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    High piezoelectric activity in lead-free BaTiO3-BaZrO3-CaTiO3 ceramics with near polymorphic phase boundary
    (2019-01-02)
    Sutapun, Manoon
    ;
    Vittayakorn, Naratip
    Lead-free 0.88BaTiO<inf>3</inf>–(0.12-x)BaZrO<inf>3</inf>–xCaTiO<inf>3</inf> (BT-BZ-xCT) ceramics were fabricated via solid state reaction. The effect of CaTiO<inf>3</inf> content on crystal structure, phase transition, and electrical properties was investigated systematically. The crystal structure and phase transition of ceramics were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectra and dielectric measurement. Results show that ceramic in the composition, x = 0.02, exhibits a rhombohedral structure. Ceramics with increasing CT content transformed from a rhombohedral to orthorhombic structure in the composition, x = 0.04, and eventually became a tetragonal structure at the composition, x ≥ 0.08. The polymorphic phase boundary (PPB) was observed at the composition, x = 0.06, with coexistence of orthorhombic and tetragonal phases showing at almost room temperature. This PPB composition exhibited a high piezoelectric response (d<inf>33</inf>*) of 1,150 pm/V at 10 kV/cm as an electric field was applied. These results indicate that the materials studied have potential as candidates for lead-free piezoelectric ceramics.
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    CaTiO3 induced ferroelectric phase coexistence and low temperature dielectric relaxation in BaTiO3–BaZrO3 ceramics
    (2018-05-01)
    Sutapun, Manoon
    ;
    Charoonsuk, Thitirat
    ;
    Kolodiazhnyi, Taras
    ;
    Vittayakorn, Naratip
    The series of 0.86BaTiO<inf>3</inf>–(0.14−x)BaZrO<inf>3</inf>–xCaTiO<inf>3</inf> (abbreviated as BT–BZ–xCT) ceramics with 0.03 ≤ x ≤ 0.11 were studied to obtain high piezoelectric properties. Rietveld refinement analysis indicated that the BT–BZ–CT compositions follow a gradual rhombohedral (R) → orthorhombic (O) + R → O + tetragonal (T) → T phase transformation with increasing x. Clear evidence of the series of ferroelectric phase transitions was also found in the dielectric results. The R-O and O-T transition temperature shifted close to ambient temperature, while the Curie temperature slightly increased with increasing x. In addition to the dielectric loss peaks associated with the structural phase transitions, a broad low-temperature dielectric loss peak was detected in the R phase at T = 90-150 K. This dielectric relaxation was attributed to the domain wall freezing and fits well to the Vogel-Fulcher model with activation energy E<inf>a</inf> ≈ 60-300 meV and freezing temperature T<inf>VF</inf> ≈ 75-140 K. High piezoelectric strain coefficient (d<inf>33</inf>*) of about 1030 pm/V at 10 kV was achieved at x = 0.07, and a high Curie temperature (T<inf>C</inf>) was maintained at about 375 K.
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    High piezoelectric response in the new coexistent phase boundary of 0.87BaTiO3-(0.13-x)BaZrO3-xCaTiO3
    (2015-12-05)
    Sutapun, Manoon
    ;
    Vittayakorn, Wanwilai
    ;
    Muanghlua, Rangson
    ;
    Vittayakorn, Naratip
    An investigation of the coexistent ferroelectric phase was carried out on the ternary system of 0.87BaTiO<inf>3</inf>-(0.13-x)BaZrO<inf>3</inf>-xCaTiO<inf>3</inf> [abbreviated as BT-BZ-xCT (where 0.00≤x≤0.13)]. Temperature-, frequency-dependent dielectric data, electric field-dependent strain and polarization as a function of composition are presented in order to understand the relationships of structure-properties and find the high piezoelectric response in this system. Results showed that ceramics in the composition range of 0.00≤x<0.04 were of a rhombohedral structure and transformed into a tetragonal structure at x>0.06. The multiphase coexistence of the rhombohedral and tetragonal phase in this system was identified at x=0.06. A large, virtually hysteresis-free electric field induced strain of 0.23% was achieved with the composition, x=0.06, at 40kV/cm on the boundary between rhombohedral and tetragonal phase. This relates to an extraordinarily high and normalized piezoelectric coefficient (S<inf>max</inf>/E<inf>max</inf>) of 1280pm/V, which was reached at a low electric field applied at 10kV/mm. These results indicated that a high piezoelectric response may stem primarily from the rhombohedral-tetragonal phase boundary, due to greater lattice softening and reduced energy barriers for polarized rotation.