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ConvLSTM-based real-time power flow estimation of smart grid with high penetration of uncertain PV considering measurement noise
(2024-04-01)
Senesoulin, Fanta
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Hongesombut, Komsan
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Ngamroo, Issarachai
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Dechanupaprittha, Sanchai
A modern smart grid tends to have increasingly various uncertain renewable generations. Due to different geographical areas and network topology constraints, operations of a smart grid become complicated and challenging. Moreover, using existing methods, power flow estimation in real-time could be time-consuming and computationally expensive. This paper proposes an efficient deep learning approach to estimate real-time power flow solutions of the smart grid with high penetration of uncertain PV generations using synchrophasor data considering measurement noise. The performance and effectiveness of the proposed convolutional long short-term memory (ConvLSTM) with time-series cross-validation technique are examined using synchrophasor data with Gaussian noise in the IEEE 39 bus test system. The proposed ConvLSTM approach shows better robust performance than weighted least square (WLS) state estimation and long short-term memory (LSTM) approaches. In addition, state measurements and confidence intervals are employed to confirm the accuracy of estimated real-time power flow results. The accurate real-time power flow estimation is crucial to determining dynamic available transfer capability (ATC) results and efficient operations of smart grids.
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Enhancing Grid Stability Using a Virtual Inertia-Integrated Railway Power Conditioner in Railway Power Supplies With High Renewable Energy Penetration
(2024-01-01)
Phophongviwat, Teeraphon
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Boonlert, Thunwa
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Hongesombut, Komsan
As electric power systems increasingly integrate Renewable Energy Sources (RESs), the consequent reduction in system inertia has heightened their sensitivity to disturbances, such as sudden load changes. This issue is especially relevant in railway power supply systems, which are evolving to be dominated by RESs. Traditional solutions, including Railway Power Conditioners (RPCs), primarily address unbalanced loads and reactive power compensation but offer limited frequency support. This paper introduces a Virtual Inertia-Integrated Railway Power Conditioner (VIIRPC), a novel solution that enhances traditional RPCs with Energy Storage Systems (ESS) to provide critical virtual inertia support, thereby addressing the critical gap in frequency stability amidst the evolving energy landscape of railway systems. Utilizing a current source-based model, the VIIRPC effectively extends inertia support from two-phase systems to balanced three-phase systems at the Point of Common Coupling (PCC). This achievement is realized by dividing a virtual inertia signal and integrating it into both sides of the RPC control loop, while respecting each side's signal orientation. Simulations have been conducted to verify the operation under different loading conditions, including a 4-minute headway train schedule, under both conventional and low-inertia grid conditions. These results demonstrate that the VIIRPC outperforms traditional RPCs by enhancing frequency stability and maintaining conventional functionalities. This advancement is particularly significant for modern, RES-dominated railway power supplies, especially in remote areas with RES-based power sources and low short-circuit levels at the PCC.
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Technical Assessment of Reusing Retired Electric Vehicle Lithium-Ion Batteries in Thailand
(2023-06-01)
Phophongviwat, Teeraphon
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Polmai, Sompob
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Maneeinn, Chaitouch
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Hongesombut, Komsan
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Sivalertporn, Kanchana
A rapid growth in electric vehicles has led to a massive number of retired batteries in the transportation sector after 8–10 years of use. However, retired batteries retain over 60% of their original capacity and can be employed in less demanding electric vehicles or stationary energy storage systems. As a result, the management of end-of-life electric vehicles has received increased attention globally over the last decade due to their environmental and economic benefits. This work presents knowledge and technology for retired electric vehicle batteries that are applicable to the Thai context, with a particular focus on a case study of a retired lithium-ion battery from the Nissan X-Trail Hybrid car. The disassembled battery modules are designed for remanufacturing in small electric vehicles and repurposing in energy storage systems. The retired batteries were tested in a laboratory under high C-rate conditions (10C, 20C, and 30C) to examine the limitations of the batteries’ ability to deliver high current to electric vehicles during the driving operation. In addition, the electric motorcycle conversion has also been studied by converting the gasoline engine to an electric battery system. Finally, the prototypes were tested both in the laboratory and in real-world use. The findings of this study will serve as a guideline for the sorting and assessment of retired lithium-ion batteries from electric vehicles, as well as demonstrate the technical feasibility of reusing retired batteries in Thailand.
