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    Enhancing Banana Flour Quality through Physical Modifications and Its Application in Gluten-Free Chips Product
    (2024-02-01)
    Kunyanee, Kannika
    ;
    Van Ngo, Tai
    ;
    Kusumawardani, Sandra
    ;
    Luangsakul, Naphatrapi
    The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of different single or dual physical treatments, including pre-gelatinization (PBF), annealing (ANN), PBF+ANN, and ANN+PBF, on banana flour’s characteristics and its application in gluten-free chip production. The study involved determining the color, swelling capacity, solubility, oil absorption index, and pasting properties of both the native and modified banana flour samples. The results showed a significant change in color, particularly in the pre-gelatinized samples. There was a noticeable decrease in the values of the pasting parameters in the modified samples. PBF samples exhibited a remarkable reduction in the breakdown value compared to the native and ANN treated samples. Furthermore, PBF-treated banana flour displayed higher oil absorption and swelling power than the other samples, along with lower solubility in the PBF-treated sample. These characteristics appear to be responsible for enabling the pre-gelatinized sample to form the dough required for producing banana chips, resulting in distinct texture profiles. Finally, our research emphasizes the useful application of modified banana flour in the food industry and emphasizes how crucial it is to choose the right modification method to achieve the desired effects on the product.
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    Determining the Annealing Temperature Dependency of Wetting and Mechanical Features on Fe3Si Films
    (2023-08-01)
    Borwornpornmetee, Nattakorn
    ;
    Achirawongwat, Chawapon
    ;
    Traiprom, Thawichai
    ;
    Saekow, Bunpot
    ;
    Porntheeraphat, Supanit
    The impact of thermal annealing under temperature alteration on the wetting and mechanical attributes of Fe<inf>3</inf>Si films built through facing target sputtering (FTS) is an essential topic for study in order to identify their characteristics under varying temperatures. Consequently, we introduced a thermal annealing process in a vacuum for two hours under varying temperatures of 300, 600, and 900 °C to our Fe<inf>3</inf>Si films created via FTS. The primary purpose of this current research is to examine the effect of the thermal annealing technique under temperature alteration on the wetting and mechanical traits of Fe<inf>3</inf>Si films. In this research, Fe<inf>3</inf>Si films were built onto the Si wafer by FTS and divided for use in thermal annealing under temperature alteration. The structural, morphological, wetting, and mechanical traits of the Fe<inf>3</inf>Si films under thermal annealing are provided in the present work. Based on our information, this work represents an original study on the change in wetting and mechanical traits of Fe<inf>3</inf>Si films through thermal annealing under temperature alteration.
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    Effects of Annealing Temperature and Time on Properties of Thermoplastic Polyurethane Based on Different Soft Segments/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposites
    (2023-01-01)
    Jirakittidul, Kittimon
    ;
    Limthin, Darawan
    ;
    Mahithithummathorn, Sarita
    ;
    Phaewchimphlee, Seenam
    Typically, polymer chains can move under the annealing process, resulting in an ordered structure arrangement. This causes an improvement in nanocomposite properties and in the dispersion of filler. In this research, annealed thermoplastic polyurethane (PU)/multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) nanocomposites were studied to investigate the effect of annealing on the selective dispersion of MWCNTs. PU matrices were composed of two different soft segments, i.e., polyether (PU-Ether) and polyester (PU-Ester). Nanocomposites were prepared by the melt mixing process and annealed at 80 to 120 °C for 6 to 24 h. The increases in annealing time and temperature resulted in microphase separation in segmented PU and the orientation of crystalline structures in the segregated hard domain. Nanocomposites showed higher electrical conductivity after annealing. This implies that the movement of PU chains during heat treatment encouraged the development of the MWCNT network. However, the increase in ordered structures could obstruct the MWCNT network, resulting in lower electrical conductivity levels. Considering the selective dispersion of MWCNT in PU matrices, it was found that MWCNTs dispersed in soft segments of PU-Ether, leading to a significant decrease in elongation at the break after annealing. On the other hand, a decrease in elasticity of PU-Ester nanocomposites was not observed as a result of MWCNT dispersal in hard segments.
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    Effect of Annealing Time on the Cation Distribution in Mn Doped CoFe2O4
    (2016-02-19)
    Roongtao, Rachanusorn
    ;
    Vittayakorn, Naratip
    ;
    Klysubun, Wantana
    ;
    Vittayakorn, Wanwilai C.
    In this work, the series of CoFe<inf>2</inf><inf>x</inf>Mn<inf>x</inf>O<inf>4</inf> powders were synthesized using the solid state method. The structure and lattice parameter of the samples were determined by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Rietveld refinement method. The morphology was confirmed without annealing and with annealing at 500°C for 4 and 100 h, with the samples examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Then, the distribution of migrating cations was analyzed using X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). Also, magnetic properties were examined by a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). It can be confirmed from the morphology that the average particle size before and after annealing remained unchanged, and ranged from 0.66 ± 0.20 m to 0.79 ± 0.26 m. Furthermore, the distribution of cations was no different after annealing Mn ions at 500°C for 100 h. However, the distribution of cations migrated to their site of preference after annealing Co and Fe ions in the structure. The result of migrations induced a saturated magnetization increase to 42.24 emu/g.