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    Supply chain management efficiency for the Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Wall. ex Nees of the Bandongbang community enterprise in Prachinburi province, Thailand
    (2024-07-01)
    Lertpairat, S.
    ;
    Suwanmaneepong, S.
    ;
    Llones, C.
    ;
    Mankeb, P.
    The results showed that primary producers in the upstream supply chain, farmers engaged in systematic cultivation and collaborative planning with the Chaopraya Abhayabhubesorn Hospital Foundation. A two-year Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) instils farmers’ confidence in Andrographis paniculata cultivation. Supply chain operations reference (SCOR) based on practices that exhibited a moderate level of implementation, reflecting a balanced approach. In the midstream supply chain, effective planning aligns production capacity with customer demand, ensuring the availability of quality inputs at fair prices. The midstream supply chain excels in product collection, on-time delivery, and structural damage control protocols. The Chaopraya Abhayabhubesorn Hospital Foundation played a crucial role in the downstream supply chain. Their strategy balanced production resources to effectively meet market demand. MOUs with various members, stringent quality checks, and defined return protocols to ensure product quality. In conclusion, the study found effective supply chain practices. It underscored the importance of stakeholder collaboration in optimizing A. paniculata production and distribution. Relevant government agency support for SCOR-based supply chain management practices could help to enhance the overall sustainability and efficiency of A. paniculata among community enterprises.
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    Social capital and production risk: examining the association using the case of irrigated rice farms in Northern Thailand
    (2023-05-01)
    Llones, C.
    ;
    Suwanmaneepong, S.
    ;
    Mankeb, P.
    ;
    Wongtragoon, U.
    Results showed that higher perceived social capital in terms of interpersonal trust and network relationships are negatively associated with variability in production. The observed association can be attributed to the social capital capacity for resource generation and networking, which help mitigate potential risks. The study provided evidence of the importance of developing and strengthening the social capital of farming communities in supporting farmers’ risk management. Especially among farmers with less access to information, the farmer’s network facilitated the knowledge-sharing on farming innovations and improved practices.
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    Insight on extraction and characterisation of biopolymers as the green coagulants for microalgae harvesting
    (2020-05-01)
    Ang, Teik Hun
    ;
    Kiatkittipong, Kunlanan
    ;
    Kiatkittipong, Worapon
    ;
    Chua, Siong Chin
    ;
    Lim, Jun Wei
    This review presents the extractions, characterisations, applications and economic analyses of natural coagulant in separating pollutants and microalgae fromwater medium, known as microalgae harvesting. The promising future of microalgae as a next-generation energy source is reviewed and the significant drawbacks of conventional microalgae harvesting using alum are evaluated. The performances of natural coagulant in microalgae harvesting are studied and proven to exceed the alum. In addition, the details of each processing stage in the extraction of natural coagulant (plant, microbial and animal) are comprehensively discussed with justifications. This information could contribute to future exploration of novel natural coagulants by providing description of optimised extraction steps for a number of natural coagulants. Besides, the characterisations of natural coagulants have garnered a great deal of attention, and the strategies to enhance the flocculating activity based on their characteristics are discussed. Several important characterisations have been tabulated in this review such as physical aspects, including surface morphology and surface charges; chemical aspects, including molecular weight, functional group and elemental properties; and thermal stability parameters including thermogravimetry analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. Furthermore, various applications of natural coagulant in the industries other than microalgae harvesting are revealed. The cost analysis of natural coagulant application in mass harvesting of microalgae is allowed to evaluate its feasibility towards commercialisation in the industrial. Last, the potentially new natural coagulants, which are yet to be exploited and applied, are listed as the additional information for future study.