Charoenphonphanich, Chinda

Preferred name

Alternative Name

Charoenphonphanich, C.

Main Affiliation

School of Engineering

chinda.ch@kmitl.ac.th

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Effects of variable O2 concentrations and injection pressures on the combustion and emissions characteristics of the petro-diesel and hydrotreated vegetable oil-based fuels under the simulated diesel engine condition
(2018-12-01)
Vo, C.
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Charoenphonphanich, C.
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Karin, P.
;
Susumu, S.
;
Hidenori, K.
This experimental research investigates the effects of variable O<inf>2</inf> concentrations and injection pressures on the combustion and emissions characteristics of the diesel (B7) and the hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO)-based fuels. The O<inf>2</inf> concentrations included 21%, 15% and 10% O<inf>2</inf>, while the injection pressures were 80 and 120 MPa. The experimental fuels were the diesel fuel (B7), the neat HVO, the 20%, 50% and 80% HVO (by mass fraction) blended with the diesel. The experiments were carried out in a rapid compression-expansion machine (RCEM) under the direct injection (DI) diesel combustion condition. The analysis was undertaken using the two-color method. The experimental results indicated that the ignition delay, the heat release rate, the flame temperature, the soot density-KL factor, the NO<inf>x</inf> and soot-out emissions were inversely correlated to the HVO fraction in the blend. In addition, the findings revealed the similar flame profiles in which the higher flame temperature region and the darker KL density were concentrated around the spray flame upstream, regardless of the HVO mixing ratio. Besides, the decrease in the O<inf>2</inf> concentration resulted in the lower heat release rate, integral heat release, flame temperature, KL factor and NO<inf>x</inf> emissions but the longer ignition delay and higher soot concentration, with the highest soot concentration observed under the 15% O<inf>2</inf> environment. Nevertheless, the higher pressure differential (i.e. between the injection pressure and the ambient pressure) contributed to the shorter ignition delay, higher heat release rate, early peak of the flame temperature, wider combustion area, faster soot oxidation rate and higher NO<inf>x</inf> production.
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Injection Characteristics of Palm Methyl Ester Blended with Diesel Using Zuech’s Chamber
(2018-06-01)
Srichai, Prathan
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Ewphun, Pop Paul
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Charoenphonphanich, Chinda
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Karin, Preechar
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Tongroon, Manida
This research attempts to characterize the injection of palm biodiesel blended with diesel in a Zuech’s chamber. Thailand conventional diesel (mandated blend of biodiesel at 5 % or B5), palm biodiesel (B100) and four other biodiesel blends ratios (B20, B40, B60 and B80) were investigated with single hole injector of 140 and 200 μm diameters, injection pressure of 40 MPa to 160 MPa, constant back pressure of 4.5 MPa and energize time of 2.5 ms. The results show that increasing biodiesel blending ratios leads to longer injection delay, larger injection pressure drop, smaller injection quantity discharge coefficient (C<inf>d</inf>) and shorter injection duration. With increasing biodiesel blending ratio, high Cavitation number from biodiesel viscosity decreases Reynolds number. Increasing injector diameter from 140 μm to 200 μm has reduced injection delay, increased fuel injection quantity, discharge coefficient and remaining injection duration. The increasing of injection pressure were improve, injection delay, injection duration, injection quantity and discharge coefficient until injection pressure 120 MPa. In addition at injection pressure over 120 MPa are decrease injection quantity and discharge coefficient, it effect form the cavitation phenomena. Increasing of viscosity, density, Bulk modulus and sound velocity were effect to increase injection delay, with reduce injection quantity, injection duration and pressure drop during injection process.
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EFFECT OF BIODIESEL ON COMPRESSION IGNITION ENGINE’S COMBUSTION BEHAVIOR AND PARTICLE EMISSION
(2020-11-11)
Tripatara, A.
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Karin, P.
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Phairote, W.
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Charoenphonphanich, C.
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Masomtob, M.
Diesel Engines are widely known for a high compression ratio, which is proportional to the engine’s efficiency. The effect from direct injection of a diesel engine generates particulate matter (PM). PMs are mainly composed of Soot and Metallic Ash, which are harmful to human health. This research describes thermal efficiency, engine performance and combustion behavior at various load (20%, 50%, and 80%) and fuel (B7, B20, and B100) by using combustion pressure analyzer. The experimental results demonstrated that B100 has the highest ISFC and lowest ISEC for all test series owing to the highest indicated thermal efficiencies. Operating load and fuel are strongly proportional to heat release rate and ignition delay. The heat release rate of low load condition is retarded compare with medium and high load. Conventional diesel and biodiesel PMs were investigated by using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The average size of ultrafine particles that obtained from the experiment are range of 50-500 nm and primary nanoparticle size of B7 and B100 are in range of 25-50 nm.
