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Acidic dynamics: Unveiling mechanistic insights for improved performance in chitosan triboelectric nanogenerators
(2024-07-01)
Charoonsuk, Thitirat
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Ukasi, Sirinya
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Mokthaisong, Panadta
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Khuntakaew, Pawita
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Hajra, Sugato
In recent years, there has been a surge in interest surrounding the development of chitosan (CS)-based triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) for powering attachable/portable devices. Despite numerous strategies aimed at enhancing their efficiency, the selection of acid solvent has remained largely unexplored. In this study, various acids, including acetic (CH<inf>3</inf>COOH), succinic (C<inf>4</inf>H<inf>6</inf>O<inf>4</inf>), and citric (C<inf>6</inf>H<inf>8</inf>O<inf>7</inf>) acids, were investigated for their impact on mechanical and electrical output signals. Remarkably, the choice and concentration of acid were found to significantly influence performance. Specifically, employing citric acid rendered the CS solid film more pliable and yielded the highest output signal at optimal concentration levels. Under optimized conditions, the CS-TENG exhibited an open-circuit voltage output (V<inf>OC</inf>) of 157 V and short-circuit current output (I<inf>SC</inf>) of 53 µA—more than triple that of pristine CS-TENG. Mechanistic insights into electrical generation have been elucidated, underscoring the importance of solvent selection in CS TENG fabrication. These findings underscore the potential for tailored acid solvent selection to advance specialized applications in the field.
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Gamma glycine enhances efficiency of organic hybrid piezoelectric-triboelectric nanogenerators
(2024-01-01)
Ukasi, Sirinya
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Jutapukti, Paritta
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Ninthub, Chiranicha
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Pinpru, Nattapong
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Pakawanit, Phakkhananan
This study presents a comprehensive exploration of enhancing the electrical output of flexible hybrid piezoelectric-triboelectric nanogenerators (P-TENG) through the incorporation of γ-glycine (γ-GC) into fully organic γ-GC/chitosan (CS) composites. A systematic investigation of the effects of γ-GC content (wt%) on the material characteristics and resulting electrical output signal is conducted. The research demonstrates the pivotal role of optimized γ-GC and CS concentrations in achieving superior performance. Through adherence to the percolation threshold principle, a critical γ-GC content is identified, leading to the attainment of the highest output signal. Three theoretical explanations substantiate this observation: firstly, molecular polarization occurring at the interface; secondly, the establishment of a well-connected filler internetwork; and thirdly, mitigation of air breakdown limitations. The interaction of γ-GC and CS fosters a robust hydrogen bond network, aligning interface polarization coherently. Efficient internetwork connections between γ-GC fillers facilitate facile charge generation and transfer. Furthermore, utilizing an appropriate quantity of γ-GC ensures optimal charge entrapment while circumventing issues related to air breakdown. The optimal electrical output is achieved by using 50% γ-GC, resulting in an open-circuit voltage (V<inf>OC</inf>) of 79 V and a short-circuit current (I<inf>SC</inf>) of 64 µA. The maximum power output (P<inf>max</inf>) registers at 705.96 µW under an external load resistance of 1 MΩ. Importantly, practical applications are demonstrated, including capacitor charging (0.22 μF and 0.33 μF), illumination of 100 LEDs, and operation of a scientific calculator-equipped watch.
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Simple enhanced charge density of chitosan film by the embedded ion method for the flexible triboelectric nanogenerator
(2022-12-01)
Charoonsuk, Thitirat
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Supansomboon, Supitcha
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Pakawanit, Phakkhananan
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Vittayakorn, Wanwilai
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Pongampai, Satana
This research proposed a simple ionic embedded method to improve electrical output performance by adding surface charges of cationic chitosan (CS) biopolymer for compatible utilization of the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG). By simply embedding cationic salts, the TENG performance was enhanced by over four times more than that with pristine CS. Moreover, by modifying roughness on the film surface, the optimized condition of R-CS/3 %CaCl<inf>2</inf> reached the highest V<inf>OC</inf> and I<inf>SC</inf> of ~149 V and ~15 μA, respectively, thus exceeding the output from pristine R-CS TENG by four- and three times of ⁓38 V and ⁓5.1 μA. The maximum power output of 400 μW/cm2 can be observed at the 10 MΩ external load resistance. Finally, by integrating an automatic self-charge pumping (ASCP) module, the ASCP/CS-TENG provided highly efficient V<inf>OC</inf> and I<inf>SC</inf> output power by over 1.3 times more than the R-CS/3 %CaCl<inf>2</inf> TENG and could light up 72 light emitting diodes (LEDs) easily.
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Triboelectric-piezoelectric hybrid nanogenerator based on BaTiO3-Nanorods/Chitosan enhanced output performance with self-charge-pumping system
(2021-03-01)
Pongampai, Satana
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Charoonsuk, Thitirat
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Pinpru, Nattapong
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Pulphol, Phieraya
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Vittayakorn, Wanwilai
Recent advances in achieving flexible triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) focus widely on utilizing and modifying abundant natural biopolymer. Boosting power generation and conversion efficiency continue to prevail. In this work, three main strategies were proposed to enhance the output performance of chitosan-based TENGs; 1) hybridization with lead-free piezoelectric nanorod, 2) introduction of a soft electrode using bacterial cellulose/carbon nanotube composite to enhance contact efficiency, and 3) enhancement of charge density of the triboelectric friction layer using a self-charge pumping (SCP) module. Under the same testing conditions of 48 ± 5% relative humidity, ~0.55 Hz of frequency, ~250 N of compressive force at 25.0 ± 0.5 °C, and the combination of 7 wt% lead-free piezoelectric BaTiO<inf>3</inf> nanorods (BT-NRs) in the chitosan matrix, the highest open-circuit voltage (V<inf>oc</inf>) of ~111.4 V, short circuit (I<inf>sc</inf>) of ~21.6 μA/cm2, and also output power density of 756 μW/cm2 was achieved. By using an integrated SCP module, the TENGs can provide a V<inf>oc</inf>, I<inf>sc</inf> and peak power output of 247.2 V, 36.7 μA/cm2 and 1568 μW/cm2, respectively. This electrical power output rises to over 4-fold more power enhancement than that of pristine chitosan TENGs. The TENGs demonstrate remarkable mechanical stability and reliability upon cyclical contact for up to 3000 times. This work provides a promising strategy for achieving high-output, eco-friendly triboelectric nanogenerators. By boosting the output performance via continuous charge pumping, ultrahigh effective charge density was achieved successfully in flexible chitosan/BT-NR biocomposites that can push output performance towards real applications of TENGs.

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