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Author: search.filters.author.Leung, Anthony KwanSubject: search.filters.subject.Cellulose

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    Dynamic changes in cellulose content and biomechanical properties of mycorrhizal roots during growth and decay
    (2023-09-01)
    Kamchoom, Viroon
    ;
    Chen, Xun Wen
    ;
    Leung, Anthony Kwan
    ;
    Sakolpanya, Tapakorn
    ;
    Srinil, Chortham
    Aims: Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi have been found to increase plant biomass, cellulose content, and the associated root biomechanical properties, but little is known about how AM fungi affect the in situ root decay process in terms of the changes in the chemical and biomechanical properties. Methods: In this study, we inoculated AM fungi to Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon L.) and measured the biomass, the contents of cellulose and lignin, and the biomechanical properties, including tensile strength and Young’s modulus of the grass roots as they grew for 180 days and then decayed for 360 days after burning or for 60 days after the herbicide application. Results: Results show that the AM fungi accelerated the accumulation of grass biomass and root cellulose content compared with non-mycorrhizal grass during the growth period. This effect of AM fungi made mycorrhizal grass generally maintained more biomass and cellulose content than non-mycorrhizal grass at every decaying stage. Inoculation of the AM fungi did not significantly change the root tensile strength or Young’s modulus, but it altered the correlations between tensile strength and root diameter, and Young’s modulus and root diameter. Mycorrhizal effects during the root decaying process appeared to diminish under herbicide treatment, compared with normal growth and burning treatments. Conclusion: Our study highlights the important role of AM fungi in maintaining in situ root biomass (a proxy for carbon content) from decaying or decomposing.
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    Biomechanical properties of the growing and decaying roots of Cynodon dactylon
    (2022-02-01)
    Kamchoom, Viroon
    ;
    Boldrin, David
    ;
    Leung, Anthony Kwan
    ;
    Sookkrajang, Chanakan
    ;
    Likitlersuang, Suched
    Aim: Root growth and decay may affect root reinforcement to soil erosion and stability. We measured the effects of growth and decay on the tensile strength of Cynodon dactylon roots considering different causes of mortality common to agricultural land conversion (i.e. burning and herbicide application). Method: We applied three treatments to C. dactylon grass: (i) growth duration (60, 120 and 180 days), (ii) decay duration after burning (30, 60, 120, 180 and 360 days) and (iii) decay duration after herbicide application (15, 30 and 60 days). The diameter, tensile strength and cellulose and lignin contents of root samples (n = 303) in different treatments were measured. Results: Tensile strength–diameter relations followed a negative power law regardless of treatment (R<sup>2</sup> > 0.6). The increase in median tensile strength values due to grass growth was consistent with the increase in cellulose and lignin contents. Root decay by herbicide application caused significantly greater and faster reduction in tensile strength than burning treatment because of the faster reduction of cellulose and lignin contents. Conclusion: Root decay due to different causes of plant mortality can increase susceptibility to erosion and slope instability during the conversion of agricultural land. Measures on slope safety and erosion are vital when using herbicides for weed clearance in farmlands due to the faster deterioration of root chemical composition and root tensile strength (compared with burning).