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Solid shrimp waste derived nanoporous carbon as an alternative bio-sorbent for oxytetracycline removal from aquaculture wastewater
(2024-06-15)
Kaewtrakulchai, Napat
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Samattakarn, Nippit
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Chanpee, Sirayu
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Assawasaengrat, Pornsawan
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Manatura, Kanit
Recently, it has been critical to effectively remove oxytetracycline (OTC) from aquaculture wastewater before releasing into the environment. The adsorption process is recognized as an efficient pathway for removing OTC since it is a simple, stable, and cost-effective method. This study aims to develop nanoporous carbon entirely from shrimp waste (SW) via hydrothermal carbonization assisted with KOH activation. Existing KOH significantly increases the porosity of SW nanoporous carbon. The optimal SW porous carbon was obtained using 5 wt%KOH for activation, which had the largest surface area of 679.51 m2/g with the total pore volume of 0.458 cm3/g. Moreover, the SW porous carbon with the highest porosity was selected for the OTC adsorption. The Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model match the experimental data, implying that the adsorption mechanism is mono-layered adsorption due to micropores by chemisorption interaction. The adsorption capacity significantly improved by increasing the dosage of SW nanoporous carbon. The SW nanoporous carbon adsorption for OTC is primarily regulated by pore filling affected by hydrogen bonding, and π-π* interaction also plays a significant role. The SW nanoporous carbon showed an efficient OTC adsorption after 5 regeneration cycles. This work demonstrates biomass waste recycling and emphasizes the potential of aquatic food processing waste-derived nanoporous carbon for antibiotic adsorption.
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Bimetallic PdNi catalyst on cattail Leaves-Derived nanoporous carbon support for synthesis of partially hydrogenated fatty acid methyl ester (H-FAME)
(2024-06-01)
Longprang, Tripob
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Kaewtrakulchai, Napat
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Kiatkittipong, Worapon
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Srifa, Atthapon
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Chollacoop, Nuwong
Cattail leaves (CL) have been used as a carbon source to synthesize nanoporous carbon (NPC) support with high surface area (S<inf>BET</inf> = 2002.12 m2g−1) via hydrothermal carbonization and potassium hydroxide (KOH) activation. The studied catalysts, including monometallic Pd/NPC and Ni/NPC, and bimetallic PdNi/NPC, were synthesized and characterized by using several techniques (e.g., scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, nitrogen sorption, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and X-ray diffraction). Their catalytic activity toward partial hydrogenation of palm biodiesel to H-FAME was tested, and the liquid product composition, cloud point, and oxidation stability were determined. The studied catalysts have a high porosity with the S<inf>BET</inf> of approximately 2037.34–2187.96 m2g−1 led to excellent metal dispersion. Although Ni did not show high catalytic activity compared to Pd, Ni incorporated with Pd as PdNi/NPC catalyst significantly increased the cis-C18:1 selectivity and prevented the catalytic deactivation during the partial hydrogenation. The oxidation stability of palm biodiesel feedstock was increased from 13.69 to 17.12 h while the cloud points adversely increased by only 3 degrees from 12 to 15 °C (still lower than 16 °C of the Thai industrial recommendation) with bimetallic PdNi/NPC catalyst. The main benefit of bimetallic PdNi/NPC over monometallic Pd/NPC and Ni/NPC is shown through not only higher C18:2 conversion but also much higher cis-to-trans ratio of C18:1 resulting in higher oxidation stability with acceptable compromise on the cloud point increasing. Consequently, the produced palm H-FAME can be used at a high blend ratio.
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Influence of Acid Additive on Nanoporous Carbon Materials via HTC for Catalyst Support
(2020-01-01)
Longprang, Tripob
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Jaruwat, Dolrudee
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Udomsap, Parncheewa
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Chollacoop, Nuwong
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Eiad-Ua, Apiluck
Nanoporous carbon materials were successfully synthesized via hydrothermal carbonization with acid additives. In this study the effect of hydrothermal temperature (160-200 °C), hydrothermal time (4-24 h) and influence of acid additive (HCl, HNO<inf>3</inf>, H<inf>2</inf>SO<inf>4</inf> and H<inf>3</inf>PO<inf>4</inf>) have been chosen in order to improve the surface structure. The samples have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy, nitrogen sorption, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The experimental results revealed that hydrothermal carbonization process and acid addition have effect on the properties of catalyst support. The results indicated that hydrothermal process at 200°C for 12 h and activation with H<inf>3</inf>PO<inf>4</inf> at 900 °C for 2 h, exhibited the highest surface area, porosity and pore volume leading to increased distribution of metal on the carbon support.
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Transformation of waste marigold flowers into porous carbons via hydrothermal carbonization
(2019-01-01)
Chaiammart, Nattapat
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Wongcharoen, Sittan
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Eiad-Ua, Apiluck
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Ishizaki, Takahiro
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Panomsuwan, Gasidit
Vast quantities of marigold flowers are often discarded as waste at sacred places and temples after religious ceremonies in Thailand. This has motivated us to examine the utilization of waste marigold flowers as a precursor for the synthesis of porous carbons by hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) and pyrolysis. Waste marigold flowers were hydrothermally treated at 180 °C for 2, 12, and 24 h. The resultant hydrochars were subsequently pyrolyzed at 800 °C under argon (Ar) atmosphere. Based on X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy analyses, the samples exhibited an amorphous phase regardless of HTC time. With increasing HTC time, the marigold surface became rougher and more ruptured. This resulted in the development of a porous structure, thereby increasing surface area. The specific surface area of carbon samples increased from 118 to 281 m2 /g with HTC increasing from 2 to 24 h, respectively. Increase of specific surface area mainly resulted from the development of a microporous structure at longer HTC times. Our results offer guidelines to control surface area and porosity through the adjustment of HTC conditions.
