KMITL

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://dspace.kmitl.ac.th/handle/kmitl/1

Browse

Settings

Subject: search.filters.subject.carbon emission

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Loading...
    Thumbnail Image
    Some of the metrics are blocked by your 
    consent settings
    Item type:Publication,
    Repurposing Senescent Oil Palm Trunks into Sustainable Plywood: A Green Alternative to Conventional Disposal Practices
    (2026-01-01)
    Rachsiriwatcharabul, Natworapol
    ;
    Dangwilailux, Panya
    ;
    Kalasee, Wachara
    ;
    Autthanit, Chaowat
    ;
    Lakachaiworakun, Putipong
    This study evaluates the mechanical performance and carbon emission implications of producing plywood from senescent oil palm trunks (OPT), a readily available agricultural residue in Thailand. Veneers were dried using hot air at 90℃ and a hybrid hot air–microwave process before being fabricated into plywood with urea–formaldehyde adhesive. Mechanical tests showed that plywood from hybrid-dried veneers (OPP-H90-M2k) achieved higher tensile strength and modulus of rupture (MOR) than hot-air drying alone (OPP-H90), while bondline shear strength remained consistently high. However, MOR and modulus of elasticity values were lower than those of commercial plywood, suggesting that OPT plywood is currently better suited for non-structural interior applications such as furniture and partitions. A simplified carbon emissions inventory indicated that OPT plywood production released about 843 kg CO<inf>2</inf>-eq/m<sup>3</sup>, compared with 990 kg CO<inf>2</inf>-eq/m<sup>3</sup> for open burning and 800– 1,200 kg CO<inf>2</inf>-eq/m<sup>3</sup> for natural decomposition. Although its footprint is higher than advanced low-carbon plywood systems, the results suggest that OPT plywood offers a moderate emissions reduction and provides partial carbon storage within the product. Overall, converting OPT into plywood represents a practical alternative to unsustainable disposal practices and supports more sustainable biomass utilization in tropical agriculture.
      1
  • Loading...
    Thumbnail Image
    Some of the metrics are blocked by your 
    consent settings
    Item type:Publication,
    Characterization and proximate analysis of composite biochar briquette from oil palm frond and red clay
    (2025-01-01)
    Suwankamnoed, Saipin
    ;
    Imsuwan, Pattareewan
    ;
    Tilokkarn, Worrathon
    ;
    Meksiriporn, Bunyarit
    ;
    Sutjaritvorakul, Thanawat
    The ultimate goal of this research is to create effective and environmentally friendly biochar briquettes from oil palm frond (OPF) waste. Red clay, a plentiful local resource, has been demonstrated to improve the properties of fuel briquettes. In this study, the tested composite briquettes (biochar:red clay:starch by weight) were prepared in the following ratios: 40:55:5 (T2), 50:45:5 (T3), 60:35:5 (T4), and 70:25:5 (T5), while the control sample (T1) consisted of 95:5 (biochar:starch). All of the different ratios were analyzed using proximate analysis. The results showed moisture content ranging from 7.35% to 8.47%, ash content from 29.75% to 49.82%, volatile matter from 15.63% to 17.47%, and fixed carbon from 25.31% to 46.48%. Among them, T4 exhibited the lowest moisture and ash content and the highest calorific value at 5,650 cal/g, making it the optimal candidate for further investigation. A comprehensive analysis of T4 was conducted using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The techniques revealed the morphological structure and inorganic components that contribute to the energy efficiency of T4. The study also examined air pollutant emissions. T4 produced lower emissions of pollutants such as carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO<inf>2),</inf> total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs), formaldehyde (HCHO), and particulate matter (PM<inf>1.0</inf> and PM<inf>2.5</inf>) compared to the OPF biochar briquette without red clay (T1). Composite biochar briquettes made from OPF and red clay (T4) are safe and suitable for use as a fuel source for household applications like cooking and heating. This research contributes to the development of the green bioeconomy and supports sustainable energy initiatives.
      1