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    ADSORPTION OF HEAVY METALS USING BIO-CALCIUM CARBONATE DERIVED FROM A GOLDEN APPLE SNAIL (GAS) SHELL
    (2023-01-01)
    Panpho, Phakakorn
    ;
    Kaewmud, Ketkanok
    ;
    Vittayakorn, Narathip
    ;
    Sumang, Rattiphorn
    In this research studied the use of calcium carbonate (CaCO<sup>3</sup>) from golden apple snail (GAS) shells for application as an absorbent material to remove heavy metals in water sources, which replaces commercial calcium carbonate (CaCO<sup>3</sup>) to reduce production costs and increase waste value. The adsorption of heavy metal contents (such as lead; Pb and Cadmium; Cd), phase formation, and physical characterization of golden apple snail shells were investigated for use as a calcium source in the production of naturally based biomaterials. The samples were calcined between 700°C and 950°C for 5 hr. TG and DTA analysis of samples demonstrated the decomposition of CaCO<sup>3</sup> to CaO. The XRD results demonstrated that natural shell powder has a crystal phase of CaCO<sup>3</sup> with an aragonite structure. Furthermore, the CaCO<sup>3</sup> (calcite phase) was transformed into calcium oxide (CaO) as a component, which showed that the phase transformation depended on the calcination temperature. The adsorption experiments showed good performance at about 99.6%, 99.7%, and 97% removal efficiency in a shorter time for calcined GAS at 700, 800, and 900°C, respectively. This study suggests that the golden apple snail shell could be an effective biomaterial for heavy removal from contaminated water.
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    Facile and green synthesis of Melamine-Formaldehyde@rGO foam with enhanced superhydrophobicity for oil removal application
    (2021-01-01)
    Jirasuttisarn, Natcha
    ;
    Sriwong, Chaval
    This research presented a more effective method to synthesize superhydrophobic melamine-formaldehyde (MF) foam coated with reduced graphene oxide (MF@rGO) by a conventional heating process. This is a facile and green method based on the use of graphene oxide, GO, as a precursor, and vitamin C as a reductant. The effect of recoating GO onto MF@rGO to form MF@rGO-recoat foam on superhydrophobicity was also investigated. Then, pristine GO, rGO, MF and as-synthesized MF@rGO foams were analyzed and their structures confirmed by several techniques including FTIR, Raman, SEM, TEM, and water contact angle (WCA). The results indicated that the WCA values of MF@rGO and MF@rGO-recoat foams were increased from 144.1° to 156.9°, respectively. Furthermore, the adsorption capacity (Qe), oil removal performance, and recyclability of MF@rGO-recoat foam were investigated. The adsorption capacity of MF@rGO-recoat foam was higher than 103.8 g.g-1 for all the oils tested (palm oil, gasoline, diesel and lubricant oil), and the highest value was 115.9 g.g-1 for lubricant oil. Besides, MF@rGO-recoat foam can be easily recycled up to 10 times for removal of all oils tested. Thus, this work provides a new alternative eco-friendly way to synthesize MF foam coated with rGO sheets and the synthesized MF@rGO foam can be applied and reused for the removal of oil spillages from water or wastewater.
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    Kinetics, isotherm and thermodynamics of sterol adsorption on styrene-divinylbenzene anion-exchange resins
    (2018-10-01)
    Ladadok, Chinakrit
    ;
    Yamaki, Takehiro
    ;
    Matsuda, Keigo
    ;
    Matsumoto, Hideyuki
    ;
    Na-Ranong, Duangkamol
    Phytosterols can be recovered from natural resources using molecular distillation, cold crystallization, which require large energy consumption. Adsorption was considered as a feasible alternative method. In this study, kinetics, isotherm and thermodynamics of stigmasterol adsorption on styrene-divinylbenzene with two different functional groups, strong base (SB-R) and weak base (WB-R), were investigated using a model solution of stigmasterol in n-heptane. Isothermal adsorption experiments were performed in temperature range of 298-313 K and concentration range of 0.3-6.0 mg/g<inf>sol</inf>. For both SB-R and WB-R cases, kinetics of adsorption was analysed based on pseudofirst- order and pseudo-second-order models and the results revealed that pseudo-second-order model agreed with the experimental data much better than pseudo-first-order model. Analysis of isotherm data based on Langmuir, Freundlich and linear models showed that Freundlich was the best model that could predict behaviour of sterol adsorption for both SB-R and WB-R cases. In addition, thermodynamics parameters (δG, δH andδS) indicated that the sterol adsorptions on these adsorbents were spontaneous, exothermic and favourable at low temperature.