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    Fabrications of Low-Cost Poly(methyl methacrylate) Microfluidic Devices for Precise Passive Flow Control
    (2024-01-01)
    Kaewtae, Wattana
    ;
    Tanasapsakul, Warinthorn
    ;
    Pattamang, Pattaraluck
    ;
    Ranron, Norabadee
    ;
    Sripumkhai, Witsaroot
    Microfluidics serve as effective platforms for conducting point-of-care diagnostics and biochemical assays which require precise control over flow rates and incubation times. To enable their uses in resource-limited settings, a pump-free approach is essential for driving fluid flow within the microfluidics. In this study, we introduced cost-effective methodologies for fabricating poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)-based microfluidic devices driven passively by capillary pressure. We explored three fabrication techniques including two-layer CNC micro-milling, two-layer laser engraving, and three-layer laser cutting. Among these methods, three-layer laser cutting proved to be the most reproducible method, yielding devices with consistent channel dimensions and contact angles. Consequently, this fabrication technique enables better control over flow rates within microfluidic systems. Our findings demonstrate the feasibility of fabricating low-cost, pump-free microfluidic devices for precise flow control, with potential applications in disease detection and biomedical research.
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    Development of a Serological Dilution Microfluidic Chip for Immunoassay Applications
    (2022-07-01)
    Thienthong, Therdthai
    ;
    Juntasaro, Ekachai
    ;
    Khemthongcharoen, Numfon
    ;
    Sripumkhai, Witsaroot
    ;
    Houngkamhang, Nongluck
    This work aims to develop a multiple dilution microfluidic chip that is capable of diluting the human serum by means of two-fold dilution for seven levels from 1:2 to 1:128 with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) buffer. The dilution in this work is processed in parallel in order to reduce the accumulated errors that the standard pipetting technique generates in the micro-well plate. The serum and PBS buffer are precisely delivered to the micromixers by controlling their flow rates. The dilution is achieved by the passive mixing process for which the serpentine geometry is designed in order to continually generate the Dean vortices along the serpentine microchannel to effectively mix serum and PBS buffer in the microfluidic chip. The prototype of this multiple dilution microfluidic chip is fabricated by using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The dilution-in-parallel capability of this prototype is validated by using the UV-vis absorption method. The results reveal that the measured values of the seven dilution ratios obtained are in good agreement with the exact values. Finally, this prototype is evaluated for serological MOG-IgG detection in order to verify the reliable operation of this multiple dilution microfluidic chip. The prototype can successfully detect MOG-IgG at all volume concentration ratios.
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    Mixing-performance evaluation of a multiple dilution microfluidic chip for a human serum dilution process
    (2021-09-30)
    Thienthong, Therdthai
    ;
    Juntasaro, Ekachai
    ;
    Sripumkhai, Witsaroot
    ;
    Houngkamhang, Nongluck
    ;
    Chanasakulniyom, Mayuree
    This paper is aimed to propose a numerically designed multiple dilution microfluidic chip that can simultaneously deliver several serum dilutions in parallel. The passive mixing scheme is selected for dilution and achieved by the serpentine mixing channel in which Dean vortices are induced to increase the contact area and time for better diffusion. The mixing performance at the exit of this dilution chip is numerically evaluated using five commonly-used mixing indices with the goal that the homogeneity of the mixture over the exit cross-sectional area of the mixing channel must be greater than 93.319% to fulfill the six-sigma quality control.