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    A Numerical Simulation of the Kratom Plant Growth Model While Treated by a Specific Nutrient Using an Explicit Finite Difference Method
    (2025-01-01)
    Krongsamsri, Pitchayapa
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    Komthong, Nontalee
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    Yammeng, Jidapa
    ;
    ;
    Kratom refers to both Mitragyna speciosa, a tree native to Southeast Asia, and products manufactured from its leaves sold as herbal supplements. Kratom leaves contain a range of chemical compounds known as bioactive alkaloids, which have physiological effects. A mathematical model of the Kratom plant under a particular nutritional treatment will be provided in this research. Also, the methods for setting the initial condition and boundary condition will be presented. Also, as the plant grows, the solution's domain shifts every time. Techniques for adjusting the specific nutrient's physical parameters are also provided. With the use of an explicit finite difference method, the solutions are approximated. The specific nutritional concentrations are calculated for each height level. As shown, the specific nutrient will spread from the root to the apex of the trunk. The nutrient has the capacity to stimulate the growth of the Kratom. The specific nutrient concentration along the trunk may be measured using the proposed mathematical model as the Kratom plant grows each day. A proposed numerical model with a specific nutrient can be used to develop a precise model, such as a one-dimensional model of branches and foliage. It would be more captivating if the plant nutrients indicated here were researched for their ability to accelerate the growth of large or medium-sized Kratom plants. In conclusion, the study shows that calcium dihydrogen phosphate monohydrate may be useful as a growth promoter for Kratom plants and suggests a way to measure its effects quantitatively.
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    The serially coupled multiple ring resonator filters and vernier effect
    (2009-04-16) ;
    Yupapin, Preecha P.
    ;
    Saeung, Prajak
    The general characteristics of serially coupled multiple ring resonator (SMRR) filters are analyzed. In this case, the ring resonators of the SMRR have identical perimeters and the coupling coefficients distribution provides passband characteristics with steeper roll-off, flatter top and greater stopband rejection than a single ring resonator. In addition, we have also designed and simulated a nonsymmetric Vernier type of SMRR filters for improving a wide free spectral range (FSR) with different ring radii. To expand the FSR of the SMRR, Vernier filters are determined by the least common multiple of the FSR of individual ring resonators. The improvement in suppression of interstitial resonances is also investigated. A novel derivation of the optical transfer functions in Z-domain of SMRR filters is expressed employing a graphical approach to ring resonators with unequal perimeters that can be represented in signal flow graph diagrams.
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    The method for solving the split equality variational inequality problem and application
    Some method is introduced to solve the split equality variational inequality problem and we also apply our result to find solution of the split equality fixed problem and the null point problem of maximal monotone which are introduced by Moudafi and Al-Shemas [A. Moudafi, E. Al-Shemas, Simultaneous iterative methods for split equality problem, Trans. Math. Program. Appl. 1 (2013) 1–11] and Chang and Agarwal [S.S. Chang, R.P. Agarwal, Strong convergence theorems of general split equality problems for quasi-nonexpansive mappings, Journal of Inequalities and Applications 2014 (2014) 367], respectively.
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    A new technique for coincidence point theory in metric spaces endowed with graph
    Coincidence theory is a generalization of fixed point theory. There are many researchs combining fixed point theory and graph theory. In this paper, a new type of multi-valued mapping and g-l-graph preserving is proposed to prove a coincidence point theorem on complete metric spaces endowed with a directed graph. Supported examples of there main theorems are also introduced. Main results are sufficiently conditions for finding a vertex in the directed graph such that itself image of the defined surjective mapping is contained in the defined multivalued mapping. The proposed theorem can be apply use to obtain the similar result in a matrix space endowed with a partial order set.
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    Multi-stage ring resonator all-pass filters for dispersion compensation
    (2009-07-27) ;
    Yupapin, Preecha P.
    ;
    Saeung, Prajak
    This paper describes group delay time property of the multi-stage ring resonator all-pass filters (RRAPF) in either cascading single stages or using lattice architectures. The present analysis is restricted to directional couplers and waveguides characterized by various parameters, and careful design of these parameters can optimize the group delay response. The extra phase shifters of each single stage have been adjusted to yield a broadband group delay. By increasing the number of filter stages, a larger bandwidth over the dispersion can be obtained. This device is able to provide dispersion compensation to systems such as the high speed dense wavelength division multiplexer (DWDM) for the optical fiber communication system.
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    The split various variational inequalities problems for three hilbert spaces
    There are many methods for finding a common solution of a system of variational inequalities, a split equilibrium problem, and a hierarchical fixed-point problem in the setting of real Hilbert spaces. They proved the strong convergence theorem. Many split feasibility problems are generated in real Hillbert spaces. The open problem is proving a strong convergence theorem of three Hilbert spaces with different methods from the lasted method. In this research, a new split variational inequality in three Hilbert spaces is proposed. Important tools which are used to solve classical problems will be developed. The convergence theorem for finding a common element of the set of solution of such problems and the sets of fixed-points of discontinuous mappings has been proved.
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    Numerical quadratic interpolation for approximating time of death
    (2018-01-01) ;
    Kongprasert, Wittaya
    ;
    Kruemuen, Apiwat
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    Mataynam, Chitchanok
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    Time is one of the most important factors of consideration in a murder case. It might delicately convict a murderer, break a alibi, alternately dispose of a suspect. If the circumstances surrounding death indicate the possibility of homicide, then both the body and immediate surrounding area become crucial in estimating time of death. Estimating the time of death, especially in cases where there are no witnesses, is critical to the investigation. The governing equation is governed by the Newton's law of cooling that provides the time of death. The Lagrange quadratic interpolation technique is use to fitting the experimental data so as to gives the accurately thermal conductivity. The traditional Newton method is also employed to approximate the solution. The proposed numerical technique gives good agreement estimating time of death.