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Effects of thymol–carvacrol combined with organic acids on carcass traits, meat quality, and stress indicators in broilers under enteric disease challenge
(2026-01-01)
Busayakanit, P.
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Srikijkasemwat, K.
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Philatha, A.
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Rassmidatta, K.
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Ruangpanit, Y.
The effects of a feeding program combining thymol–carvacrol and organic acids were evaluated as an alternative to an antibiotic growth promoter (AGP) in broilers under a coccidial challenge. A total of 750 male Ross 308 chicks were assigned to a negative control (T1), an AGP group with bacitracin methylene disalicylate (T2), or a thymol-carvacrol–organic acid group (T3). Slaughter weight, dressing percentage, retail cut yields, and meat quality traits did not differ among treatments (P > 0.05). T2 had the highest number of birds without foot pad lesions, significantly exceeding T1 and comparable to T3, which also outperformed T1 (P < 0.05). T2 recorded the fewest mild and severe lesions, while T3 showed a numerical reduction in severe lesions compared with T1. Both T2 and T3 reduced lesion severity relative to T1, with T2 showing the most favorable scores and T3 demonstrating meaningful potential as a non-antibiotic alternative. Thigh meat malondialdehyde (MDA) levels increased during storage (P < 0.01), but no treatment effects were observed (P > 0.05). Serum MDA and the proportions of lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils were unaffected; however, heterophil percentage and the heterophil-to-lymphocyte ratio were significantly higher in T1 than in T2 and T3 (P < 0.01), indicating reduced physiological stress with both AGP and thymol-carvacrol–organic acid supplementation. Overall, thymol–carvacrol with organic acids-maintained carcass yield and meat quality while mitigating stress responses and improving foot pad health, supporting its potential as a viable alternative to AGPs in broilers under enteric challenge.
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Effect of dietary protein levels on productive performance and carcass traits of Thai native pigs from different geometric regions
(2023-07-01)
Chaweewan, K.
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Kanyarang, W.
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Phonkate, N.
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Sitthigripong, R.
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Sivapirunthep, P.
Southern native pigs (ST) group had significantly higher final weight (P < 0.05). Northern native pigs (NT) had the highest average daily gain (ADG) during the first 21 days of the rearing period (P < 0.05). Feed conversion ratio (FCR) and feed cost per gain (FCG) of NT and ST were lower than those of northeastern native pigs (NE) (P < 0.05). The lowest FCG were obtained with 12% and 14% protein diets, and the highest FCG were obtained with 18% protein diet (P < 0.05). For carcass traits, ST had higher slaughter weight, while NT had lower carcass weight, lower percentage of carcass, thinner backfat thickness, lower tenderloin weight, lower fat and skin weight, and lower belly weight, but had higher offal weight, higher percentage of offal and better marbling (P < 0.05). Dietary protein content did not affect carcass traits except for percent belly, because at 18% protein content, percent belly was lower than other groups (P < 0.05). For commercial production, NT could be of greater use because it had lower FCR and FCG without differing significantly in lean content. In addition, NT had higher marbling but lower backfat thickness.
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The Effect of Acacia mangium Leaf Feed on Apparent Metabolizable Energy, Growth Performance, and Carcass Composition of Broiler Chickens
(2022-10-01)
Lerdsuwan, Saichon
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Nalinanon, Warrapong
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Pisuttharachai, Duangjai
The experiments were conducted to determine the apparent metabolizable energy of Acacia mangium leaf meal (AMLM) and the effect on growth performance and carcass composition of broiler chickens (Arbor acres). Twenty-four broiler chickens at the age of 24 days were divided into 2 groups with four replications of two chickens raised individually in a cage. The apparent metabolizable energy of AMLM-feeding chicken was 2,359.90 kcal/kg. Experimental diets consisted of AMLM 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10% feeding for 161 one-day-old unsexed broiler chickens and were randomly assigned to five groups with four replications of eight chickens in a completely randomized design. Feed and water were offered ad-libitum throughout the experimental period. At the age of 45 days, 2 broilers per replicate were slaughtered, and the carcass was determined. The results indicated that broiler chickens fed AMLM diets were not significantly different in weight gain, average daily gain and feed intake compared to the control diet (P>0.05). But chickens fed AMLM had decreased feed conversion ratio than the control (P<0.05). In addition, broiler chickens fed AMLM diets were not significantly different in all carcass composition parameters compared to the control diet (P>0.05). It is concluded that the AMLM contained 10% in diets does not affect broiler chickens' growth performance and carcass composition.
