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Start date: 2020Subject: search.filters.subject.OTA

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    Nano-Power OTA-Based Low-Pass Filter for Ultra-Low-Energy Biomedical Signal Processing
    (2026-05-01)
    Kulej, Tomasz
    ;
    Kumngern, Montree
    ;
    Khateb, Fabian
    This paper presents a nanowatt-scale operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) and an electronically tunable third-order low-pass filter (LPF) designed for energy-constrained biomedical signal conditioning. The circuits are implemented in a 65 nm CMOS process and verified through comprehensive schematic-level simulations. Biased in the deep subthreshold region at 1 nA, the OTA achieves a 50 dB low-frequency gain, a 225 Hz unity-gain bandwidth at 10 pF load capacitance and an input-referred noise floor of 1.55 μV/√Hz, with a total power consumption of only 1.75 nW. The integrated third-order LPF provides a wide tuning range (37–668 Hz) via bias current modulation, exhibiting excellent linearity with a THD of 0.059% and a 65.3 dB dynamic range. Monte Carlo and PVT corner analyses demonstrate the design’s theoretical robustness against process variations and environmental fluctuations. ECG signal simulations validate the circuit’s effectiveness in suppressing high-frequency artifacts while preserving morphological integrity, providing a proof-of-concept for ultra-low-power wearable healthcare architectures.
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    0.5 V, nW-Range Universal Filter Based on Multiple-Input Transconductor for Biosignals Processing
    (2022-11-01)
    Khateb, Fabian
    ;
    Kumngern, Montree
    ;
    Kulej, Tomasz
    ;
    Akbari, Meysam
    ;
    Stopjakova, Viera
    This paper demonstrates the advantages of the multiple-input transconductor (MI-G<inf>m</inf>) in filter application, in terms of topology simplification, increasing filter functions, and minimizing the count of needed active blocks and their consumed power. Further, the filter enjoys high input impedance, uses three MI-G<inf>m</inf>s and two grounded capacitors, and it offers both inverting and non-inverting versions of low-pass (LPF), high-pass (HPF), band-pass (BPF), band-stop (BS) and all-pass (AP) functions. The filter operates under a supply voltage of 0.5 V and consumes 37 nW, hence it is suitable for extremely low-voltage low-power applications like biosignals processing. The circuit was designed in a Cadence environment using 180 nm CMOS technology from Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC). The post-layout simulation results, including Monte Carlo and process, voltage, temperature (PVT) corners for the proposed filter correlate well with the theoretical results that confirm attractive features of the developed filter based on MI-G<inf>m</inf>.
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    High-order chebyshev notch filter based on MO-OTA and its application in Biosensor
    (2021-05-19)
    Srisamranrungrueang, Siradanai
    ;
    Wongprommoon, Natapong
    ;
    Prommee, Pipat
    This paper presents a high-order notch filter based on multiple output OTA (MO-OTA). The signal flow graph (SFG) method is applied as a design procedure based on the RLC prototype. The RLC Chebyshev low-pass filter is used as an original prototype. The network transform is applied to convert the LPF to a notch filter. From the SFG, the denormalized network can be replaced by integrators and differentiators. The current-mode lossy and lossless types of integrator and differentiator are realized by using CMOS MO-OTA and grounded capacitor. A simple and low-complexity structure is achieved and constructed by 9 MO-OTAs and 6 grounded capacitors. The stop-band frequency between 10Hz-1kHz can be electronically tuned by the bias current between 1-100 μA. The low power supply ±0.75V is required which consumes the power 15mW at 100μA bias current. An application in ECG signal with power line interference (PLI) removal is included.
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    Tunable Elliptic High-pass Filter based on Differentiator Approach
    (2020-09-23)
    Wongprommoon, Natapong
    ;
    Pienpichayapong, Peradol
    ;
    Prommee, Pipat
    This article presents a design of high-order Elliptic ladder high-pass filter based on differentiators and integrator approach. Since the design of general Elliptic high-pass filter can be realized with high complexity, moreover the high-pass filter held very complicated design. The differentiators and integrator are deployed for synthesis high-pass filter from its Signal Flow Graph (SFG). The Elliptic RLC high-pass filter is transformed by using the original Elliptic RLC low-pass filter. The SFG is straightforward analyzed from the Elliptic RLC high-pass filter prototype. The SFG describes three differentiators and one integrator. The operational transconductance amplifiers (OTA) and grounded capacitors are preferred to implement the differentiators and integrator. The proposed filter contains only 7 OTAs with 4 grounded capacitors. The frequency responses can be varied between 100kHz and 10MHz by manipulating the bias current (IB) from 1μA to 100μA. The performances and the capability are carried out by using PSpice simulation which agreed to the theory.