KMITL

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://dspace.kmitl.ac.th/handle/123456789/1

Browse

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5

Some of the metrics are blocked by your
consent settings
Optimum potassium fertilizer rate for growth, biomass yield, and fuel properties of Leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala) cv. Tarramba in sandy soil
(2025-05-01)
Nitthaisong, P.
;
Thupwong, K.
;
Tonmukayakul, N.
;
Utharapan, J.
;
Chaisan, T.
The results showed that the 187.5, 375 and 750 kg ha-1 application rates increased plant height and stem diameter, while the control (0 kg ha-1) showed a potassium deficit, resulting in stem dieback. High leaf, branch, and stem yield were found at application rates greater than 93.75 kg ha−1, while plant height, stem diameter and biomass yield were slightly further increased in the 187.5, 375 and 750 kg ha-1 treatments. Regarding fuel properties, the potassium application rate did not affect the heating value and ash content but decreased the N and S contents. The potassium content tended to increase with increased potassium application rate. However, the leucaena wood under all the treatments had suitable fuel properties for use as a fuel crop.
Some of the metrics are blocked by your
consent settings
Preparation and characterization of fuel briquettes made from dual agricultural waste: Cashew nut shells and areca nuts
(2020-05-20)
Chungcharoen, Thatchapol
;
Srisang, Naruebodee
The purpose of this work was fuel briquettes production from cashew nut shells (CNS) and areca nut shells (ANS) with the operating parameters of the compressed screw speed (70 and 90 rpm), the mixture of CNS, ANS, and cassava flour (binder) in the unit by weight percent (6 proportions), and the CNS size (small and large). The effects of these parameters on the production rate, mechanical properties (hardness and porosity), and fuel properties, i.e., moisture content (MC), calorific value (CV), volatile matter content (VM), ash content (AC), fixed carbon content (FC), and combustion rate (CR), were investigated. The fuel application for cooking was evaluated with the flame temperature (FT), water boiling test (WBT), thermal efficiency (TE), and greenhouse gases (GHG) emission. Experimental results showed that the speed had the most effect on the production rate, while the CR got the least effect from all parameters compared to the other properties. The briquette should be produced using small CNS with the mixture of CNS 65%, ANS 25% and, cassava flour 10% (by weight) at speed of 90 rpm which provided the high production rate together with satisfying fuel properties, unless the CR was low. The fuel briquette showed the potential for cooking in acceptable level with the low GHG emission.
Some of the metrics are blocked by your
consent settings
Phase behaviors and fuel properties of palm oil-based microemulsion biofuels using sugar-based surfactants
(2017-07-12)
Attaphong, Chodchanok
;
Charoensaeng, Ampira
;
Sorrasuchart, Nutthaporn
;
Khaodhiar, Sutha
;
Arpornpong, Noulkamol
Due to environmental concerns and current fossil-fuel situations, palm oil has been considered as a potential vegetable oil for renewable biofuel applications in South East Asia. To solve durability problems in diesel engine caused by high viscosity of palm oil, microemulsification has led to more attention as a novel viscosity-reducing technique. Microemulsion biofuels are transparent, thermodynamically stable, and singlephase microemulsions, where the polar phase is solubilized in surfactant aggregates existing in the non-polar phase. Surfactants (surface active agents) play a key role in enhancement of the interaction between polar and non-polar phases. Since sugar-based surfactants have been derived from bio-based resources, they have been introduced to formulate microemulsion biofuels in this study. Three sugar-based surfactants, sorbitan monolaurate (SM20), sorbitan monooleate (SM80), and sorbitan trioleate (ST85) and three alcohols (butanol, hexanol, and octanol) were used as surfactants and co-surfactants, respectively. The objectives of this study are to formulate microemulsion biofuels using sugar-based surfactants, to study the effects of surfactants and co-surfactants on phase behaviors and kinematic viscosities, and to investigate the effect of surfactant/co-surfactant ratio on other fuel properties (i.e. energy content, cold flow properties, density, and ash content). The results show that the microemulsion system using SM80 and octanol at the molar ratio of 1 to 8 was considered as an optimized microemulsion biofuel formulation demonstrating comparable fuel properties to biodiesel. These results provide useful guidance for future design of environmentally friendly microemulsion biofuels.
Some of the metrics are blocked by your
consent settings
Effect of additives on fuel properties and emission characteristics of micromulsion biofuels from palm oil
(2017-07-12)
Attaphong, Chodchanok
;
Lumyong, Pichit
;
Wichadee, Sasiwimon
;
Khaodhiar, Sutha
;
Sarikprueck, Piampoom
Microemulsiflcation is one of the novel techniques to reduce viscosity of vegetable oils to avoid durability problems in diesel engines. Microemulsion biofuels are transparent, thermodynamically stable, and single-phase mixtures of vegetable oils and ethanol in the presence of surfactants and co-surfactants. Additives have also been included in microemulsion biofuel formulations to improve their stability and fuel properties; however, there is limited research on the effect of additives on emission characteristics of microemulsion biofuels. In this study, microemulsion biofuels were formulated from palm oil/diesel blend (1:1 v/v), ethanol, surfactant, and co-surfactants. Five additives, ethylene glycol butyl ether (EGBE), diethylene glycol ethyl ether (DEGEE), propylene glycol ethyl ether (PGEE), dipropylene glycol methyl ether (DPGME), and ethyl acetate (EA), were used to study the effect of additives on phase behaviors, fuel properties, and emission characteristics. The results showed that studied additives could improve some fuel properties of microemulsion biofuels with negligible effect on phase stability. Additionally, it was found that carbon monoxide (CO) emissions from microemulsion biofuels with DEGEE and EA, and nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions from microemulsion biofuels with all additives were lower than those from diesel and biodiesel. Therefore, DEGEE and EA can be considered as promising additives for microemulsion biofuel formulations, which can improve fuel properties as well as can significantly reduce CO and NO<inf>x</inf> emissions below the levels of diesel and biodiesel. These encouraging results offer options of additives for biofuel applications.
Some of the metrics are blocked by your
consent settings
Production of Biomass Briquette from Residual Bleaching Earth and Empty Palm Bunch
(2017-01-01)
Srisang, Naruebodee
;
Srisang, Siriwan
;
Wongpitithawat, Pitiwat
;
The-Eye, Korawit
;
Wongkeaw, Kittipong
Bleaching earth (BE) and empty palm bunches (EPB) are residual materials in the palm oil production process. Inside BE consisted of copious oil quantities, in the same way, the EPB had the high heating value. These residual materials could be recycled to become the biomass briquettes (BB). Therefore, this work investigated the BB production at the different condition. The compression temperature was 150, 250 and 350°C. The compressive velocity was 30, 40 and 50 rpm. The mixture ratio by weight between BE and EPB was 30:70, 40:60, 50:50, 60:40 and 70:30. After production, the BB were examined the fuel properties, i.e., moisture content (MC), ash content (AC), the heating value (HV), the fixed carbon content (FC) and volatile matter content (VC). Experimental results showed the MC, HV, FC and VC diminished with the decrease of EPB quantity. The AC increased with the augmentation of BE content. The BB production rate increased with the compression velocity by it had the maximum production rate about 390 pieces per hour at the velocity of 50 rpm. Moreover, the increased velocity affected the diminution of HV, fixed carbon, moisture and volatile matter for some the mixture ratio and compression temperature. The alteration of compression temperature insignificantly affected the quantity of HV for some the mixture ratio and compression velocity. The BB production should be produced at the ratio of 30:70 combined with the compressive speed and temperature of 30 rpm and 250°C, respectively. This condition gave the high HV, the low moisture content corresponded with the standard of fuel properties, excepting, the quantity of ash and fixed carbon.

KMITL

Browse

Filters

Settings

Sort By

Results per page

Search Results