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Differential Difference Gain Amplifier (DDGA) and Its Applications
(2025-07-01)
Satansup, Jetsdaporn
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Pukkalanun, Tattaya
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Tangsrirat, Worapong
This article introduces a CMOS circuit realization of the fully balanced differential difference gain amplifier (DDGA). The proposed DDGA is realized using four floating current sources operating under dual supply voltages of approximately ∓0.9 V. The proposed circuit can function as a differential difference gain amplifier with electronically adjustable gain both in voltage and current-modes. The application designs of the DDGA to implement a single-input three-output universal biquad filter and voltage-mode quadrature oscillator circuit are also suggested. PSPICE simulation results for the proposed DDGA and its applications are provided using 0.18-μm CMOS technology from TSMC.
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VDGA-Based Resistorless Mixed-Mode Universal Filter and Dual-Mode Quadrature Oscillator
(2025-05-01)
Channumsin, Orapin
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Tangjit, Jetwara
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Pukkalanun, Tattaya
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Tangsrirat, Worapong
This study introduces an electronically tunable resistorless mixed-mode universal filter and dual-mode quadrature oscillator configuration utilizing merely two voltage differencing gain amplifiers and two grounded capacitors. The suggested filter can perform all generic biquadratic filter functions in all four modes: voltage mode, trans-admittance mode, current mode, and trans-impedance mode, while utilizing the same design. The pole frequency and the quality factor can be tuned electronically and orthogonally by means of the transconductances of the voltage differencing gain amplifier. The dual-mode quadrature oscillator featuring both voltage and current outputs can also be obtained from the proposed filter core. It additionally provides separate electronic control of the oscillation condition and frequency. Several PSPICE simulations with the TSMC 0.18 μm CMOS model confirm the feasibility of the proposed configurations. Both proposed circuits were experimentally evaluated using commercially available integrated circuit LM13600s. Both simulation and experimental results have validated the performance of the design.
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Three-Phase Oscillator with Cascade Ability Using Voltage Current Conveyor
(2024-01-01)
Buakaew, Seangrawee
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Narksarp, Wipavan
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Choeysombat, Kamonthip
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Kanjanawiwin, Juthamas
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Atiwongsangthong, Narin
This paper presents a new circuit configuration employing voltage current conveyors (VCII) in conjunction with a minimal number of passive elements to achieve a voltage mode sinusoidal oscillator with a 3 -phase differential output. The proposed circuit features a straightforward architecture, with all passive elements connected to low-impedance nodes. Consisting solely of identical VCIIs without multiple outputs, the circuit facilitates the cascading of the 3 -phase outputs without requiring supplementary buffering. Simulation results obtained through PSPICE, along with experimental validation using commercial ICs, are provided to substantiate the efficacy of the proposed circuit.
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Dual-Mode Single-Input Three-Output Multifunction Filter and Quadrature Oscillator Consisting of Two Voltage Differencing Transconductance Amplifiers and Two Grounded Capacitors
(2023-04-01)
Tangsrirat, W.
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Channumsin, O.
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Unhavanich, S.
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Pukkalanun, T.
Abstract: In this paper, we present the circuit configuration that can perform as a dual-mode (i.e., both voltage-mode and current-mode) multifunction filter as well as a dual-mode quadrature oscillator by slightly modifying the design. The presented configuration includes only two voltage differencing transconductance amplifiers and two grounded capacitors, resulting in a resistor-less construction. The dual-mode multifunction filter with one input and three outputs provides three standard biquadratic filter functions: highpass, bandpass, and lowpass, as well as independent electronic adjustment of its quality factor. The circuit can also be used to implement a dual-mode quadrature oscillator with orthogonal electronic control of the oscillation condition and the oscillation frequency. Simulation results based on 0.25-μm level-7 TSMC CMOS technology parameters are used to evaluate the behavior of the proposed dual-mode multifunction biquad and quadrature oscillator circuit.
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0.5 V Universal Filter and Quadrature Oscillator Based on Multiple-Input DDTA
(2023-01-01)
Kumngern, Montree
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Khateb, Fabian
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Kulej, Tomasz
This paper presents a universal voltage-mode filter and quadrature oscillator based on low-voltage multiple-input differential difference transconductance amplifier (MI-DDTA). Unlike the previous published DDTAs, that utilize the bulk-driven (BD) multiple-input MOS transistor technique (MI-MOST) in the differential pair of the first stage only, the proposed DDTA, for the first time, utilize the BD MI-MOST in the second stage of the DDTA. This results in capability of providing more arithmetic operations without additional current branches or power dissipation. Hence, simplify the topology of the filter and oscillator applications, by decreasing the count of active blocks. The voltage-mode filter offers high-input and low-output impedances, and both non-inverting and inverting versions of five types of transfer functions, namely low-pass, high-pass, band-pass, band-stop, and all-pass characteristics. The oscillator offers three-phase of quadrature signals, and orthogonal control of the condition and frequency of oscillations. The circuit was designed in Cadence environment using 180 nm CMOS TSMC technology. The voltage supply is 0.5 V and the power consumption of the filter is 472 nW. The simulation results are in accordance with theory and confirm the performance of the proposed circuit.
