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Subject: search.filters.subject.Polysaccharides

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    Antibiofilm strategies using mixed disinfectants and cubosome nanocarriers to combat Staphylococcus aureus on sandblasted stainless steel disc surfaces
    (2025-09-01)
    Dawan, Jirapat
    ;
    Guo, Yuyuan
    ;
    Lee, Sang Soo
    ;
    Kim, Jin Chul
    Bacterial biofilms are complex communities in which microorganisms are adhered and encapsulated in a self-produced extracellular polymeric material (EPS) matrix. Biofilm acts as a protective barrier, enhancing the resistance of bacteria to environmental stressors, cleaning agents and antimicrobial treatments. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluated the effectiveness of a mixed disinfectant suspension (MIX) against Staphylococcus aureus biofilms on sandblasted stainless steel disc surfaces. A cubic phase containing MIX was prepared, and its anti-biofilm ability was assessed in comparison to free MIX. The susceptibility of S. aureus ATCC 15,564 (SA<sup>ATCC</sup>) and multidrug-resistant S. aureus CCARM 3080 (SA<sup>CCARM</sup>) biofilms to single and mixed disinfectants (MIX) was evaluated. The incorporation of MIX into cubosomes was performed to evaluate its potential enhancement in antibiofilm activity. 1% MIX demonstrated the most effective anti-biofilm activity. Extracellular DNA (eDNA) and polysaccharides were also significantly reduced in biofilms treated with 1% MIX. TEM analysis revealed that 1% MIX effectively disrupted bacterial cell clusters within the biofilms. The incorporation of 1% MIX into cubosomes enhanced its antibiofilm activity, with cubosome-encapsulated MIX exhibiting superior results compared to free MIX. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of a mixed disinfectant suspension in reducing S. aureus biofilms on sandblasted stainless steel disc surfaces. Furthermore, the incorporation of MIX into lipid-based nanocarriers, such as cubosomes, enhanced its antibiofilm efficacy compared to the free disinfectant.
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    Ultrasonic extraction, antioxidant and anti-glycation activities of polysaccharides from Gynura divaricata leaves
    (2017-01-01)
    Deetae, Pawinee
    ;
    Tseng, Kwanrudee
    ;
    Pasuphan, Chanathinart
    ;
    Panya, Atikorn
    ;
    Methacanon, Pawadee
    To date, there are numerous studies on Gynura divaricata mainly focused on isolation and biological activities of small chemical compounds such as polyphenols. Only few attentions have been paid on polysaccharides from G. divaricata leaves regarding the extraction, structural characterization and biological functions. Therefore, in this study, ultrasonic extraction, an efficient technique compared to the conventional methods, was applied via response surface methodology to determine the optimum conditions, which maximized the yield of G. divaricata polysaccharides (GDP). Moreover, its physico-chemical and biological properties including in vitro-antioxidant and anti-glycation activities were investigated. The GDP yield under the optimal condition (148 W ultrasonic power, 15 min extraction time and 18.5 ml/g ratio of water to raw material) was found to be 6.45% ± 0.13, which was very close to the value predicted by the mathematical model. The primary characterization using various physico-chemical approaches revealed that GDP is a polysaccharide mainly composed of uronic acid (57.38%) and neutral sugars (40.94%) with molecular weight approximately of 960 kDa. In addition, GDP exhibited remarkable metal chelating antioxidant up to 30% of activity at 60 mg/100 ml and anti-glycation capacity reached 90% at 100 mg/100 ml. Ultrasound-assisted extraction was found to positively affect the GDP yield. The GDP exhibited highly potent antioxidant and anti-glycation properties which could be explored as a novel natural antioxidant and natural glycation inhibitor for food, pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries.