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    Occurrence of microplastics in Russell’s snapper (Lutjanus russellii) and associated prey species in the Central Gulf of Thailand
    (2025-02-01)
    Klangnurak, Wanlada
    ;
    Prachumwong, Siriluk
    ;
    Alfonso, María Belén
    ;
    Nakano, Haruka
    ;
    Chavanich, Suchana
    Microplastic (MP) contamination in fish may occur via their feeding behavior and ingestion of contaminated prey. This study investigated the presence of MPs in the predator Lutjanus russellii (Russell’s snapper) and its prey along the Chumphon coast of the Central Gulf of Thailand. Stomach contents of L. russellii were analyzed to identify its prey species. Prey species were then sampled from the same geographical area as the predator specimens for subsequent MP analysis. The dietary habits of L. russellii classify it as a generalist carnivore, consuming a diverse range of food items, including zooplankton, crustaceans, and small fish. No significant correlation was observed between MP abundance and the weight or length of the predator fish (general linear model, p > 0.05). Black and red fibers were the predominant MP types in both predator and prey, though MP sizes varied among the sampled species. In predator stomachs, the most common polymers were acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS; 26.32%), polyethylene terephthalate (PET; 21.05%), and polyester (PES; 10.53%). Conversely, prey samples were dominated by PES (17.58%), PET (15.38%), and ABS (13.19%). Notably, similarities in MP characteristics (shape, color, average size, and certain polymer types) were observed between L. russellii and Portunus sp. The detection of smaller PET fibers in L. russellii compared to Portunus sp. (Mann–Whitney U-test, p ≤ 0.05) suggests the transfer of MPs to L. russellii through the ingestion of hard-shelled crustacean prey. This study underscores the importance of examining predator–prey interactions to better understand MP contamination pathways in marine ecosystems, particularly in regions like the Gulf of Thailand, where plastic pollution is prevalent. Further research is required to assess the long-term ecological implications of MP transfer within marine food chains.
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    Microplastics in construction and built environment
    (2023-10-01)
    Prasittisopin, Lapyote
    ;
    Ferdous, Wahid
    ;
    Kamchoom, Viroon
    Plastics have been extensively used in the building and construction industries for decades. However, the more plastics are utilised, the more microplastics are released. This review and analysis article summarises and organises the knowledge from 211 current related publications published in 2014–2022. The review and analysis explain the kinds of plastics employed in construction and built environment. Fabrics or textiles, fibres and plastics in cementitious systems, paints, tyres and roads are discussed. The entry points of microplastics into the human body are reviewed next, followed by the management of recycled wastes. The important research gaps and possible solutions include using high-strength concretes and surface-hardening agents is suggested to encapsulate the microplastics inside the matrix; DPSIR model analysis can be holistically adopted for each composite; innovative bio-chemical technology like self-healing concrete and bio-degradable plastics can be a viable choice; and social science, law and urban planning can support awareness and comprehension.
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    Screening for microplastics in marine fish of Thailand: the accumulation of microplastics in the gastrointestinal tract of different foraging preferences
    (2020-07-01)
    Klangnurak, Wanlada
    ;
    Chunniyom, Suwaree
    Microplastics in marine organisms are nowadays considered a worldwide phenomenon. An action plan needs to establish to solve this marine pollutant. It requires multidisciplinary information, including the accumulation of data on microplastics in marine biota. The research of microplastic ingestion in the marine environment and organisms of Thailand is limited. As a result, this study was conducted to evaluate the accumulation of microplastics in marine fish from Thailand and to investigate whether the different foraging mechanisms of fish impact the occurrence of microplastics in their gastrointestinal tract. A total number of 361 demersal fish and 131 pelagic fish were investigated. The collected microplastics were counted according to their shape and color. Their polymer type was identified by FT-IR for the first time in fish from Thailand. Moreover, microplastics ingestion sorted by fish size was noted. The number of ingested microplastics in this study was relatively low compared to other locations. There was no significant difference in the number of microplastics ingested between demersal and pelagic fish (p = 0.132). Microplastic fibers were the dominant shape found in both demersal (82.76%) and pelagic fish (57.14%). The most common polymer type was polyamide in both demersal (55.17%) and pelagic fish (50.00%). The dominant microplastics color in both demersal and pelagic fish was red (31.03% and 28.57%, respectively). Microplastics ingestion along different fish sizes fluctuated. This study provides evidence to fill a gap of research relating to microplastic ingestion by fish from Thailand.