Karin, Preechar

Preferred name

Karin, Preechar

Alternative Name

Karin, P.

Karin, Preecha

Main Affiliation

School of Engineering

preechar.ka@kmitl.ac.th

Now showing 1 - 10 of 16

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EFFECT OF BIODIESEL ON COMPRESSION IGNITION ENGINE’S COMBUSTION BEHAVIOR AND PARTICLE EMISSION
(2020-11-11)
Tripatara, A.
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Karin, P.
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Phairote, W.
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Charoenphonphanich, C.
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Masomtob, M.
Diesel Engines are widely known for a high compression ratio, which is proportional to the engine’s efficiency. The effect from direct injection of a diesel engine generates particulate matter (PM). PMs are mainly composed of Soot and Metallic Ash, which are harmful to human health. This research describes thermal efficiency, engine performance and combustion behavior at various load (20%, 50%, and 80%) and fuel (B7, B20, and B100) by using combustion pressure analyzer. The experimental results demonstrated that B100 has the highest ISFC and lowest ISEC for all test series owing to the highest indicated thermal efficiencies. Operating load and fuel are strongly proportional to heat release rate and ignition delay. The heat release rate of low load condition is retarded compare with medium and high load. Conventional diesel and biodiesel PMs were investigated by using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The average size of ultrafine particles that obtained from the experiment are range of 50-500 nm and primary nanoparticle size of B7 and B100 are in range of 25-50 nm.
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Oxidation Kinetics of Soot on Acicular Mullite Membrane Filter Using Electron Microscopy and Thermogravimetric Analysis
(2020-12-01)
Saenkhumvong, Eakkawut
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Karin, Preechar
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Charoenphonphanich, Chinda
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Vittayakorn, Naratip
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Hanamura, Katsunori
This paper investigates the oxidation kinetics of carbon black on acicular mullite using thermogravimetric (TGA) and mullite microstructures by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for the development of diesel particulate filters (DPFs). It is observed that the amount of each chemical composition strongly affects the structure of mullite. The addition of AlF<inf>3</inf> and V<inf>2</inf>O<inf>5</inf> to mullite promotes the growth of needle-shaped mullite crystals. Thermogravimetric analysis was used to investigate and characterize chemical kinetics of soot oxidation for better understanding of designs and configurations of diesel particulate filters. The mass conversion of soot on the acicular mullite (ACM) is oxidized faster than that on the mullite (ML) membrane at all temperatures examined. The calculation of apparent activation energy (E<inf>a</inf>) of soot oxidation with isothermal methods on mullite was presented. The results showed that activation energy of soot oxidation is enhanced with ACM than with ML at all temperatures examined. The average calculated apparent activation energy of soot oxidation on ACM and ML are 146.4 kJ/mole and 155.3 kJ/mole, respectively.
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Physicochemical Characterization of Diesel Engine’s Soot and Metal Oxide Ash Nanoparticles Using Electron Microscopy, EDS and TGA
(2021-06-01)
Karin, Preechar
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Koko, Phyozin
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Charoenphonphanich, Chinda
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Chollacoop, Nuwong
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Hanamura, Katsunori
Physicochemical characteristics of metal oxide ash derived from engine oil additives on particulate matter (PM) from a diesel direct injection compression ignition (DDI-CI) engine, in terms of nanostructure and oxidation kinetics, were investigated through electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and isothermal thermogravimetric analysis. Diesel and synthetic biodiesel were used as the baseline fuel. Engine performance and combustion characteristics of neat diesel and synthetic biodiesel fuel were initially reported. To enhance the formation of ash derived from lubricant additives, an accelerated ash loading method was used by dosing 10% by mass directly into the fuels. Different single primary particle nanostructures of soot and metal oxide ash were clearly observed. Single primary particle nanostructure of soot was a spherical shape composed of curve line carbon crystallites, while nanostructure of metal oxide ash was a spherically round outline shape comprised with parallel straight-line lattice fringes. Soot oxidation kinetics was significantly enhanced due to the presence of metal oxide ashes in the engine’s PM. In addition, the elemental analysis of metal oxide ash, derived from engine oil additives, was investigated using electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.
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Physicochemical characterization of direct injection Engines's soot using TEM, EDS, X-ray diffraction and TGA
(2021-06-01)
Oo, Hay Mon
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Karin, Preechar
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Charoenphonphanich, Chinda
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Chollacoop, Nuwong
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Hanamura, Katsunori
