Klangnurak, Wanlada

Preferred name

Klangnurak, Wanlada

Alternative Name

Klangnurak, W.

Main Affiliation

School of Agricultural Technology

wanlada.kl@kmitl.ac.th

Now showing 1 - 10 of 18

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Mitochondrial DNA Analysis Suggests Invasion of Thailand Coast by a Single Species of Dreissenidae, Mytilopsis sallei
(2021-09-01)
Klangnurak, Wanlada
;
Wangkulangkul, Kringpaka
In 2001, a species of false mussel was recorded in coastal areas in southern Thailand. In 2008, established populations were reported in several estuaries and lagoons. Based on shell morphology, the bivalve was identified as a non-native species belonging to Dreissenidae. To date, populations have been observed in five locations in southern Thailand on both the Andaman and Gulf of Thailand coasts. The variation in shell morphology within and between these locations led us to question whether specimens in different locations belonged to different species. We used morphometric techniques to investigate variation in shell characteristics among the five locations and mtDNA (COI) analysis to investigate genetic variation. Shell characteristics varied among locations; the shell morphology of specimens from some locations on the Andaman coast appeared to be similar to that of specimens from the Gulf coast. Most specimens had long, prominent apophyses, but in some specimens they were rounded and not prominent. In spite of the high variation in shell morphology, molecular analysis indicated that all COI gene sequences of the specimens examined are nearly identical and belong to a single species, Mytilopsis sallei. Phylogenetic analyses also revealed the monophyly of 25 sequences between our specimens and other M. sallei sequences from GenBank, with high bootstrap support. Our recent findings suggest that the name M. sallei should be applied to the false mussel in southern Thailand. However, this merits confirmation with analysis using other molecular markers, and more specimens should be included.
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Dorsal fin morphology and phylogenetic insights in bamboo sharks (Chiloscyllium spp.)
(2026-05-01)
Laongdee, P.
;
Krajangdara, T.
;
Senanan, W.
;
Khudamrongsawat, J.
;
Panithanarak, T.
Two closely related species, C. hasseltii and C. griseum, showed overlapping shape variations in their first dorsal fins. However, the proportions of the first dorsal fin height/total length and the first dorsal fin inner margin/total length were observed to be significantly different between these two species. This difference can be integrated into the dichotomous key for Chiloscyllium. Phylogenetic analysis based on the cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene was consistent with the morphology of the first dorsal fin, indicating that C. punctatum differs from other Chiloscyllium species. However, phylogenetic tree based on the NADH dehydrogenase 2 (ND2) gene fragments grouped the clade of C. punctatum with other clades of Chiloscyllium. Most Chiloscyllium species formed monophyletic groups based on the two gene fragments, except for C. hasseltii and C. griseum, which clustered together. This research provides practical knowledge for field-based species identification and accurate classification within the genus Chiloscyllium, enhances our understanding of its phylogenetic relationships, and supports the future development of a field guide.
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Screening for microplastics in marine fish of Thailand: the accumulation of microplastics in the gastrointestinal tract of different foraging preferences
(2020-07-01)
Klangnurak, Wanlada
;
Chunniyom, Suwaree
Microplastics in marine organisms are nowadays considered a worldwide phenomenon. An action plan needs to establish to solve this marine pollutant. It requires multidisciplinary information, including the accumulation of data on microplastics in marine biota. The research of microplastic ingestion in the marine environment and organisms of Thailand is limited. As a result, this study was conducted to evaluate the accumulation of microplastics in marine fish from Thailand and to investigate whether the different foraging mechanisms of fish impact the occurrence of microplastics in their gastrointestinal tract. A total number of 361 demersal fish and 131 pelagic fish were investigated. The collected microplastics were counted according to their shape and color. Their polymer type was identified by FT-IR for the first time in fish from Thailand. Moreover, microplastics ingestion sorted by fish size was noted. The number of ingested microplastics in this study was relatively low compared to other locations. There was no significant difference in the number of microplastics ingested between demersal and pelagic fish (p = 0.132). Microplastic fibers were the dominant shape found in both demersal (82.76%) and pelagic fish (57.14%). The most common polymer type was polyamide in both demersal (55.17%) and pelagic fish (50.00%). The dominant microplastics color in both demersal and pelagic fish was red (31.03% and 28.57%, respectively). Microplastics ingestion along different fish sizes fluctuated. This study provides evidence to fill a gap of research relating to microplastic ingestion by fish from Thailand.
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DNA-based species identification of shark fins traded in thai markets
(2023-08-01)
Klangnurak, Wanlada
;
Arunrugstichai, Sirachai
;
Manopawitr, Petch
;
Krajangdara, Tassapon
