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    Blockchain-based Learning Credential Revision and Revocation Method
    (2020-10-07)
    San, Aye Mi
    ;
    Chotikakamthorn, Nopporn
    ;
    Sathitwiriyawong, Chanboon
    Many blockchain-based learning credential systems have been proposed to reduce fraud and improve verification efficiency. In addition to a method for issuing and verifying credentials, a solution is needed to support the revision and revocation of an issued credential record. For the case of learning credentials, depending on how a revocation policy affects credential use that occurred before the revocation date, an additional mechanism may be needed for credential revision. Current digital learning credential methods offer only a revocation mechanism. So they do not fully meet such unique requirement in the education context. In this paper, a blockchain-based method for learning credential revision and revocation is proposed. It makes use of the revision and revocation addresses assigned to each batch of issuing credentials. To revise (revoke) one or more credentials, the proposed method stores the revision (revocation) list as a message in the OP_RETURN field of the revision (revocation) transaction, with the revision (revocation) address as one of its outputs. The concept of a local credential id has been introduced to allow a revision (revocation) list to be efficiently stored on a blockchain system. It is based entirely on a blockchain system and does not require any centralized authority. It is also applicable to most blockchain systems. A comparative study of the proposed method against existing credential revocation methods is also provided.
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    Blockchain-based Learning Credential Verification System with Recipient Privacy Control
    (2019-12-01)
    San, Aye Mi
    ;
    Chotikakamthorn, Nopporn
    ;
    Sathitwiriyawong, Chanboon
    Various forms of learning credentials play an important role in society. For example, a degree certificate is usually required to apply for many jobs. Currently, paper-based learning credentials such as diploma or degree certificates are still widely used. However, proof of such credentials' authenticity has become increasingly more difficult in recently years due to availability of low-cost desktop publishing tools. Recently, a blockchain-based digital certificate issuing and verification system has been proposed to address these problems. However, existing blockchain-based certification verification solutions have a few shortcomings in common. One of them is the lack of mechanism to control the amount of information and anonymity exposed during the verification process. This paper proposed a blockchain-based learning credential verification system, where a} {credential recipient can control the amount of credential-related information to be exposed during the verification process. The proposed solution makes use of a Merkle tree to encode causal relationship among pieces of information the credential is composed of. The abstract data model built on top of the binary Merkle tree has been proposed so that a recipient can choose to disclose part of the credential information, including the recipient profile. This means it is possible for credential verification to be performed anonymously. This can be achieved without increasing blockchain transaction cost and complexity. Example of use case scenarios that require such anonymous verification are described.