The physical characteristics and elemental composition of particulate matters (PMs) from gasoline direct injection spark ignition (GDI-SI) engines were successfully investigated using transmission electron microscopy - energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (TEM-EDS). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to analyze the PMs oxidation. The morphology of agglomerated GDI-PMs is not significantly different from the diesel direct injection compression ignition (DDI-CI) engine's PMs. The spherical single primary nanoparticles of the engine's soot composed of curve line carbon crystallites. The average diameter size of the single primary nanoparticles of GDI, DDI, and carbon black are approximately 24 nm, 26 nm, and 31 nm, while the inter-planar spacing is about 0.364 nm, 0.358 nm, and 0.356 nm, respectively. The total fringe lengths of GDI, DDI, and carbon black are approximately 154 nm, 159 nm, and 163 nm measured from the areas of 10 nm × 10 nm inner core regions of primary nanoparticles, and are 180 nm, 195 nm, and 228 nm from the outer shell regions, respectively. The total fringe lengths of inner core are shorter than the outer shell. Besides, the engine's PMs contains both crystalline and amorphous carbon structure using XRD analysis. The GDI-PMs had the least crystalline structure compared to the DDI-PMs and carbon black due to the higher percentage of amorphous fraction. TGA analysis showed that the GDI-PMs oxidation was faster than the DDI-PMs and CB-N330 oxidation because of the primary particle size, the fringe length, and the crystal size which have an impact on oxidation kinetics of particulate matters.
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Effect of Soot Particle Size on Four Ball Metallic Wear Using Electron Microscopy Image Analysis
(2020-06-01)
Karin, Preechar
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Amornprapa, Warawut
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Watanawongskorn, Park
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Saenkhumvong, Eakkawut
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Charoenphonphanich, Chinda
The impact of soot primary nanoparticles affecting metal wear was investigated. The commercial Carbon Black (CB) with different primary particle sizes were mixed with the engine oil for simulating soot contamination. The physical properties of carbon black including density and hardness were calculated using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) image analysis. The metallic wear test was evaluated by using a Four-ball wear tester. After the tests, the ball surfaces were inspected by utilizing High-Resolution Optical Microscope (OM), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis. Based on a Four-ball wear test, the 1 % by weight of carbon black contamination shows a bit higher average wear scar diameter (WSD), but the surface roughness is reduced. SEM micrograph of metallic wear scar for the engine oil without soot shows the area of grooves, plastic deformation and subsurface crack. On the other hand, when carbon black is added to the oil, it can be seen that there are many deep grooves along with the sliding direction. The relationship of calculated oil film thickness, primary nanoparticle size distribution, carbon atom density of soot and hardness is clearly explained metallic wear mechanisms.
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The impact of a metallic partial-flow particulate filter on diesel engine combustion and emission characteristics using palm oil biodiesel blends
(2024-02-01)
Thin, Myat Hsu
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Liu, Hai
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Thaeviriyakul, Poonnut
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Wai, Phyo
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Oh, Ban Seok
Reducing particulate emissions from diesel engines pose a significant challenge in developing countries due to increasingly stringent regulations for both new and older vehicles. While employing wall-flow filters have proven effective for new vehicles, older vehicles necessitate alternative approaches to particulate filtration without complex modifications. Partial flow filters exhibit advantages in such scenarios, characterized by their lack of external components, simplified design, minimal maintenance demands, and resilience to misfuelling. The present study mainly focuses on the evaluation of a partial flow diesel particulate filter (P-DPF) installed on a diesel direct injection compression ignition engine, operating on commercial biodiesel blends, specifically B10 and B20. According to the combustion analyses, the combustion pressure, temperature, and the heat release rate increased with the kinetic energy inside the residual gas molecules due to installation of the P-DPF system. This also resulted in higher indicated power as well as indicated thermal efficiency. However, brake-specific fuel consumption and brake-specific energy consumption, exhibited only a marginal increase, while brake thermal efficiency experienced a slight decrease of 0.65% in the case of B10 and 0.74% for B20 after the installation of the P-DPF system due to the friction loss by the filter backpressure. Furthermore, an incremental increase in exhaust backpressure was observed, ranging from 0.2 kPa at 1000 rpm and 56 Nm to 2.25 kPa at 2000 rpm and 140 Nm. An analysis of emissions limits showed a notable 65% reduction in soot emissions. Comparative analyses were conducted to assess the impact of P-DPF installation on a diesel engine without any manual changes. Ultimately, the partial flow filter (P-DPF) emerges as an effective initial measure in mitigating particulate matter emissions, particularly when employed in a retrofit exhaust after-treatment system.
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Effect of Metallic Microfiber Flow Through Diesel Particulate Filter System on Diesel Engine’s Particle Emission Physicochemical Characteristics
(2023-03-01)
Oh, Ban seok
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Thaeviriyakul, Poonnut
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Phairote, Watanyoo
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Srilomsak, Mek
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Charoenphonphanich, Chinda