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Preparation of monometallic catalysts on carbon support for synthesis of biodiesel fuel
(2019-01-01)
Longprang, Tripob
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Udomsap, Parncheewa
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Chollacoop, Nuwong
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Fuji, Masayoshi
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Eiad-Ua, Apiluck
Monometallic catalysts have been prepared on nano-porous carbon support materials by way of hydrothermal carbonization of Cattail (genus Typha) leaves. The catalysts are for synthesis of biodiesel fuel. This research studied the effect of hydrothermal temperature (at 160-200 °C), reaction time (4-24 h) and the presence of KOH on the activated porosity of a carbon support. Then the type of loaded metal catalyst (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Pb), placed on the carbon support by an impregnation method, was investigated. This led to partial hydrogenation catalytic activity forming biodiesel. The carbonization temperature was studied in the range 500-900 °C for 2 hours. The samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, nitrogen sorption, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The results indicated that the hydrothermal process at 200 °C for 12 hours exhibited the highest surface area, porosity and pore volume. This led to an appropriate distribution of metal on the carbon support surface.
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Fundamental study of carbon materials derived from empty fruit bunch via hydrothermal carbonization
(2018-11-01)
Guntagerng, Kanogpan
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Panomsuwan, Gasidit
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Eiad-Ua, Apiluck
The utilization of biomass has recently gained great attention in recent years owing to growth of global environmental concerns. The aim of this work is to study the morphology of carbon materials derived from biomass oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) via hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) at different temperatures (160-200 °C) and times (4-12 h) followed by carbonization at 300-900 °C under nitrogen atmosphere for 2 h. The physiochemical properties of carbon sample were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy and surface area analysis. The results demonstrated that the increase of hydrothermal temperature, hydrothermal time, and carbonization temperature resulted in the formation of carbon materials with higher surface area, porosity and carbon content. Our results revealed that carbon derived from EFB via HTC at optimal condition exhibited porous structure with high surface area, which can be further applied for absorbent applications.
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Effects of transition metal during the hydrothermal carbonization on characteristics of carbon materials
(2018-09-05)
Sangjumras, Peeranuch
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Udomsap, Parncheewa
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Kaewtrakulchai, Napat
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Eiad-Ua, Apiluck
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Fuji, Masayoshi
Biomass from the agriculture wastes can be transformed to valuable carbon support through hydrothermal carbonization (HTC). In this study, the biomass was hydrothermally treated at 200°C for 24 h in the presence of transition metals as catalysts. Various types of metal-salt solutions comprising of Cu(NO<inf>3</inf>)<inf>2</inf>, Cd(NO<inf>3</inf>)<inf>2</inf>, Fe(NO<inf>3</inf>)<inf>3</inf>, Ni(NO<inf>3</inf>)<inf>2</inf> and Ba(NO<inf>3</inf>)<inf>2</inf> with a concentration of 5 wt% during HTC, were investigated to study their effects on surface functional characteristics and morphological appearance of the synthesized carbons, which were subsequently characterized using FT-IR, and SEM analyses. Furthermore, the remaining metal particles on the synthesized carbon surface were found to be effective for catalytic applications. Thus, HTC of agriculture by-products in combination with the addition of transition metals would be an effective technique to prepare catalysts in a facile way.
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Effect of mixing of carbon support from sawdust and sugarcane bagasse by hydrothermal carbonization for synthesis of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) catalyst
(2018-01-01)
Sumtong, Peerawith
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Goodwin, Vituruch
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Chollacoop, Nuwong
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Eiad-Ua, Apiluck
Molybdenum disulfide (MoS<inf>2</inf> ) catalyst on carbon support from varying ratio of sawdust and sugarcane bagasse has been successfully synthesized by hydrothermal carbonization and calcination process. Hydrothermal carbonization of lignocellulosic structure into carbon support is investigated at 200o C for 24 hr and calcination at 600o C for 2 hr. The precursor of MoS<inf>2</inf> catalyst is prepared using thiourea (CH<inf>4</inf> N<inf>2</inf> S) and ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate ((NH<inf>4</inf> )<inf>6</inf> Mo<inf>7</inf> O<inf>24</inf>. 4H<inf>2</inf> O) loaded on carbon support. The lignocellulosic structure as hemicellulose and cellulose is changed at high temperature via hydrothermal carbonization and calcination. The distribution of molybdenum disulfide on carbon support is varied based on morphology and functional group of carbon support. The morphology and functional group were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). It shows that carbon support at equal ratio (1:1) of sawdust and sugarcane bagasse is an optimum ratio with high distribution of molybdenum disulfide catalyst on carbon support.
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Synthesis of carbon-supported metal catalysts by HTC and electroplating processes from cattail flower
(2016-01-01)
Gunpum, Wachiraporn
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Faungnawakij, Kajornsak
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Viriya-Empikul, Nawin
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Eiad-Ua, Apiluck
Carbon-supported metal (nickel) catalysts has been synthesized from Cattail flower (CF) by two stage processes: hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) and electroplating technique. In the first stage, CF has been transformed in the HTC process with optimized condition at 180°C for 8h. Then the samples have been compressed into the 5 mm-pellet and calcined under nitrogen atmosphere at 900°C for 2 h to active-surface carbon which produced high surface area and good conductivity. In the second stage, the products obtained from HTC were subjected to produce the carbon-supported metal catalysts. Due to the good electrical conductivity of the carbon from HTC process, the metal can be effectively deposited on the carbon surface. Various parameters such as temperature of solution (40-60°C) and voltage (3.0-5.0V) have been studied. The results indicated that the electroplating process of solution temperature 50°C under applied voltages at 4.0V were the optimal conditions produced to mostly metallic phase.

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