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Small-signal analysis of multiple virtual synchronous machines to enhance frequency stability of grid-connected high renewables
(2021-04-01)
Kerdphol, Thongchart
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Rahman, Fathin Saifur
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Watanabe, Masayuki
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Mitani, Yasunori
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Hongesombut, Komsan
The virtual synchronous machine technology is considered as an important technique to effectively control the shortcomings of renewable energy-based power electronics interfaces, providing backup inertia and regulating grid stability. Conventionally, the virtual synchronous machine with a large capacity is responsible for controlling the entire grid stability against renewable penetration. It is usually operated as a centralised control system. But what if virtual synchronous machines with small capacities are independently operated by their additional droop control schemes, and will they present better performance than the single virtual synchronous machine? This study proposes the multiple virtual synchronous machine system with different active power-frequency (P-f) droop characteristics to improve inertia support regarding frequency stability improvement. The comprehensive small-signal modelling of the multiple virtual synchronous machine unit is designed to include the additional P-f droop characteristics. Then, the dynamic characteristics (steady-state and transient responses) and static stability of the multiple virtual synchronous machines are compared with the single virtual synchronous machine at the same rated capacity in both eigenvalue/sensitivity-domain and time-domain analysis. The obtained results reveal that the system with the presence of several virtual synchronous machines is more stable than the system with single virtual synchronous machine, maintaining stable and secure system operation during the contingency.
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Electrostatic Properties and Ions Elimination Effect of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Adhesive Tape Manufacturing
(2020-03-01)
Jenbanphue, Tatsanee
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Hongesombut, Komsan
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Jitkajornwanich, Kulsawasd
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Srisonphan, Siwapon
Electrostatic discharges (ESD) can release large amounts of energy to products and humans, causing product failure and pain, respectively. In this research, we elucidate the electrostatic charge generation, and discharge phenomena in real polyvinyl chloride (PVC) based electrical tape factory, which is primarily operated by the roll to roll manufacturing process. We perform the electrostatic potential measurement to identify the critical process of charge generation and to eliminate static charge at the source in order to prevent incidents caused by electrostatic discharge to operators or staff in the winding process. We also perform a numerical simulation-based finite element method (FEM) that provides modeling of an induced electric field, allowing the electrostatic discharge. The maximum potential is ~20 kV measured at 25 mm, indicating that the meter was induced by the electric field approximately ~0.8 MV/m, corresponding to surface charges density is ~ 10 μC/m<sup>2</sup>. Therefore, we introduced the ionization emitter bar in this case because it is feasible to install to the current infrastructure of the tested factory. The ionization emitter appears to reduce the electrostatic charge deposited on the PVC surface ~ 30% of the original charges. Therefore, installing a charge-dissipation technology at a proper location or combining with other methods, the electrostatic charge generation can be minimized even in roll to roll process.
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PSO-based learning of support vector machines for adaptive TCSC
(2012-06-12)
Pahasa, Jonglak
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Hongesombut, Komsan
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Ngamroo, Issarachai
This paper proposes the design of an adaptive thyristor controlled series capacitor (TCSC) using support vector machines (SVMs) and particle swarm optimization (PSO). The SVMs for an adaptive TCSC are trained by the data obtained from a multi-machine power system. PSO is used to optimize the SVM parameters based on k-fold cross-validation technique. The TCSC parameters produced by SVMs can be adapted by various operating conditions. Simulation results in a two-area four-machine power system demonstrate that the proposed SVMs for an adaptive TCSC is much superior to the conventional TCSC with fixed parameters under various operating conditions.
