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Subject: search.filters.subject.Polyelectrolytes

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    Sodium polystyrene sulfonate template assisted hydrothermal synthesis of hydroxyapatite nanorods
    (2016-09-01)
    Chaopanich, Pakvipar
    ;
    Siriphannon, Punnama
    Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nHAp) have been synthesized by benign hydrothermal reaction from the aqueous mixture of Ca(NO<inf>3</inf>)<inf>2</inf>·4H<inf>2</inf>O and (NH<inf>4</inf>)<inf>2</inf>HPO<inf>4</inf> solutions in the presence of non-toxic sodium polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) template. The pH of starting precursors has been adjusted to 10.5 before hydrothermal treatment at 100°C for 1, 2 and 3 h. The added PSS template generates the largely negative surface of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) precursor, resulting in minimization of precursor agglomeration and promoting the hydrothermal growth of nHAp along preferential c-axis as rod-shaped crystals. The crystallite sizes along 002-plane of nHAp synthesized with and without PSS template are 47.1 and 29.5 nm, respectively. With longer hydrothermal treatment time, larger crystallite size of nHAp is obtained. In vitro cytotoxicity of the synthesized nHAp has been evaluated by MTT assay using African green monkey kidney fibroblast cells, in which the nHAp exhibits low cytotoxicity. Antibacterial activities of the synthesized nHAp against S.aureus and E.coli have been tested. Due to the presence of largely negative surface, the nHAp could inhibit only the grampositive S.aureus, creating a clear zone of about 9.5 mm.
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    Immobilization of zinc oxide nanoparticles on cotton fabrics using poly 4-styrenesulfonic acid polyelectrolyte
    (2012-05-31)
    Iamphaojeen, Yuwanda
    ;
    Siriphannon, Punnama
    Immobilization of ZnO nanoparticles on cotton fabrics using poly 4-styrenesulfonic acid (PSS) was studied. The cotton fabrics were firstly cationized using 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethylammonium chloride (CHTAC) solution. The surfaces of cationized cotton were coated using a layer-by-layer technique by stepwise dipping the cationized cotton into a solution of anionic PSS polyelectrolyte and Zn(NO <inf>3</inf>) <inf>2</inf> 6H <inf>2</inf>O solution. The coating procedure was repeated 2, 4, and 6 times to obtain the PSS/Zn <sup>2+</sup> multilayers coated on the cotton fabrics. The treated cotton fabrics were hydrothermally treated in NH <inf>4</inf>OH solution at 90°C for 24 h, resulting in immobilization of ZnO nanocrystals on the cotton fabrics. The SEM, XRF, and XPS data revealed the accomplishment of ZnO immobilization on the surfaces of the treated cotton fabrics. The higher the number of PSS/Zn <sup>2+</sup> coating layers on the fabrics, the more hydrothermally grown ZnO nanoparticles could be obtained, resulting in a higher UV protection factor when testing by the AATCC 183-2004 standard test method. All cotton fabrics with the ZnO immobilized on the surfaces were classified according to the AS/NZS 4339:1997 standard in the range of "VERY GOOD" UV protection category. The ZnO-immobilized cotton fabrics with the six PSS/Zn <sup>2+</sup> coating layers could inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus when testing by the AATCC 147-2004 standard test method. © 2012 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG.