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Low-voltage low-pass and band-pass elliptic filters based on log-domain approach suitable for biosensors
(2019-12-02)
Prommee, Pipat
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Wongprommoon, Natapong
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Kumngern, Montree
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Jaikla, Winai
This research proposes bipolar junction transistor (BJT)-based log-domain high-order elliptic ladder low-pass (LPF) and band-pass filters (BPF) using a lossless differentiator and lossless and lossy integrators. The log-domain lossless differentiator was realized by using seven BJTs and one grounded capacitor, the lossy integrator using five BJTs and one grounded capacitor, and the lossless integrator using seven BJTs and one grounded capacitor. The simplified signal flow graph (SFG) of the elliptic ladder LPF consisted of two lossy integrators, one lossless integrator, and one lossless differentiator, while that of the elliptic ladder BPF contained two lossy integrators, five lossless integrators, and one lossless differentiator. Log-domain cells were directly incorporated into the simplified SFGs. Simulations were carried out using PSpice with transistor array HFA3127. The proposed filters are operable in a low-voltage environment and are suitable for mobile equipment and further integration. The log-domain principle enables the frequency responses of the filters to be electronically tunable between 10k Hz–10 MHz. The proposed filters are applicable for low-frequency biosensors by reconfiguring certain capacitors. The filters can efficiently remove low-frequency noise and random noise in the electrocardiogram (ECG) signal.
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0.5 V Universal Filter Based on Multiple-Input FDDAs
(2019-12-01)
Khateb, Fabian
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Kumngern, Montree
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Kulej, Tomasz
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Psychalinos, Costas
This brief presents a universal filter based on multiple-input fully differential difference amplifier (FDDA) that is suitable for extremely low-power low-voltage applications. The filter employs three FDDAs, eight resistors, four capacitors and can provide low-pass, band-pass, high-pass, band-stop and all-pass voltage responses. Thanks to the utilization of the multiple-input MOS transistor technique, one differential pair with an arbitrary number of inputs is required for constructing the FDDA. Therefore, unlike the previously published FDDA-based universal filters, the proposed filter has the simplest CMOS structure with less power consumption than those already published in the literature. The filter operates with 0.5 V, consumes 740 nW and exhibits rail-to-rail input common mode range. The dynamic range of the BP filter is 73 dB for 1% third intermodulation distortion. The circuit was designed in Cadence/Spectre environment using the TSMC 0.18 µm CMOS process design kit, and the simulation results confirm the advantages of the proposed filter.
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0.5 V sixth-order Chebyshev band-pass filter based on multiple-input bulk-driven OTA
(2019-11-01)
Kumngern, Montree
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Kulej, Tomasz
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Stopjakova, Viera
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Khateb, Fabian
This paper presents a low-voltage sixth-order Chebyshev band-pass filter based on multiple-input operational transconductance amplifier (MI-OTA). The used voltage supply is 0.5 V and the filter employs six MI-OTAs and six capacitors. The third intermodulation distortion (3rd IMD) is below 1% for input sine wave signal with peak-to-peak up to rail-to-rail while the dynamic range (DR) is 66.8 dB. In order to insure low-voltage operation capability, extended linear range, increased voltage gain of the MI-OTA, the multiple-input bulk-driven transistor (MIBD) along with self-cascode techniques have been used. As a result, the proposed MI-OTA based on MIBD is capable to work with 0.5 V supply voltage and consumes power in the range of (2.5–1.2E3) nW for tunable bias current in the range from 1 nA to 500 nA. The MI-OTA and the filter circuits were designed and simulated in Cadence/Spectre environment using 0.18 µm CMOS process from TSMC. The simulation results agree well with theory and confirm the filter functionality.
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CMOS programmable full-wave rectifier using current conveyor analogue switches
(2019-11-01)
Nonthaputha, Thanat
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Kumngern, Montree
This paper presents a new simply full-wave rectifier in voltage and current mode employing two second generation current conveyors (CCIIs) that can be programmed. The different of bias currents has been used for the CCIIs operating. They are biased currents that are used to controlled by on-off, the so call 'current conveyor analog switches (CCASs)'. So, the different of bias currents is used to control the output by programme that the input alternative voltage and current signal is supplied. They will be rectified into two symmetrical voltage and current outputs. The proposed full-wave rectifier can be simultaneously realized to full-wave in voltage and current modes. The proposed full-wave rectifier circuit has been simulated using 0.18 μm CMOS from TSMC. The simulation results are used to confirm the workability of the proposed circuit.
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Arbitrary Waveform Generators Using Current-Controlled Current Conveyor Transconductance Amplifier and Current Conveyor Analog Switches
(2019-10-01)
Kumngern, Montree
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Nonthaputha, Thanat
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Khateb, Fabian
This paper presents a new amplitude modulation (AM), frequency modulation (FM), amplitude shift keying (ASK), frequency shift keying (FSK), phase shift keying (PSK) and quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) waveform generators using current current-controlled conveyor transconductance amplifier (CCCTA) and current conveyor analog switches (CCASs). The CCCTA around with capacitors and resistors are used to generate high-frequency carrier which is worked as a quadrature oscillator. The oscillating frequency of oscillator can be controlled using the bias current of CCCTA, therefore FM and FSK waveforms can be obtained by applying information signal through the bias current of CCCTA. Unlike previous waveform generators, proposed circuit uses second generation current conveyor (CCII) to work as CCAS and AM, ASK, PSK and QAM waveforms can be obtained by putting information signals to control switches that realized using CCIIs. The proposed circuit has been simulated using 0.18μm CMOS n-well process from TSMC. The simulation results are used to confirm workability of the proposed circuit.
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Comparative performance study of multiple-input bulk-driven and multiple-input bulk-driven quasi-floating-gate DDCCs
(2019-08-01)
Khateb, Fabian
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Kulej, Tomasz
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Kumngern, Montree
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Jaikla, Winai
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Ranjan, Rajeev Kumar
This brief presents a comparative performance study of two recently presented techniques, the multiple-input bulk-driven (MI-BD) and the multiple-input bulk-driven quasi-floating-gate (MI-BD-QFG) MOS transistors (MOST). These techniques offer simplified CMOS structures of specific active elements and ensure near rail-to-rail operation capability under extremely low-voltage supply and reduced power consumption. However, to clarify the pros and cons of each technique, two Differential Difference Current Conveyors (DDCC) using MI-BD and MI-BD-QFG are compared. For the purpose of comparison, theoretical analysis such as small-signal model, open-loop gain, terminal resistances, gain bandwidth product, input referred thermal noise and maximum input range of the DDCCs are included. Furthermore, in order to provide a fair performance comparison both of the DDCCs is supplied with 0.4 V and consume same power 140 nW. The DDCCs were fabricated in a standard n-well 0.18 µm CMOS process from TSMC and hence the results are confirmed theoretically and experimentally.
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Current-mode universal filter and quadrature oscillator using current controlled current follower transconductance amplifiers
(2019-08-15)
Kumngern, Montree
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Khateb, Fabian
This paper presents a new current-mode quadrature oscillator and universal filter that employs two current controlled current follower transconductance amplifiers and two grounded capacitors. The proposed circuit can be realized either as a quadrature oscillator or as a universal filter without changing circuit topology. In case the circuit works as a quadrature oscillator, the condition and the frequency of oscillation can be independently and electronically controlled. Four-phase quadrature current outputs and two-phase quadrature voltage outputs can also be obtained. In case the circuit works as a universal filter, low-pass, high-pass, band-pass, band-stop and all-pass filtering functions can be obtained simultaneously by appropriately selecting the input and output signals. The natural frequency and the quality factor of filter can also be obtained independently and electronically. PSPICE simulation results are used to verify the workability of the new topology.
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CMOS class AB second generation voltage conveyor
(2019-09-01)
Kumngern, Montree
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Torteanchai, Usa
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Khateb, Fabian
This paper presents a class AB second generation voltage conveyor. This device is designed to obtain the current buffer as input stage and is followed by the voltage buffer in monolithic chip. A class AB technique to obtaining high signal swing, high dynamic range, high bandwidth and low power consumption has been used. The proposed circuit is <sup>s</sup>imulated using SPICE simulations with a standard 0.18 μ m CMOS process and with ± 0.9V supply.
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0.4 V fully differential current conveyor using multiple-input bulk-driven MOST technique
(2019-08-01)
Kumngern, Montree
This paper presents a new ultra-low voltage ultra-low power fully differential current conveyor (FDCCII) which is suitable for extremely low-voltage low-power analog signal circuit applications. Thanks to multiple-input bulk-driven MOS transistor technique, the proposed structure employs two differential pairs which offer low complexity and low power consumption. The bulk-driven MOS technique based circuit also provides rail-to-rail input common-mode range of proposed circuit. To prove the workability of the proposed FDCCII, the circuit has been used to realize summing/subtracting amplifier as design examples. The performances of the proposed FDCCII and design examples are demonstrated through PSPICE simulations using a 0.18 μm TSMC n-well CMOS process with 0.4 V supply voltage.
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Voltage/current-mode universal filter using single FDCCII
(2019-07-01)
Jongchanachavawat, Wirote
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Kumngern, Montree
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Lerkvaranyu, Somkiat
This paper presents a new voltage/current-mode universal filter using single fully differential second generation current conveyor (FDCCII). The topology can be realized both voltage and current-mode filters such as low-pass, band-pass, high-pass, band-stop and all-pass filtering functions without changing circuit topology. The circuit employs one FDCCII, two capacitors and two resistors. The performance of proposed circuit is confirmed using PSPICE simulations with a standard 0.35 \mum CMOS process.

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