Shark fins are among the most highly prized seafood products in the world with massive consumption in Asia over the past several decades. The demand for shark fins is a major driver of the enormous population declines of elasmobranchs that are generally vulnerable to overexploitation. This study aims to better understand the species composition of shark fin products in Thailand and their conservation statuses by using DNA-based species identification. Various types and sizes of shark fins were collected from 4 locations in Thailand. DNA barcoding method based on a fragment of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene was applied to species identification. Fins from at least 15 shark species were found from Thailand’s markets. The spottail shark (Carcharhinus sorrah) and the night shark (Carcharhinus signatus) were the two dominant species presented in this study. 34% of identifiable samples are the species that have not been record in this region. 62% of species detected from the fin samples are categorized under the threatened categories of IUCN Red List. Species composition reported in shark fin products potentially helps indicate the appropriate conservation action and increases awareness from monitoring the trade in elasmobranch products.
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Two new species of Aricidea (Aricidea) (Annelida: Paraonidae) from the Andaman coast and the Gulf of Thailand
(2026-07-03)
Plathong, Jintana
;
Plathong, Sakanan
;
Klangnurak, Wanlada
;
Ranauro, Natalia
;
Hernández-Alcantara, Pablo
Two new species of Paraonidae, Aricidea (Aricidea) pacharaphoni sp. nov., and A. (A.) sathingpra sp. nov., are described from the Southwestern Pacific. Aricidea (A.) pacharaphoni sp. nov., collected in the Andaman Coast and the Gulf of Thailand, is clearly distinguished from other species of Aricidea (Aricidea) by having an elongate, faintly annulated median antenna extending to chaetigers 3–7; chaetiger 3 with distinctive globose notopodial postchaetal lobes with long digitiform terminal tips; two types of branchiae, strap-like and foliaceous; and two types of modified neurochaetae, pseudocompound and stout acicular. Aricidea (A.) sathingpra sp. nov., was collected in the Gulf of Thailand and belongs to the articulated antenna group, being separated from all other species of this subgenus by having a triarticulated antenna; pair of distinctive round furrow protuberances on the prostomium; and 6–7 pairs of wide foliaceous branchiae. We suggested that the modification and shape of the notopodial postchaetal lobes in chaetiger 3 are an important morphological character to differentiate the species of this subgenus. Molecular phylogenetic and genetic distance analyses, based on cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene sequences support the recognition of Aricidea (A.) pacharaphoni sp. nov., as a distinct species. A taxonomic key for all world species of Aricidea (Aricidea) is included.
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The first evidence for genetic differentiation of a non-native false mussel Mytilopsis sallei (Récluz, 1849) in southern Thailand.
(2022-01-01)
Klangnurak, Wanlada
;
Sangphueak, Suphatsara
;
Wangkulangkul, Kringpaka
The false mussel Mytilopsis sallei (Récluz, 1849) is a bivalve indigenous to the tropical western Atlantic that has become invasive in Southeast-Asia. Establishment of M. sallei populations in Thailand was reported in 2008 and it has spread to several locations along both the Gulf of Thailand and Andaman Sea coasts. The survival of planktonic larvae of M. sallei in oceanic salinity is known to be poor so these populations may be a result of multiple introductions, and propagule exchanges between populations may be limited. To test this, we investigated the variability of cytochrome oxidase subunit I in M. sallei within and between spatially isolated locations, as well as between the Gulf of Thailand and Andaman Sea coasts. In total, 407 base pairs from 60 individuals across five locations were analysed. Differences in the genetic structure of M. sallei among the five populations from southern Thailand suggest that there is no connectivity between the Gulf of Thailand and Andaman Sea populations. The results revealed the presence of six of the 15 haplotypes known among Southeast-Asian populations of M. sallei. This study contributes to the understanding of population genetic structure of the non-native false mussel, M. sallei, in Southeast-Asia.
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DNA barcoding for elasmobranch diversity assessment in Thailand: Its advantages and limitations
(2025-10-01)
Khudamrongsawat, Jenjit
;
Krajangdara, Tassapon
;
Panithanarak, Thadsin
;
Karuwancharoen, Ratima
;
Klangnurak, Wanlada
The assessment of elasmobranch biodiversity in Thailand benefits greatly from the application of DNA barcoding, which helps mitigate the challenge posed by a shortage of expert taxonomists. Fragments of COI and ND2 mitochondrial DNA were examined, and the strengths and weaknesses of these two markers were compared. In this study, DNA products from 153 elasmobranch samples were amplifiable and revealed a total of 28 shark species and 32 batoid species. Many species could be confidently identified as their morphological characteristics aligned with DNA barcodes. However, several exceptions were recognized. The absence of reference sequences for rare species presented a challenge for species verification, and the misidentification of reference sequences, as well as changes in species names due to taxonomic revisions, added complexity when comparing DNA barcoding sequences. Conflicts between morphology and genetics were also observed. While intraspecific genetic variation based on both DNA barcodes generally indicated 0–2% variation, this metric could not always be used for species delimitation. This was particularly true for species displaying low genetic variation among closely related species and species where cryptic diversity remained hidden and yet to be uncovered. In such cases, the morphological characteristics of the samples served as the primary means of species identification. Despite these challenges, DNA barcoding remains an invaluable tool for biodiversity assessment, especially in light of the shortage of skilled experts, and for identification of products made from vulnerable species. However, it is essential to exercise caution and be aware of these complexities in its application.
