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    Two new species of Aricidea (Aricidea) (Annelida: Paraonidae) from the Andaman coast and the Gulf of Thailand
    (2026-07-03)
    Plathong, Jintana
    ;
    Plathong, Sakanan
    ;
    Klangnurak, Wanlada
    ;
    Ranauro, Natalia
    ;
    Hernández-Alcantara, Pablo
    Two new species of Paraonidae, Aricidea (Aricidea) pacharaphoni sp. nov., and A. (A.) sathingpra sp. nov., are described from the Southwestern Pacific. Aricidea (A.) pacharaphoni sp. nov., collected in the Andaman Coast and the Gulf of Thailand, is clearly distinguished from other species of Aricidea (Aricidea) by having an elongate, faintly annulated median antenna extending to chaetigers 3–7; chaetiger 3 with distinctive globose notopodial postchaetal lobes with long digitiform terminal tips; two types of branchiae, strap-like and foliaceous; and two types of modified neurochaetae, pseudocompound and stout acicular. Aricidea (A.) sathingpra sp. nov., was collected in the Gulf of Thailand and belongs to the articulated antenna group, being separated from all other species of this subgenus by having a triarticulated antenna; pair of distinctive round furrow protuberances on the prostomium; and 6–7 pairs of wide foliaceous branchiae. We suggested that the modification and shape of the notopodial postchaetal lobes in chaetiger 3 are an important morphological character to differentiate the species of this subgenus. Molecular phylogenetic and genetic distance analyses, based on cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene sequences support the recognition of Aricidea (A.) pacharaphoni sp. nov., as a distinct species. A taxonomic key for all world species of Aricidea (Aricidea) is included.
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    Morphological and molecular insights into diversity of Brevitrygon (Elasmobranchii, Myliobatiformes, Dasyatidae) in Thai waters
    (2026-01-01)
    Wongmanee, Phiphat
    ;
    Khudamrongsawat, Jenjit
    ;
    Krajangdara, Tassapon
    ;
    Senanan, Wansuk
    ;
    Panithanarak, Thadsin
    Stingrays of the genus Brevitrygon in Thailand are captured as bycatch in fisheries, and a proportion of the catch is used for local consumption, but information on their biodiversity remains limited. This study examines the diversity of Brevitrygon species collected from the Gulf of Thailand and the Andaman Sea. A total of 148 specimens were morphologically identified as either Brevitrygon heterura (Bleeker, 1852) or Brevitrygon cf. imbricata, based on diagnostic characters. Morphometric analysis revealed that all specimens more closely resembled B. heterura, with no significant differences between morphotypes or sexes. Genetic analysis based on COI sequences from 39 samples further supported these results. All samples grouped within the B. heterura clade with strong bootstrap support and formed two distinct genetic subgroups corresponding tothe Gulf of Thailand and the Andaman Sea. The mean intraspecific divergence (1.08%) fell within the expected range for population-level variation in elasmobranchs, with interspecific divergence from other Brevitrygon species exceeding 9%. These results indicate that B. heterura in Thai waters likely represents a single species. While both morphometric and genetic data suggest regional differentiation, the observed variation falls within the normal range for a single species, providing no evidence of cryptic diversity. This study underscores the value of integrating morphological and molecular data to better understand population structure and taxonomy in stingrays.
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    Four new species of Fauveliopsidae (Annelida, Sedentaria) from the Gulf of Thailand
    (2026-01-01)
    Plathong, Jintana
    ;
    Plathong, Sakanan
    ;
    Klangnurak, Wanlada
    ;
    Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I.
    Four new species of Fauveliopsidae, Fauveliopsis pladang sp. nov., Laubieriopsis tantawan sp. nov., Riseriopsis chaba sp. nov., and R. plahmuk sp. nov., are described from the Gulf of Thailand from sediments at 50–80 m water depth. Fauveliopsis pladang sp. nov., can be distinguished from other species by having 41 chaetigers; anterior parapodia with two acicula chaetae per bundle; in median and posterior segments 1 aciculum and 1 capillary per bundle. Laubieriopsis tantawan sp. nov., differs from all other species in the genus by having 27–43 chaetigers, body annulate; 2 acicula per bundle in anterior parapodia; in median and posterior parapodia with 1 aciculum and 1 capillary per bundle. Riseriopsis chaba sp. nov., can be distinguished from other species by having 34 chaetigers; anterior parapodia with 2 acicula per bundle; median and posterior notopodia with one aciculum and one capillary per bundle; median neuropodia with 1 aciculum and 2 capillaries per bundle; posterior neuropodia with 1–2 acicula and 1 capillary per bundle. Riseriopsis plahmuk sp. nov., can be distinguished from other species by having 2–4 acicula per bundle along anterior segments; median segments with 1–2 acicula and 1–2 capillaries per bundle; and posterior parapodia with 1–6 acicula and 1–5 capillaries per bundle. Genetic data, sequencing of the cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) of L. tantawan sp. nov., and R. plahmuk sp. nov., are reported. Update keys for identifying species of Fauveliopsis, Laubieriopsis and Riseriopsis are also provided.
