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Occurrence of microplastics in Russell’s snapper (Lutjanus russellii) and associated prey species in the Central Gulf of Thailand
(2025-02-01)
Klangnurak, Wanlada
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Prachumwong, Siriluk
;
Alfonso, María Belén
;
Nakano, Haruka
;
Chavanich, Suchana
Microplastic (MP) contamination in fish may occur via their feeding behavior and ingestion of contaminated prey. This study investigated the presence of MPs in the predator Lutjanus russellii (Russell’s snapper) and its prey along the Chumphon coast of the Central Gulf of Thailand. Stomach contents of L. russellii were analyzed to identify its prey species. Prey species were then sampled from the same geographical area as the predator specimens for subsequent MP analysis. The dietary habits of L. russellii classify it as a generalist carnivore, consuming a diverse range of food items, including zooplankton, crustaceans, and small fish. No significant correlation was observed between MP abundance and the weight or length of the predator fish (general linear model, p > 0.05). Black and red fibers were the predominant MP types in both predator and prey, though MP sizes varied among the sampled species. In predator stomachs, the most common polymers were acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS; 26.32%), polyethylene terephthalate (PET; 21.05%), and polyester (PES; 10.53%). Conversely, prey samples were dominated by PES (17.58%), PET (15.38%), and ABS (13.19%). Notably, similarities in MP characteristics (shape, color, average size, and certain polymer types) were observed between L. russellii and Portunus sp. The detection of smaller PET fibers in L. russellii compared to Portunus sp. (Mann–Whitney U-test, p ≤ 0.05) suggests the transfer of MPs to L. russellii through the ingestion of hard-shelled crustacean prey. This study underscores the importance of examining predator–prey interactions to better understand MP contamination pathways in marine ecosystems, particularly in regions like the Gulf of Thailand, where plastic pollution is prevalent. Further research is required to assess the long-term ecological implications of MP transfer within marine food chains.
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Mascot effect: Analysing brand character influence on purchase intentions in Thailand’s food market
(2025-01-01)
Khalid, Bilal
Introduction. The aim of this research was to examine the influence of brand mascots on consumer purchase intentions in the Thai food sector. The study integrated the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) with the construct of emotional engagement. Materials and methods. This study employed an empirical approach based on primary data collected through an online survey. The target population comprised consumers familiar with mascot-driven brands. 368 valid responses were obtained. Data were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling to evaluate model fit. Results and discussion. The study’s respondents were primarily male (48.9%), within the 25–34 age bracket (31.3%), held a Bachelor’s degree (36.1%), and were self-employed (24.5%). This demographic profile reflects a young, economically active, and marketing-responsive consumer segment. All structural model fit indices demonstrated acceptable adequacy (e.g., CMIN/DF = 2.310), while reliability and validity metrics met the required thresholds, with the minimum Average Variance Extracted (AVE) = 0.548 and minimum Composite Reliability (CR) = 0.759, confirming strong measurement quality. The empirical results revealed that Emotional Connection (β = 0.489) was the strongest positive predictor of Purchase Intention, underscoring its pivotal role in consumer decision-making. In contrast, Attitude exerted a significant negative effect (β = –0.175), suggesting that rational evaluations alone may not always align with affective or behavioral outcomes. Furthermore, Emotional Connection significantly mediated the effects of Mascot Characteristics, Subjective Norm, and Perceived Behavioral Control, reinforcing its central role as an emotional bridge between perception and intention. These findings confirm that emotional engagement serves as a crucial determinant of consumer behavior, particularly in culturally expressive markets such as Thailand, where affective symbolism and brand storytelling strongly influence purchase motivation. Conclusions. The findings show that food brand mascots significantly influence consumer attitudes, intentions, and behavior. Emotional resonance, rather than purely cognitive evaluation, was found to drive purchase intention. Accordingly, marketers in the Thai food sector should develop mascots that convey authenticity, relatability, and emotional warmth aligned with consumer values and cultural expectations, thereby strengthening brand loyalty and long-term engagement.
