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Author: search.filters.author.Phankokkruad, ManopSubject: search.filters.subject.Morphology

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    Mechanical, Thermal and Morphological Properties of Poly(Lactic Acid) and Poly(Butylene Adipate-co-Terephthalate) Blends with Organoclay
    (2022-01-01)
    Wacharawichanant, Sirirat
    ;
    Wongpan, Krittaphorn
    ;
    Aksornnam, Khunpat
    ;
    Phankokkruad, Manop
    This work studied the effect of nanoclay surface modified with 25-30 wt% of methyl dihydroxyethyl hydrogenated tallow ammonium (Clay-DHA) on morphological, mechanical and thermal properties of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) blends. The PLA/PBAT (75/25 w/w) blends without and with Clay-DHA were melt mixed by an internal mixer and molded by compression method. The morphological analysis observed the phase separation of PLA/PBAT blends due to minor PBAT phase dispersed as spherical shape in PLA phase, indicating a poor interfacial adhesion between PLA and PBAT phases. The incorporation of Clay-DHA could improve the compatibility of polymer blends. The tensile testing found that the addition of Clay-DHA 1 and 3 phr increased Young’s modulus of PLA/PBAT blends. The addition of Clay-DHA decreased the strain at break of PLA/PBAT blends. The thermal degradation of PLA/PBAT blends and composites showed the similar thermal degradation process step. The addition of Clay-DHA was no effect on thermal stability and thermal properties of PLA/PBAT blends.
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    Morphology and properties of poly(lactic acid)/ethylene-octene copolymer blends with different organoclay types
    (2020-01-01)
    Wacharawichanant, Sirirat
    ;
    Sriwattana, Attachai
    ;
    Yaisoon, Kulaya
    ;
    Phankokkruad, Manop
    This work studied the morphology, mechanical and thermal properties of poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/ethylene-octene copolymer (EOC) (80/20) blends with different organoclay types. Herein, EOC was introduced to toughening PLA by melt blending and organoclay was used to improve compatibility and tensile properties of the blends. The two organoclay types were nanoclay surface modified with aminopropyltriethoxysilane 0.5-5 wt% and octadecylamine 15-35% (Clay-ASO) and nanoclay surface modified with dimethyl dialkyl (C14-C18) amine 35-45 wt% (Clay-DDA). The organoclay contents were 3, 5 and 7 phr. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation results revealed PLA/EOC blends demonstrated a two-phase separation of dispersed EOC phase and PLA matrix phase. The addition of organoclay significantly improved the compatibility between PLA and EOC phases due to EOC droplet size decreased dominantly in PLA matrix, so organoclay could act as an effective compatibilizer. The incorporation of organoclay increased significantly tensile strength of PLA/EOC/organoclay composites while Young’s modulus increased with 5 phr of organoclay. The thermal stability of PLA/EOC blends did not change when compared with neat PLA, and when added Clay-ASO in the blends could improve the thermal stability of the PLA/EOC blends.
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    Morphology and mechanical properties of poly(Lactic acid) with propylene-ethylene copolymer and α-cellulose
    (2019-01-01)
    Wacharawichanant, Sirirat
    ;
    Opasakornwong, Patteera
    ;
    Poohoi, Ratchadakorn
    ;
    Phankokkruad, Manop
    This work studied the improvement of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) properties by adding propylene-ethylene copolymer (PEC) and α-cellulose (AC). The PLA blends and composites were melt mixed by an internal mixer and molded by compression method. The morphological analysis observed the phase separation of PLA/PEC blends due to minor PEC phase dispersed as spherical shape in PLA phase, indicating a poor interfacial adhesion between PLA and PEC phases. The incorporation of AC did not improve the compatibility of polymer blends. Young’s modulus and tensile strength of PLA blends reduced with increasing amount of PEC because the elastics of ethylene molecules in PEC structure. Young’s modulus of PLA/PEC/AC composites increased with increasing AC contents. The stress at break of the PLA/PEC blends was improved with the presence of AC. The strain at break of PLA/PEC blends increased with increasing PEC contents, and the presence of AC showed the decrease of strain at break of PLA/PEC blends.
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    Mechanical properties and phase morphology of poly(lactic acid)/acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber/organoclay nanocomposites prepared by melt blending
    (2018-01-01)
    Wacharawichanant, Sirirat
    ;
    Chomphunoi, Kasana
    ;
    Wisuttrakarn, Chawisa
    ;
    Phankokkruad, Manop
    This work investigated the mechanical properties and phase morphology of poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) blends and nanocomposites, which prepared by melt blending in an internal mixer. The contents of NBR were 5, 10, 15 and 20 wt% and the content of organoclay was 3 phr. The impact test showed that the impact strength of PLA/NBR blends increased with an increase of NBR content and the impact strength of the blends was more than eight times by adding NBR 10 wt% when compared with neat PLA. The tensile test showed that Young's modulus and tensile strength of PLA/NBR blends and nanocomposites decreased after adding NBR and organoclay. While the strain at break of the NBR blends increased with increasing NBR content. This result is attributed to the rubber phase in NBR in a cause the increment of elongation and elasticity in PLA/NBR blends. The morphology of PLA/NBR blends observed the fractured surface was rougher than that of pure PLA. This observation indicates that the addition of NBR in PLA can change the brittle fracture of PLA to ductile fracture, which has an effect to the strain at break or elongation of PLA. However, the morphology of the PLA/NBR blends were also observed the phase separation of the dispersed NBR phase and PLA matrix phase, and appeared the voids in a polymer matrix. The addition of organoclay had an effect slightly on the morphology of the blends. From X-ray diffraction, results found that PLA/organoclay and PLA/NBR/organoclay nanocomposites showed the intercalated structure, which PLA chains were inserted into the interlayer of clay due to the increase of d-spacing.
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    Morphological analysis of particles in transmission electron microscopy image using image processing
    (2013-10-08)
    Phankokkruad, Manop
    ;
    Sirirat, Wacharawichanant
    The analysis of material particles in the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image is the most important in the development and synthesis of the new materials for application in many fields. Manual identification is the hard work, spent a lot of time and inaccurate method. To solve this problem, the image processing is proposed for automatically identifies the material particles boundary and size in TEM images in or order to extract the useful data. The image processing method has been experimented on variety of TEM images and very promising results have been achieved given more accuracy. Experimental results show that the proposed method gave the high adaptability, more accurate and rapidly than the manual method. © (2013) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.