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    Thermo-Economic Assessment of the Organic Rankine Cycle Combined with an Ejector Cooling Cycle Driven by Low-Grade Waste Heat
    (2025-12-01)
    Singmai, Wichean
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    Janpla, Pichet
    ;
    Sutthivirode, Kittiwoot
    ;
    Thongtip, Tongchana
    ;
    Ruangtrakoon, Natthawut
    This paper proposes an energy, exergy, economic, and exergoeconomic (4E) analysis of an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) enhanced by an ejector refrigeration system. The two systems are combined via an intercooler, where the unwanted heat is transferred to the ejector cooling loop. The major objective is to reduce the discharge pressure of the expander so that higher power is achieved. However, the combined system requires more equipment and energy input, and, hence, 4E analysis is an efficient tool for assessing the feasibility of it in practical use based on a comprehensive analysis. This study aims to provide a systematic 4E-based evaluation of an ORC integrated with an ejector cooling cycle under realistic tropical conditions. The innovation of this work lies in combining unified thermodynamic, economic, and exergoeconomic assessments to quantify both performance enhancement and cost interactions attributable to condenser-side cooling. The findings offer significant insights into the dominant thermal–economic trade-offs, identify key cost drivers within the ORC + ECC configuration, and highlight operating conditions that maximize the power output and minimize the electricity generation cost. These results contribute practical guidelines for improving the feasibility and deployment of ORC–ejector systems for low-grade heat recovery applications. A theoretical model is formulated to examine both energy and exergy performance indicators together with key economic metrics. Parametric investigations are conducted to investigate the effects of the intercooler temperature (16–22 °C) and generator temperature (70–85 °C) on overall system performance. It is found that the integration of an ejector cooling cycle (ORC + ECC) can significantly enhance the thermo-economic potential of waste heat power generation systems compared to a standard ORC, from both exergoeconomic and LCOE perspectives. The exergoeconomic analysis identified that, while the expander dominates the cost of the standard ORC, the condenser and cooling tower become critical components of the ORC + ECC due to their high exergy-destruction costs. At the system level, the LCOE results confirm that the ORC + ECC can achieve 37–38% lower electricity generation costs compared to the standard ORC.
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    Evaluating the Determinants of Consumer Adoption of Autonomous Vehicles in Thailand—An Extended UTAUT Model
    (2023-01-01)
    Chaveesuk, Singha
    ;
    Chaiyasoonthorn, Wornchanok
    ;
    Kamales, Nayika
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    Dacko-Pikiewicz, Zdzislawa
    ;
    Liszewski, Wiesław
    This study explores the effects of autonomous cars and how they may affect the design of transportation systems. The research investigated the determinants of consumer adoption of autonomous vehicles in Thailand. The research was driven by increasing environmental protection awareness and the need to conserve it through revolutionary technology. The study adopted the extended UTAUT model, where a quantitative method was adopted using primary data from 381 respondents. The results indicated that consumer adoption of autonomous vehicles in Thailand is influenced by performance expectancy, effort expectancy, facilitating conditions, environmental benefits, and purchase subsidy. The recommendations developed were that, to enhance the consumers’ intention to adopt autonomous vehicles, the concerned stakeholders should improve on aspects, such as the ability to improve job performance, increase productivity, ease of use, flexibility, clarity, and understanding, as well as improve social status. The government should also consider subsidizing autonomous vehicles as this would encourage consumption. A limitation of the study is the generalization of the findings as it is limited to Thailand.
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    Outer-tubes Falling Film Evaporator with Well-Mixed Surface Renewal
    (2017-01-01)
    Lerkkasemsan, Nuttapol
    ;
    Lerssubsuree, Kuntaphon
    ;
    Chotiviriyavanich, Boonchai
    ;
    Benjangkaprasert, Ruenruedee
    ;
    Kitchaiya, Prakob
    A falling film evaporator with a liquid flowing laminarly outside vertical cylindrical tubes was studied by a mathematical modeling in order to describe the performance of the system and the results are later used for a design of a falling film evaporator. In this study a mathematical model was developed from mass and energy as well as momentum transfer processes in an evaporation of a sugar solution. The equations were solved by using a numerical technique known as implicit method. This model yields the prediction of velocity, temperature and concentration profiles of solution as well as rate of mass evaporation and energy required in this process. Evaporation limitation was disclosed to be based on water mass transfer across the liquid thin film. Renewable surface was proposed to enhance the evaporation by adding a collector for liquid mixing before further evaporation. Adding only one collector at the half height of the evaporation tube could increase water evaporation rate by 1.3 and 2.1 % in case of the liquid perfect mixing, respectively.