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Design of Optimal SMES Controller Considering SOC and Robustness for Microgrid Stabilization
(2016-10-01)
Ngamroo, Issarachai
;
Vachirasricirikul, Sitthidet
The microgrid with wind and photovoltaic (PV) power sources unavoidably encounters the power fluctuation problem. To solve this problem, the superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) can be used. Nevertheless, large power fluctuation from wind and PV sources, and severe system faults may cause the overcharge or deep-discharge state of SMES. These abnormal states highly degrade the dynamic performance of the SMES. To handle these situations, this paper concentrates on the new SMES power controller design considering state-of-charge (SOC), robustness, and optimal inductance of the superconducting coil for microgrid stabilization. The active and reactive power controllers of SMES are represented by the proportional-integral (PI) control. The SOC deviation control and the mixed H<inf>2</inf>/H<inf>∞</inf> control are proposed to optimize the SMES coil inductance and PI parameters. Simulation study is performed to signify the control effect of the proposed SMES.
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Microgrid stabilization by SMES with SOC control
(2016-04-15)
Ngamroo, Issarachai
;
Vachirasricirikul, Sitthidet
In the isolated microgrid with wind and photovoltaic power, the intermittent power produced from such power sources is an inevitable problem. In addition, under the occurrence of short circuits, the transient power swing may deteriorate the system stability. To deal with these problems, this paper focuses on the new power controller design of superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) considering the state-of-charge (SOC) control for microgrid stabilization. The structure of active and reactive power controllers of SMES is a proportional-integral (PI) controller. The optimization of PI parameters based on the minimization of the SOC deviation and the power output deviation of wind and PV sources is carried out. Simulation study confirms that the SMES with SOC control not only guarantees the stabilizing performance under normal and faulted conditions, but also prevents the over-charge and deep-discharge operations.
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Improved H2/H∞ control-based robust PI controller design of SMES for suppression of power fluctuation in microgrid
(2014-10-15)
Vachirasricirikul, Sitthidet
;
Ngamroo, Issarachai
In the microgrid integrated with the renewable energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaic, the random power productions from such renewable sources may cause the severe power fluctuation problem. This paper focuses on a robust controller design of a superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) for stabilizing the power fluctuation in a microgrid. The proportional-integral (PI)-based damping controllers for active and reactive power control of SMES are optimally tuned based on the improved H<inf>2</inf>/H<inf>∞</inf> control with the automatic selection of the reference input. The particle swarm optimization is applied to achieve the optimal PI parameters automatically. Simulation results show that the power fluctuation from the renewable sources is greatly damped by robust SMES controller.
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Robust LFC in a smart grid with wind power penetration by coordinated V2G control and frequency controller
(2014-01-01)
Vachirasricirikul, Sitthidet
;
Ngamroo, Issarachai
In the smart grid, the large scale wind power penetration tends to expand vastly. Nevertheless, due to the intermittent power generation from wind, this may cause a problem of large frequency fluctuation when the load-frequency control (LFC) capacity is not enough to compensate the unbalance of generation and load demand. Also, in the future transport sector, the plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) is widely expected for driving in the customer side. Generally, the power of PHEV is charged by plugging into the home outlets as the dispersed battery energy storages. Therefore, the vehicle-to-grid (V2G) power control can be applied to compensate for the inadequate LFC capacity. This paper focuses on the new coordinated V2G control and conventional frequency controller for robust LFC in the smart grid with large wind farms. The battery state-of-charge (SOC) is controlled by the optimized SOC deviation control. The structure of frequency controller is a proportional integral (PI) with a single input. To enhance the robust performance and robust stability against the system uncertainties, the PI controller parameters and the SOC deviation are optimized simultaneously by the particle swarm optimization based on the fixed structure mixed H<inf>2</inf>/H<inf>\infty</inf> control. Simulation results show the superior robustness and control effect of the proposed coordinated controllers over the compared controllers. © 2013 IEEE.
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Optimized SFCL and SMES units for multimachine transient stabilization based on kinetic energy control
(2013-03-11)
Ngamroo, Issarachai
;
Vachirasricirikul, Sitthidet
Power system transient instability due to short circuits may result in loss of synchronism. To improve stability, resistive type superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) and superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) can be effectively used. This paper proposes a new optimization of multiple SFCL and SMES units for transient stabilization in a multimachine power system based on kinetic energy control. Two applications of the proposed optimization are studied in the West Japan six-area interconnected power system. First, the SFCL is applied to solve the inevitable problems of SMES used for transient stability enhancement, i.e., required large power and energy capacities, and fail-operational performance due to the large voltage drop at the SMES bus. When the fault occurs, the SFCL swiftly reduces the increase in the kinetic energy of all generators by limiting the fault current. Subsequently, the SMES handles the remaining unbalanced kinetic energy. The optimization problem of the resistive value of the SFCL is formulated, considering energy dissipation in combination with the power controller parameters of SMES with optimal coil size. A simulation study shows the superior effect of the combined SFCL and SMES over either device separately. With SFCL, the low voltage ride-through capability of SMES can be enhanced. The MW and MJ capacities of the SMES are also significantly reduced. Second, a new optimization of multiple SFCL units considering optimal locations, optimal number, optimal resistive values, and energy dissipation during quenching state is presented. The optimization problem is formulated by maximizing the decreasing rate of energy function during fault in combination with minimizing the energy dissipation of the SFCL during quenching state. A simulation study confirms the superior effect of optimal SFCL units over nonoptimal SFCL units. © 2002-2011 IEEE.