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Effect of strain and gender on production performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of broiler chickens
(2022-03-01)
Kamporn, K.
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Deeden, B.
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Klompanya, A.
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Setakul, J.
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Chaosap, C.
The effects of strain and gender on production performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of broiler chickens were examined. There were no significant interactions between broiler strain and gender (P>0.05). Arbor Acres showed significantly higher body weight (BW) and average daily gain (ADG), while feed intake (FI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were significantly lower than Ross308 and Cobb500, especially in the fifth and sixth weeks of age. Arbor Acres also showed the highest slaughter weight (P<0.05). However, carcass composition was not significantly different between strains. There were no significant differences between the strains in muscle pH, drip loss and cooking loss. However, Cobb500 had a lower shear force value than the others (P<0.05). As for the gender-specific effect, BW and ADG of male broilers were higher than those of females from the second to the sixth week of age (P<0.01). At the second week of age, female broilers had higher FI, while male broilers had higher FI from the third to the sixth week of age (P<0.01). Male broilers had lower FCR than females from the fourth to the sixth week of age (P<0.01). Male broilers had higher slaughter weight, carcass weight and carcass composition weight (P<0.01) except for abdominal fat (P>0.05). Percent carcass composition did not differ among broiler strains except for percent tenderloin and percent abdominal fat, which were higher in females than males (P<0.01). Broiler strains had no effect on meat quality except that Cobb500 had lower shear force (P<0.05). The pH3, pH24 and yellowness color values had differed between genders, which male muscle had higher pH3 (P<0.05), pH24 (P<0.01) than female but female muscle had higher yellowness value than male (P<0.05). Interaction effect between breed and gender was found in lightness (P<0.01) and redness colors (P<0.05).
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The influence of fattening periods on performance, carcass composition, and meat quality of Charolaise crossbred steers
(2020-12-01)
Kheawrod, W.
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Sivapirunthep, P.
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Thiwaratkoon, P.
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Chongcharoen, M.
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Chancharoen, P.
Results showed that the initial weight did not differ between groups (P>0.05). While, the 15 month group had more heavy weight than 12 month group (P<0.01). Furthermore, the 15 month group gained more weight than 12 month group (P<0.05). The average daily gain of 15 month group was higher than 12 month group (P<0.01) which were 723.62 and 603.30 gram/day, respectively. The weight of hot and cold carcass of 15 month group was higher than 12 month group (P<0.01) while the percentage of hot and cold carcass did not differ between group (P>0.05). For carcass composition, lean percentage (P<0.01) and bone percentage (P<0.05) were higher in 15 month group than in 12 month. Meat color, shrinkage loss, cooking loss, and shear force did not affect by fattening period (P>0.05). In addition the fattening period did not impact on collagen content and also collagen solubility (P>0.05).
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Effect of dietary organic and inorganic selenium on carcass composition and meat characteristics of broiler chickens
(2018-12-01)
Jamnongtoi, P.
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Sivapirunthep, P.
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Chaosap, C.
The effects of organic Zn-L-selenomethionine (Zn-L-SeMet) and inorganic sodium selenite (Na-Se) on broiler chickens'carcass composition and meat characteristics were compared. The 360 one-day-old broiler chickens subjected to a 3 phases feeding program with basal diets of corn-soy. The chickens were divided into 2 groups supplemented with 0.3 ppm of Zn-L-SeMet or Na-Se throughout 37 days of raising period. Each treatment consisted of 6 replicated with 30 male broilers. Birds were deprived of feed for 12 h and weighed prior to slaughter. Three birds from each treatment replicate were sacrificed by cervical dislocation before carcass compositions were measured. Breast muscles were collected and then determined meat characteristics. Carcass composition was not affected (P>0.05) by different selenium sources. Chicken fed Zn-L-SeMet had higher cooking loss and lower color of L* value compared to those fed with Na-Se. Shear force value of Zn-L-SeMet was significant lower than Na-Se at 1 day postmortem but the effect of selenium sources was not significant later than at 4 day post mortem.

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