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Single VDGA-Based Mixed-Mode Universal Filter and Dual-Mode Quadrature Oscillator
(2022-07-01)
Roongmuanpha, Natchanai
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Tangsrirat, Worapong
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Pukkalanun, Tattaya
This article presents the circuit designs for a mixed-mode universal biquadratic filter and a dual-mode quadrature oscillator, both of which use a single voltage differencing gain amplifier (VDGA), one resistor, and two capacitors. The proposed circuit has the following performance characteristics: (i) simultaneous implementation of standard biquadratic filter functions with three inputs and two outputs in all four possible modes, namely, voltage-mode (VM), current-mode (CM), trans-admittance-mode (TAM), and trans-impedance-mode (TIM); (ii) electronic adjustment of the natural angular frequency and independently single-resistance controllable high-quality factor; (iii) performing a dual-mode quadrature oscillator with simultaneous voltage and current output responses; (iv) orthogonal resistive and/or electronic control of the oscillation condition and frequency; (v) employing all grounded passive components in the quadrature oscillator function; and (vi) simpler topology due to the use of a single VDGA. VDGA non-idealities and parasitic elements are also investigated and analyzed in terms of their influence on circuit performance. To prove the study hypotheses, computer simulations with TSMC 0.18 μm CMOS technology and experimental confirmatory testing with off-the-shelf integrated circuits LM13600 have been performed.
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0.3-Volt Rail-to-Rail DDTA and Its Application in a Universal Filter and Quadrature Oscillator
(2022-04-01)
Khateb, Fabian
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Kumngern, Montree
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Kulej, Tomasz
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Biolek, Dalibor
This paper presents the extremely low-voltage supply of the CMOS structure of a differential difference transconductance amplifier (DDTA). With a 0.3-volt supply voltage, the circuit offers rail-to-rail operational capability. The circuit is designed for low-frequency biomedical and sensor applications, and it consumes 357.4 nW of power. Based on two DDTAs and two grounded capacitors, a voltage-mode universal filter and quadrature oscillator are presented as applications. The universal filter possesses high-input impedance and electronic tuning ability of the natural frequency in the range of tens up to hundreds of Hz. The total harmonic distortion (THD) for the band-pass filter was 0.5% for 100 mV<inf>pp</inf> @ 84.47 Hz input voltage. The slight modification of the filter yields a quadrature oscillator. The condition and the frequency of oscillation are orthogonally controllable. The frequency of oscillation can also be controlled electronically. The THD for a 67 Hz oscillation frequency was around 1.2%. The circuit is designed and simulated in a Cadence environment using 130 nm CMOS technology from United Microelectronics Corporation (UMC). The simulation results confirm the performance of the designed circuits.
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Electronically Tunable Universal Filter and Quadrature Oscillator Using Low-Voltage Differential Difference Transconductance Amplifiers
(2022-01-01)
Kumngern, Montree
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Suksaibul, Pichai
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Khateb, Fabian
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Kulej, Tomasz
This paper presents a new electronically tunable universal filter and quadrature oscillator for low frequency biomedical and biosensor applications employing low-voltage differential difference transconductance amplifier (DDTA). The DDTA CMOS structure uses 0.5 V of supply voltage and consumes 277 nW of power. Unlike the previous universal filters, the proposed filter provides many transfer functions of the standard five transfer functions such as low-pass, high-pass, band-pass, band-stop and all-pass with both unity and controlled voltage gains as well as both inverting and non-inverting transfer functions. The natural frequency and the voltage gain of the five standard transfer functions can be controlled electronically. For the band-pass filter, the third intermodulation distortion (IMD3) was 0.37% for 20 mVpp input signal while the output integrated noise was 61.37 μV. The dynamic range (DR) was 53.27 dB for 1% IMD3. The quadrature oscillator has electronically and orthogonal control of the condition and frequency of oscillation. The proposed circuit and its applications were designed and verified via Cadence simulator tool using 0.13 μm UMC CMOS technology. Further, the circuit was evaluated by PSPICE simulation and experiment test using commercial OTA LM13700.
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Adjustable Quadrature Shadow Sinusoidal Oscillator
(2022-01-01)
Buakaew, Seangrawee
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Atiwongsangthong, Narin
This article presents a shadow oscillator with quadrature-phase outputs. The proposed circuit employs the voltage differential transconductance amplifier (VDTA) and two grounded passive elements. The frequency of the oscillation, as well as the condition of oscillation, are accomplished through the tunning of the gains of the external amplifiers. Therefore, frequency adjustability can be performed without the effect on the biquad cell which is the main feature of the shadow oscillators. The results from the PSpice simulations employing the CMOS circuit level are included to verify the proposed quadrature shadow oscillator configurations.
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Multiple-Input Universal Filter and Quadrature Oscillator Using Multiple-Input Operational Transconductance Amplifiers
(2021-01-01)
Kumngern, Montree
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Khateb, Fabian
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Kulej, Tomasz
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Psychalinos, Costas
This paper presents a new multiple-input single -output voltage-mode universal biquad filter based on multiple-input operational transconductance amplifiers (MI-OTA). This work demonstrates that the multiple-input OTA-based universal filter can provide more filtering responses and other benefits, compared to conventional OTA-based one. The filter provides electronic and orthogonal control of the natural frequency and the quality factor. Furthermore, a two-phase quadrature oscillator can be obtained by slightly modifying the proposed universal filter while the condition and frequency of oscillation can be controlled orthogonally and electronically. The performance of the proposed circuit is evaluated in Cadence environment using the TSMC $0.18~\mu \text{m}$ CMOS technology. The voltage supply is 1.2 V and the power dissipation of the MI-OTA is $24~\mu \text{W}$. For 1% third intermodulation distortion (IMD3) the dynamic range of the band-pass filter is 78.6 dB. In addition, the proposed filter and oscillator are investigated through experiment tests using LM13700 commercially available OTA.

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