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Oxidation Kinetics of Soot on Acicular Mullite Membrane Filter Using Electron Microscopy and Thermogravimetric Analysis
(2020-12-01)
Saenkhumvong, Eakkawut
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Karin, Preechar
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Charoenphonphanich, Chinda
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Vittayakorn, Naratip
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Hanamura, Katsunori
This paper investigates the oxidation kinetics of carbon black on acicular mullite using thermogravimetric (TGA) and mullite microstructures by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for the development of diesel particulate filters (DPFs). It is observed that the amount of each chemical composition strongly affects the structure of mullite. The addition of AlF<inf>3</inf> and V<inf>2</inf>O<inf>5</inf> to mullite promotes the growth of needle-shaped mullite crystals. Thermogravimetric analysis was used to investigate and characterize chemical kinetics of soot oxidation for better understanding of designs and configurations of diesel particulate filters. The mass conversion of soot on the acicular mullite (ACM) is oxidized faster than that on the mullite (ML) membrane at all temperatures examined. The calculation of apparent activation energy (E<inf>a</inf>) of soot oxidation with isothermal methods on mullite was presented. The results showed that activation energy of soot oxidation is enhanced with ACM than with ML at all temperatures examined. The average calculated apparent activation energy of soot oxidation on ACM and ML are 146.4 kJ/mole and 155.3 kJ/mole, respectively.
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Impact of Engine Oil Additives on Nanostructure and Oxidation Kinetics of Diesel and Synthetic Biodiesel Particulate Matters using Electron Microscopy
(2019-12-19)
Koko, Phyozin
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Karin, Preechar
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Charoenphonphanich, Chinda
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Chollacoop, Nuwong
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Hanamura, Katsunori
Physicochemical characteristics of particulate matters which are influenced by engine oil additives from engine combustion of diesel and synthetic biodiesel: Hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) were successfully investigated using electron microscopy, electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The agglomerate structure of diesel PM, HVO PM and diesel blending lubricant PM are similar in micro-scales. However, nanostructure of soot is a spherical shape composed of curve line crystallites while the metal oxide ash nanostructure is composed of parallel straight line hatch patterns. The oxidation kinetics of fuel blending lubricant PMs are higher than neat fuel PMs due to catalytic effect of incombustible metal additives from engine lubricating oil.
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Physical characterization of biodiesel particle emission by electron microscopy
(2013-01-01)
Karin, Preechar
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Songsaengchan, Yutthana
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Laosuwan, Songtam
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Charoenphonphanich, Chinda
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Chollacoop, Nuwong
Nanostructures of diesel and biodiesel engine particulate matters (PMs) were investigated by using a Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The average single particle sizes of biodiesel and diesel PMs are approximately 30-40 nm and 50-60 nm, respectively. Image processing process was used to estimate each carbon platelet length by using TEM image. The average carbon platelet length of biodiesel and diesel PMs are in the range of 0.1-7.0 nm. Moreover, carbon atoms per cubic volume of PMs are approximately 500-900. The result shows that engine load and fuel property are strongly impact on the size of single particle and carbon atom density of particle. This is one of interesting behaviors need to be investigated for better understanding. The results of this research would be used as basic information for design and develop removing process of PM emitted from engine combustion which using in diesel and biodiesel fuels. © Copyright @2013 SAE Japan and Copyright @ 2013 SAE International.
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Physicochemical Characterization of Diesel Engine’s Soot and Metal Oxide Ash Nanoparticles Using Electron Microscopy, EDS and TGA
(2021-06-01)
Karin, Preechar
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Koko, Phyozin
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Charoenphonphanich, Chinda
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Chollacoop, Nuwong
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Hanamura, Katsunori
Physicochemical characteristics of metal oxide ash derived from engine oil additives on particulate matter (PM) from a diesel direct injection compression ignition (DDI-CI) engine, in terms of nanostructure and oxidation kinetics, were investigated through electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and isothermal thermogravimetric analysis. Diesel and synthetic biodiesel were used as the baseline fuel. Engine performance and combustion characteristics of neat diesel and synthetic biodiesel fuel were initially reported. To enhance the formation of ash derived from lubricant additives, an accelerated ash loading method was used by dosing 10% by mass directly into the fuels. Different single primary particle nanostructures of soot and metal oxide ash were clearly observed. Single primary particle nanostructure of soot was a spherical shape composed of curve line carbon crystallites, while nanostructure of metal oxide ash was a spherically round outline shape comprised with parallel straight-line lattice fringes. Soot oxidation kinetics was significantly enhanced due to the presence of metal oxide ashes in the engine’s PM. In addition, the elemental analysis of metal oxide ash, derived from engine oil additives, was investigated using electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.