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Robust controller design of microturbine and electrolyzer for frequency stabilization in a microgrid system with plug-in hybrid electric vehicles
(2012-12-01)
Vachirasricirikul, Sitthidet
;
Ngamroo, Issarachai
This paper proposes a new robust controller design of microturbine (MT) and electrolyzer (ES) in a control and monitoring system (CMS) for frequency stabilization in a microgrid system with plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). In the studied microgrid, the MT is normally used to provide the main power to the loads while the ES absorbs the power from the system to produce the hydrogen as the fuel input for the power generation of the fuel cell. On the other hand, the large numbers of PHEVs are utilized in the consumer side. The concurrent charging powers of PHEVs cause a problem of severe frequency fluctuation in the microgrid. To solve this problem, the frequency stabilization of CMS is performed by controlling the power output of MT and ES. The controller structure of MT and ES is a proportional integral with a single input. To enhance the tracking performance and the robustness against system uncertainties of the designed MT and ES controllers, the control parameters are optimized by shuffled frog leaping algorithm based on specified-structure mixed H <inf>2</inf>/H <inf>∞</inf> control technique. Simulation results not only show the frequency stabilization effect against the random charging power of PHEVs but also the high robustness of the proposed robust MT and ES controllers against the system parameters variation. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Robust load frequency control in a smart microgrid with PHEV-based V2G control
(2012-06-12)
Vachirasricirikul, Sitthidet
;
Ngamroo, Issarachai
This paper focuses on a new design of frequency controller for robust load frequency control (LFC) in a smart isolated microgrid (MG) system with plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV)-based vehicle-to-grid (V2G) control and wind farms. The V2G control can compensate the unbalance of real power in system. The state-of-charge (SOC) of battery can be managed by using the SOC balance control method. The studied frequency controller structure is a proportional integral (PI) with a single input. The multiplicative uncertainty is used to model the system uncertainties. To improve both robust stability margin and performance, the PI control parameters are automatically designed by the particle swarm optimization (PSO) based on the specified-structure mixed H <inf>2</inf>/H <inf>∞</inf> control method. Simulation results exhibit the superior robustness and performance of the proposed controller against the system parameters change.
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Coordinated control of optimized SFCL and SMES for improvement of power system transient stability
(2012-06-25)
Ngamroo, Issarachai
;
Vachirasricirikul, Sitthidet
It is well known that the Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) is effective to damp the power swing after the occurrence of faults. Nevertheless, if the SMES is also applied for transient stability improvement, a large power capacity of SMES is required. Additionally, the SMES is not able to absorb enough energy during faults since the bus voltage where the SMES is installed, drops considerably. To enhance the SMES control effect and transient stability, this paper proposes the coordinated control of the optimized resistive type superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) and SMES. When the fault occurs, the SFCL rapidly suppresses the transient power swing by limiting the fault current. Subsequently, the SMES damps out the remaining power swing. The optimization problem of SFCL resistance and power controller parameters of SMES with optimal coil size is formulated based on an augmentation of transient stability margin and damping performance. Solving the problem by the particle swarm optimization, the optimal parameters of SFCL and SMES can be automatically obtained. Simulation study confirms the superior stabilizing effect of the coordinated SFCL and SMES over the individual device. The SFCL not only solves the voltage drop problem at the SMES bus, but also assists the SMES to stabilize the system. Besides, the MW and MJ capacities of the SMES operated with SFCL are significantly reduced. © 2002-2011 IEEE.
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Heuristic optimization based-fixed structure robust H∞ loop shaping controller design with automatic weights selection of controllable distributed generations for Microgrid stabilization
(2012-01-01)
Vachirasricirikul, Sitthidet
;
Ngamroo, Issarachai
In the microgrid with wind and solar power generations, the power fluctuation from such intermittent sources is an inevitable problem. To handle such situation, the distributed generations (DG) with controllable power i.e., electrolyzer (ES) and microturbine (MT) can be applied. This paper proposes a heuristic optimization based-fixed structure robust H<inf>∞</inf> loop shaping controller design with automatic weights selection of controllable DGs for microgrid stabilization. To guarantee the system robust stability margin, the normalized coprime factorization is applied to represent unstructured uncertainties. The proportional integral (PI) is selected as the controller structure of ES and MT. For comparison purpose, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) and genetic algorithm (GA) are applied to optimize the PI parameters based on the H<inf>∞</inf> loop shaping design. Simulation results show that the PSO-based control design is superior to GA-based controller design in terms of computation efficiency, robustness against system uncertainties and stabilizing effect. © 2012 Praise Worthy Prize S.r.l. - All right reserved.
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Robust controller design of heat pump and plug-in hybrid electric vehicle for frequency control in a smart microgrid based on specified-structure mixed H2/H∞ control technique
(2011-01-01)
Vachirasricirikul, Sitthidet
;
Ngamroo, Issarachai
This paper proposes a new robust controller design of heat pump (HP) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) for frequency control in a smart microgrid (MG) system with wind farm. The intermittent power generation from wind farm causes severe frequency fluctuation in the MG. To alleviate frequency fluctuation, the smart control of power consumption of HP and the power charging of PHEV in the customer side can be performed. The controller structure of HP and PHEV is a proportional integral derivative (PID) with single input. To enhance the performance and robustness against system uncertainties of the designed controller, the particle swarm optimization based-mixed H<inf>2</inf>/H<inf>∞</inf> control is applied to design the PID controllers of HP and PHEV. Simulation studies confirm the superior robustness and frequency control effect of the proposed HP and PHEV controllers in comparison to the conventional controller. © 2011.

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