It is well known that particulate matter (PM) from diesel compression ignition engines is harmful to the environment and to human health. To reduce engine PM emissions, exhaust after-treatment systems are utilized. A basic high-performance system can be composed of a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) and diesel particulate filter (DPF). This study used a system composed of a DOC and a partial flow DPF. Partial flow refers to how only a portion of the exhaust gas is filtered using metal fibrous filters instead of the full flow using ceramic filters. The PM deposited on the side wall of the stages of the system was investigated with respect to elemental composition, morphology, and nanostructure. This was to determine the effect of each component on the PM. The elemental composition analysis found traces of the engine lubricant oil in the PM collected before entering the DOC. This was then eliminated by the DOC and the remaining PM was not significantly impacted by the exhaust after-treatment system. The morphology and nanostructure show an interesting relationship where the size of the single primary particles increased while the graphitic nature of the carbon in the PM seemed to decrease. This can be explained by the simultaneous nature of partial trapping and partial oxidation that occurs in the partial-flow DPF. The emission measurements of opacity, temperature, CO<inf>2</inf>, NO, and O<inf>2</inf> from each position also support this.
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Influence of ethanol-biodiesel blends on diesel engines combustion behavior and particulate matter physicochemical characteristics
(2022-12-01)
Karin, Preechar
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Tripatara, Aphichai
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Wai, Phyo
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Oh, Ban Seok
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Charoenphonphanich, Chinda
Ethanol-blended biodiesel fuel can reduce smoke emissions by over 50% on both a single-cylinder engine and a four-cylinder engine. The average single primary particle size of biodiesel blended diesel, biodiesel, and ethanol blended biodiesel soot are approximately 30, 27, and 29 nm, respectively. The maximum graphene fringe length of biodiesel blended diesel, biodiesel, and ethanol blended biodiesel CI engine's soot are approximately 5.2, 4.6, and 4.5 nm. The carbon atom density of soot particles emitted from the diesel, biodiesel, and ethanol blended biodiesel CI engines are approximately 102, 91, and 88 atoms/nm3.
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Experimental investigation of the influence of ethanol and biodiesel on common rail direct injection diesel Engine's combustion and emission characteristics
(2022-11-01)
Wai, Phyo
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Kanokkhanarat, Phobkrit
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Oh, Ban Seok
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Wongpattharaworakul, Veerayut
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Depaiwa, Nattawoot
This study aims to characterize the effect of oxygenated biofuels in diesel engine combustion, thermal efficiency, and emission by blending different percentages of ethanol and biodiesel with fossil fuel derived diesel. In this research, 5% and 10% by weight of bioethanol were added to commercial B10 (10% biodiesel and 90% diesel), B20 (20% biodiesel and 80% diesel) and B100 (100% biodiesel) and experimented on using a 3 L four-cylinder common rail diesel engine. The experiment was performed under three engine speeds of 1000 rpm, 1500 rpm, and 2000 rpm with three constant engine torques of 56 Nm, 84 Nm, and 140 Nm. The results show that ethanol-biodiesel-diesel ternary blended fuels are higher in premixed combustion pressure and net heat release rate (NHRR) peaks. The cumulative heat release of ethanol blended fuels is also higher for ethanol blended fuels. The fuel consumption increased with the ethanol and biodiesel percentage in the blended fuels due to the lower heating value while the brake thermal efficiency did not decrease. It was clearly observed that the particle emission could be reduced by more than 50% when ethanol and biodiesel percentage increased.
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Effect of a retrofitted metallic microfiber partial flow diesel particulate filter on a light duty diesel vehicle particle emission characteristics
(2024-02-01)
Mon Phyo, Mi Zwe
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Phairote, Watanyoo
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Srilomsak, Mek
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Charoenphonphanich, Chinda
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Masomtob, Manop
This study was conducted two distinct experiments, using a light-duty diesel vehicle at various engine speeds and loads as well as the new European driving cycle (NEDC) comparing commercial diesel fuel (B7) and pure biodiesel (B100). The NEDC involves a combination of urban and extra urban driving conditions. It aims to study a diesel vehicle's thermal efficiency as well as its gaseous and particulate matter (PM) emissions. This involves comparing results with and with no diesel oxidative catalyst (DOC) and a partial flow diesel particulate filter (PDPF) system. The surface morphology, micro- and nanostructure of a diesel vehicle's PM were also examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) to determine nanostructural and dimensional changes after mounting a DOC-PDPF system. Comparison of B7 and B100 combustion showed that B100 had around 1 % increase in brake thermal efficiency (BTE) at 1500 and 2000 rpm compared to B7 since B100 is a more oxygenated biofuel. At 2500 rpm, similar BTE values were observed. Introduction of a DOC-PDPF system resulted in an approximately 1 % BTE reduction for both fuels. This was due to greater friction losses caused by backpressure from the DOC-PDPF system. Increased exhaust backpressure was progressive, ranging from 1 kPa at idle speed to 6 kPa at high engine speeds for both tested fuels. The DOC-PDPF system respectively minimized PM emissions and particle numbers (PNs) by more than 50 % and 35 % for B7 and 71 % and 31 % for B100. These results are average values under the various phases of NEDC testing. A 30 % decrease in PM and a 44 % reduction in PNs under the overall test cycle were found when B100 was tested compared to B7. The soot primary particle size was reduced from 34.69 to 29.08 nm and the carbon fringe length diminished from 1.25 to 0.949 nm at different pre- and post-DOC-PDPF locations. This was due to partial oxidation on the surfaces of the PDPF metallic microstructure. PM undergoes simultaneous partial oxidation after passing through the DOC-PDPF system, as confirmed by TGA analysis.

Karin, Preechar

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