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    A New Species of Triaenodes (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae), based on morphological and molecular data, from Kaeng Khoi Waterfall, Chumphon Province, southern Thailand
    (2025-02-28)
    Laudee, Pongsak
    ;
    Malicky, Hans
    ;
    Takenaka, Masaki
    ;
    Sawangarrom, Phuwadon
    ;
    Suwannarat, Nannaphat
    A new species of Triaenodes tipmaneei sp. nov. is described and illustrated based on the male and female genitalia. The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) of the new species and of the most similar species T. themis Malicky and Prommi 2006 were analyzed. The male genitalia of Triaenodes tipmaneei sp. nov. is distinguished from other species in the genus by the shape of inferior appendages. Inferior appendages of the new species are without recurved processes; the dorsal branch is divided into a dorsal lobe and two processes, with the upper process curved upward and bifid, and the lower process slender and with pointed apex; the main body of the appendage has a short slender apicolateral process, the mesal process is short and pointed, the ventral process is stout, and the apex is pointed. The genetic distance between T. tipmaneei sp. nov. and T. themis, based on the mtDNA COI region, was 8.5 precent, indicating a large genetic differentiation between the two species.
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    Two new species of Sigambra (Annelida, Pilargidae) from the Andaman coast and the Gulf of Thailand
    (2024-12-17)
    Plathong, Jintana
    ;
    Plathong, Sakanan
    ;
    Klangnurak, Wanlada
    ;
    Dean, Harlan K.
    Two species of Pilargidae, Sigambra pakbaraensis sp. nov. and S. sirilukae sp. nov. are described from different coasts of Southern Thailand (Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand). Both species belong to the subgroup of Sigambra which lack ventral cirri at chaetiger 2 and have capillary notochaetae. Sigambra pakbaraensis sp. nov. is described from the Andaman coast and can be distinguished from other species in the genus by the occurrence of the first dorsal hook at chaetiger 8, the presence of capillaries in notopodia, and 14 pharyngeal papillae. Sigambra sirilukae sp. nov. is described from the Gulf of Thailand and it is clearly distinguished from all other species in the genus by having 12 pharynx papillae, an elongate median antenna with a large ceratophore, dorsal hooks from middle chaetigers, and up to five capillary notochaetae from anterior most chaetigers (4–5). Molecular phylogenetic analyses, based on cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and mitochondrial genes 16S, indicate S. pakbaraensis sp. nov. clusters within Sigambra Müller, 1858. Pores on the dorsal and ventral cirri of both species are herein described for the first time for the genus. An updated key to species of Sigambra from the Indo-Pacific region is also provided.
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    Hidden diversity of Pestalotiopsis and Neopestalotiopsis (Amphisphaeriales, Sporocadaceae) species allied with the stromata of entomopathogenic fungi in Taiwan
    (2024-01-01)
    Hsu, Sheng Yu
    ;
    Xu, Yuan Cheng
    ;
    Lin, Yu Chen
    ;
    Chuang, Wei Yu
    ;
    Lin, Shiou Ruei
    Pestalotiopsis sensu lato, commonly referred to as pestalotiopsis-like fungi, exhibit a broad distribution and are frequently found as endophytes, saprobes and pathogens across various plant hosts. The taxa within pestalotiopsis-like fungi are classified into three genera viz. Pestalotiopsis, Pseudopestalotiopsis and Neopestalotiopsis, based on the conidial colour of their median cells and multi-locus molecular phylogenies. In the course of a biodiversity investigation focusing on pestalotiopsis-like fungi, a total of 12 fungal strains were identified. These strains were found to be associated with stromata of Beauveria, Ophiocordyceps and Tolypocladium in various regions of Taiwan from 2018 to 2021. These strains were evaluated morphologically and multi-locus phylogenetic analyses of the ITS (internal transcribed spacer), tef1-α (translation elongation factor 1-α) and tub2 (beta-tubulin) gene regions were conducted for genotyping. The results revealed seven well-classified taxa and one tentative clade in Pestalotiopsis and Neopestalotiopsis. One novel species, Pestalotiopsis manyueyuanani and four new records, N. camelliae-oleiferae, N. haikouensis, P. chamaeropis and P. hispanica, were reported for the first time in Taiwan. In addition, P. formosana and an unclassified strain of Neopestalotiopsis were identified, based on similarities of phylogeny and morphology. However, the data obtained in the present study suggest that the currently recommended loci for species delimitation of pestalotiopsis-like fungi do not deliver reliable or adequate resolution of tree topologies. The in-vitro mycelial growth rates of selected strains from these taxa had an optimum temperature of 25 °C, but growth ceased at 5 °C and 35 °C, while all the strains grew faster under alkaline than acidic or neutral pH conditions. This study provides the first assessment of pestalotiopsis-like fungi, associated with entomopathogenic taxa.