clearly demonstrate that giant worm meal and black cricket meal can be used to replace fish meal in cobia diets, at least at 30 % replacement.
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    Co-culture with Chaetomorpha sp. enhanced growth performance and reduced feed conversion ratio of the giant tiger prawn, Penaeus monodon
    (2015-09-08)
    Tsutsui, Isao
    ;
    Songphatkaew, Jaruwan
    ;
    Meeanan, Chonlada
    ;
    Aue-Umneoy, Dusit
    ;
    Sukchai, Halethichanok
    The increase in global demand for fishery products has led to a fivefold increase in aquaculture production since 1990. Commercial feed is the highest production cost in intensive aquaculture, and residual commercial feed leads to eutrophication; hence it is important to find a low-cost alternative that has less environmental impact. We investigate the use of the filamentous green algae, Chaetomorpha sp., as a raw feed for giant tiger prawns. The giant tiger prawn, Penaeus monodon was grown in monoculture, and in co-culture with Chaetomorpha sp. to investigate the potential benefits of co-culturing. Five 20-day-old giant tiger prawn juveniles were released in 70-L monoculture and co-culture tanks, and the specific growth rate (SGR) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were measured after 10 weeks. The final mean body weight of co-cultured prawns was approximately 50 % heavier than that of monocultured prawns. The SGR in co-culture tanks was 4.79 ± 0.08 % day<sup>−1</sup>, which was higher than that in monoculture tanks (4.14 ± 0.27 % day<sup>−1</sup>). The FCR was 38.9 % lower in co-culture than in monoculture tanks. The protein content of Chaetomorpha sp. obtained from proximate analysis was almost the same or a little lower than other filamentous green seaweeds; however, the Chaetomorpha sp. has higher fiber and gross energy. These results show that Chaetomorpha sp. has potential for reducing feed costs in prawn intensive aquaculture through co-culturing.