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Resolving Species Identification and Distribution Patterns of Neotrygon spp. in Thai Waters: Inefficiency of Morphometric Analysis and the Power of COI Gene Barcoding and Phylogenetics
(2025-01-01)
Panithanarak, Thadsin
;
Karuwanjaroen, Ratima
;
Utama, Chanapa
;
Laongmanee, Penchan
;
Meejan, Titirat
Three species of maskrays in the genus Neotrygon have previously been reported in Thai waters. However, the high morphological similarity among species within the blue-spotted maskray complex (Neotrygon spp.) makes accurate identification challenging. This study aimed to confirm species identification in Neotrygon spp. using morphometric and genetic data and to further examine their phylogenetic relationships in Thai waters by analyzing mitochondrial COI (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I) sequences. Multivariate analysis (PCA) of 37 morphometric characters from 55 specimens proved insufficient for species-level discrimination. However, molecular phylogenetic analysis of 14 unique COI sequences from Thai waters, combined with 61 reference sequences from previously documented related species and closely related species, identified two monophyletic clades. These clades corresponded to two species: N. varidens, found exclusively in the Gulf of Thailand, and N. malaccensis, recorded for the first time in Thailand, occurring in both the Gulf of Thailand and the Andaman Sea. This DNA-based identification provides clear evidence for species boundaries within Thai Neotrygon species and highlights the importance of molecular tools for distinguishing morphologically similar marine species in the Indo-Pacific region.
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ANEMONE Global's First eDNA-Based Assessment: Insights Toward a Standardized Global Monitoring Network
(2026-01-01)
Sioud, Imane
;
Minegishi, Yuki
;
Kajita, Tadashi
;
Isowa, Yukinobu
;
Tanabe, Akifumi S.
Environmental DNA (eDNA) enables sensitive detection of species from environmental samples, particularly water. Large-scale, standardized monitoring of coastal fish communities remains challenging across diverse regions. The ANEMONE Global network was established to address this gap, expanding the workflow developed in Japan to a coordinated worldwide survey using standardized eDNA metabarcoding. Between June and November 2024, 12 countries, including several in Southeast Asia, collected surface water samples from beaches, rocky shores, estuaries, and near coastal protective structures using harmonized protocols for filtration, RNAlater preservation, and metadata recording. Daytime and nighttime sampling captured temporal variation in community composition. All samples were processed with the MiFish metabarcoding protocol, quantitative internal standards, and rigorous contamination controls. Analysis of 90 samples generated over 16.6 million high-quality reads, revealing more than 500 putative fish OTUs across diverse families, genera, and species. Species richness varied geographically, reflecting differences in fish fauna, and assemblages differed across the Atlantic, Indian, North Pacific, and South Pacific Oceans. Diel variation was most pronounced in the North Pacific, and diversity patterns reflected both habitat complexity and ocean basin, with waters adjacent to coastal protective structures and rocky shores supporting the highest diversity. These findings highlight how both habitat complexity and ocean basin geography shape coastal fish assemblages, offering insights for global marine biodiversity monitoring using eDNA. This survey demonstrates that a globally standardized eDNA workflow can generate comparable quality data across ecological and logistical contexts. By combining international collaboration, open data, and locally informed implementation, ANEMONE Global provides a framework for long-term, high-resolution monitoring of coastal biodiversity and sets the stage for expanding coverage to additional aquatic ecosystems worldwide.
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Spatial–temporal shifts of ponyfish (Perciformes: Leiognathidae) diversity in by-catch of trawl fishery, including morph variation of Photopectoralis bindus
(2022-01-01)
Klangnurak, Wanlada
;
True, James D.
Ponyfish (Perciformes: Leiognathidae) are a diverse group of mainly small, planktivorous fishes that comprise much of the teleost component found in the by-catch of trawlers in Thai waters. The generic taxonomy of ponyfish has been revised many times, which has resulted in confusion in the historical records of fishing data. Moreover, since two monsoon seasons affect the different coasts of Thailand at different times of the year, their effects are likely to have separate impacts on marine fish diversity in Thailand according to the time of year. By-catch samples totaling 25,439 ponyfish were collected from commercial fishing vessels during three sampling episodes in each of two Andaman Sea provinces and three provinces in the Gulf of Thailand. Ponyfish samples were identified to the species level and taxonomical ambiguity was dealt with by DNA sequencing against GenBank to identify the specie. From these data, the spatial and temporal community diversity and abundance were calculated. Richness and total abundance were significantly different between seasons but not between the two sides of the Thai peninsula. Diversity of ponyfish in bycatch was least during the monsoon transition period or the dry season. Morphological variation of Photopectoralis bindus has been a source of taxonomic confusion in the past, but here, the use of DNA sequencing in addition to body ratio data analysis reinforces taxonomic clarity and suggests population-level structuring that may explain these issues. These findings indicate the role of seasonal fluctuations in biodiversity maintenance for fisheries management in Thailand.

Klangnurak, Wanlada

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