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Application of power line communication with OFDM to smart grid system
(2011-10-06)
Maneerung, Amarisa
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Sittichivapak, Suvepon
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Hongesombut, Komsan
Recently, power distribution grid is moving toward a smart grid where energy generation is decentralized and the grid adapts to demands. Due to the most cost-effective way for two-way communication, the use of power line distribution grid for data communication of smart meters has gained higher interests by utility companies. This paper presents the smart grid system with power line communication (PLC). The system serves as the communication infrastructure linking smart meters through the PLC network. The characteristics of PLC multipath channel and the noise model are presented. The smart meters and PLC are modeled based on the actual distribution grid data to set the model for analyzing the feasibility and performance of a smart grid. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) modulation technique is used to improve better performance and higher efficiency. Simulation results on different loading conditions have confirmed the performance of OFDM when operating in a power line channel in smart grid system. © 2011 IEEE.
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Design and analysis of robust SMES controller for stability enhancement of interconnected power system taking coil size into consideration
(2009-01-01)
Dechanupaprittha, Sanchai
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Sakamoto, Naotoshi
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Hongesombut, Komsan
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Watanabe, Masayuki
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Mitani, Yasunori
In power applications, efficiency and effectiveness of SMES with proper control are promising and highly remarkable, however, quite costly. Accordingly, optimum design and utilization are essentially needed. This paper presents the design and analysis of robust SMES controller for stability enhancement of interconnected power system taking coil size into consideration. With lead/lag controller structure, parameters of robust SMES controller can be optimized by a metaheuristic method; meanwhile, a multiplicative uncertainty is included in the design to cope with system uncertainties. Lastly, aiming at achieving optimum design and utilization, robust controllers for SMES with different coil sizes are examined to investigate performance and robustness under different situations via simulation studies. © 2009 IEEE.
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Incorporating ObjectStab library and fuzzy logic toolbox for design of power system damping controller
(2008-12-26)
Ngamroo, Issarachai
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Somritvanitcha, Boonrat
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Hongesombut, Komsan
ObjectStab is a general purpose simulation tool for power system stability studies developed by Modelica which is an object-oriented modeling language. It provides enough modeling flexibility to allow addition or modification of new power system components. This article describes an incorporated use of ObjectStab library and fuzzy logic toolbox in Matlab/Simulink to enhance the application of this library into fuzzy control design environment. The example provided here is the modeling of the static synchronous series compensator (SSSC) which is the new device developed in the ObjectStab. In addition, the interface of ObjectStab with Matlab/Simulink for an SSSC damping controller design by fuzzy logic toolbox is explained step by step. In fuzzy control design, a simple approach to extract membership functions and fuzzy logic control rules based on observed signals is presented. Simulation studies in a two-area four-generator power system confirm the effectiveness of the fuzzy controller of SSSC designed by the incorporated use of ObjectStab and fuzzy logic toolbox. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals Inc.
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A practical design of a fuzzy SMES controller based on synchronized phasor measurement for interconnected power systems
(2008-04-23)
Dechanupaprittha, Sanchai
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Hongesombut, Komsan
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Watanabe, Masayuki
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Mitani, Yasunori
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Ngamroo, Issarachai
Recently, fuzzy logic control has widely received attention in various power system applications, despite difficulties of obtaining its control rules and membership functions. Nowadays, power systems consist of multiple areas where load variations with abrupt changes always exist, and proper control rules and membership functions could hardly be achieved. This paper proposes a practical design of fuzzy logic controllers for superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) based on a wide area synchronized phasor measurement for enhancing the stability of an interconnected power system. Moreover, a heuristic method is applied for determining control rules and membership functions. The estimated model is determined via a simplified oscillation model for detection and assessment of an approximated inter-area oscillation mode. Finally, some simulation studies based on a two-area four-machine power system are carried out to examine the performance and effectiveness of the designed fuzzy SMES controller. Copyright 2008 The Berkeley Electronic Press. All rights reserved.

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