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Physicochemical characterization of direct injection Engines's soot using TEM, EDS, X-ray diffraction and TGA
(2021-06-01)
Oo, Hay Mon
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Karin, Preechar
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Charoenphonphanich, Chinda
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Chollacoop, Nuwong
;
Hanamura, Katsunori
The physical characteristics and elemental composition of particulate matters (PMs) from gasoline direct injection spark ignition (GDI-SI) engines were successfully investigated using transmission electron microscopy - energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (TEM-EDS). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to analyze the PMs oxidation. The morphology of agglomerated GDI-PMs is not significantly different from the diesel direct injection compression ignition (DDI-CI) engine's PMs. The spherical single primary nanoparticles of the engine's soot composed of curve line carbon crystallites. The average diameter size of the single primary nanoparticles of GDI, DDI, and carbon black are approximately 24 nm, 26 nm, and 31 nm, while the inter-planar spacing is about 0.364 nm, 0.358 nm, and 0.356 nm, respectively. The total fringe lengths of GDI, DDI, and carbon black are approximately 154 nm, 159 nm, and 163 nm measured from the areas of 10 nm × 10 nm inner core regions of primary nanoparticles, and are 180 nm, 195 nm, and 228 nm from the outer shell regions, respectively. The total fringe lengths of inner core are shorter than the outer shell. Besides, the engine's PMs contains both crystalline and amorphous carbon structure using XRD analysis. The GDI-PMs had the least crystalline structure compared to the DDI-PMs and carbon black due to the higher percentage of amorphous fraction. TGA analysis showed that the GDI-PMs oxidation was faster than the DDI-PMs and CB-N330 oxidation because of the primary particle size, the fringe length, and the crystal size which have an impact on oxidation kinetics of particulate matters.
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Effect of Soot Particle Size on Four Ball Metallic Wear Using Electron Microscopy Image Analysis
(2020-06-01)
Karin, Preechar
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Amornprapa, Warawut
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Watanawongskorn, Park
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Saenkhumvong, Eakkawut
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Charoenphonphanich, Chinda
The impact of soot primary nanoparticles affecting metal wear was investigated. The commercial Carbon Black (CB) with different primary particle sizes were mixed with the engine oil for simulating soot contamination. The physical properties of carbon black including density and hardness were calculated using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) image analysis. The metallic wear test was evaluated by using a Four-ball wear tester. After the tests, the ball surfaces were inspected by utilizing High-Resolution Optical Microscope (OM), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis. Based on a Four-ball wear test, the 1 % by weight of carbon black contamination shows a bit higher average wear scar diameter (WSD), but the surface roughness is reduced. SEM micrograph of metallic wear scar for the engine oil without soot shows the area of grooves, plastic deformation and subsurface crack. On the other hand, when carbon black is added to the oil, it can be seen that there are many deep grooves along with the sliding direction. The relationship of calculated oil film thickness, primary nanoparticle size distribution, carbon atom density of soot and hardness is clearly explained metallic wear mechanisms.
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Oxidation kinetics of small CI engine’s biodiesel particulate matter
(2015-04-01)
Karin, P.
;
Borhanipour, M.
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Songsaengchan, Y.
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Laosuwan, S.
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Charoenphonphanich, C.
Particulate matters (PMs) oxidation kinetics by Thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) was successfully studied. The chemical content percentage of PM can be divided by oxidation temperature zoning in three main regions which are moisture, unburned hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon. It is clearly observed that the amount of each region is strongly depending on engine operating condition, the amount of unburned HC in low load condition of the engine load are larger than that of high load condition. The calculated apparent activation energies of biodiesel PM oxidation are lower than that of diesel PM and carbon black because of unburned oxygenated molecule. The calculated apparent activation energy of biodiesel and diesel PMs oxidize with air is in the range of 147–157 kJ/mole and 153–165 kJ/mole, respectively. The results of this research would be used as basic information for design and develop removing process of particulate matter emitted from engine combustion which using in diesel and biodiesel fuels.

Charoenphonphanich, Chinda

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