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Translational Value of Natural Pigments with Reference to Healthcare and Cosmetic Applications
(2024-01-01)
Saravanan, Tamil Selvam
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Gopikrishnan, Venugopal
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Manikkam, Radhakrishnan
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Kaari, Manigundan
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Annamalai, Kishore Kumar
The natural pigments have reported to be using in a wide range of industries, agriculture, textiles, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and food. They have become a necessary component of our daily safety life. Synthetic dyes can be harmful impacts to human being as consumer and worker’s health as well as negatively affect to the environment. Numerous natural pigments are recognised as intriguing bioactive substances with feasible safety health advantages. Plants and microbes are discovered to be the main suppliers as natural pigments which various application for these natural products. Recently, the use of natural pigments in the food industry has increased in many areas, including pharmacology, toxicology, textile, and printing industries, as well as food, dairy, and fish industries. The amount of food waste produced has significantly increased as a result of the current surge in industrial food production, particularly the leftovers of fruits and vegetables which are a good source of natural colours including anthocyanins, betalains, carotenoids, and chlorophyll which have both decorative and medicinal effects. Therefore, it is crucial for both economic and environmental reasons to recover the natural pigments from food waste. The cost-effective production would be appreciated and investigated would be overshadowed by the advantages for people. The research findings must be investigated to develop the readily available, non-toxic, environmentally responsible, affordable, and biodegradable pigments for multipurpose application and especially for food security and safety.
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Organochlorine pesticide residues persist throughout the sugar production process
(2024-01-01)
Janjamroon, Wilailak
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Sriprom, Pongsert
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Kaewlaoyoong, Acharee
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Cheruiyot, Nicholas Kiprotich
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Permana, Lasuardi
Thailand, one of the world's largest sugarcane producers, has historically used organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) extensively in its plantations. Therefore, OCP residues are anticipated in plantation soil. However, the persistence of these compounds during sugar production is ambiguous. Thus, this study investigated the OCP residues in sugarcane at the different processing stages. Five product samples, i.e., sugarcane juice, bagasse, raw sugar, granulated white sugar, and molasses were obtained from different regions in Thailand. High concentrations of p,p′-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (p,p′-DDT), γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (γ-HCH or lindane), and cyclodiene derivatives such as aldrin, dieldrin, heptachlor and its epoxide were found in the samples. This is surprising because the OCP use in sugarcane plantations has been long banned in Thailand. Bagasse and raw sugar had the highest total OCP concentrations of 1.0393 ± 0.7555 mg/kg and 0.9658 ± 0.8209 mg/kg, followed by white sugar (0.1616 ± 0.1311 mg/kg), molasses (0.0813 ± 0.1195 mg/kg), and sugarcane juice (0.0173 ± 0.0112 mg/kg). This study offers comprehensive information on the fate of OCPs during the entire sugarcane processing stage, from the cane to the final granulated sugar. The findings also suggest persistent OCP presence in plantation soil, possibly due to illegal use.
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A COMPREHENSIVE OVERVIEW OF NEAR INFRARED AND INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY FOR DETECTING THE ADULTERATION ON FOOD AND AGRO-PRODUCTS—A CRITICAL ASSESSMENT
(2022-01-01)
Sitorus, Agustami
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Lapcharoensuk, Ravipat
In the past decade, fast and non-destructive methods based on spectroscopy technology have been studied to detect and discriminate against food adulteration and agro-products. Numerous linear and nonlinear chemometric approaches have been developed for spectroscopy analysis. Recently, various approaches have been developed for spectroscopic calibration modelling to detect and discriminate adulteration food and agro-products. This article discusses the application of spectroscopy technology, including near infrared and infrared, in detecting and discriminating the adulteration of food and agro-products based on recent research and delivered a critical assessment on this topic to serve as lessons from current studies and future outlooks. The current state-of-the-art techniques, including detection and classification of various adulteration in food and agro-products, have been addressed in this paper. Key findings from this study, near infrared and infrared spectroscopy is a non-destructive, rapid, simple-preparation, analytical rapidity, and straightforward method for classification and determination of adulteration in the food and agro-products so it is suitable for large-scale screening and on-site detection. Although there are still some unsatisfactory research results, especially in detecting tiny adductors, these technologies can potentially detect any adulteration in the various food and agro-products at an economically viable level, at least for the initial screening process. In that respect, near infrared and infrared spectroscopy should be expanded to cover all food and agro-products sold in the market. Only then will there be an acceptable deterrent in place to stop adulteration activity in widely consumed food and agro-products ingredients

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