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    Gold nanorods enhanced resonance Rayleigh scattering for detection of Hg2+ by in-situ mixing with single-stranded DNA
    (2018-02-01)
    Ngernpimai, Sawinee
    ;
    Matulakun, Piyaporn
    ;
    ;
    Puangmali, Theerapong
    ;
    Kopwitthaya, Atcha
    A resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) method for determination of Hg<sup>2+</sup> concentration using positively charged gold nanorods (GNRs) and thymine-rich single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) was developed. Hg<sup>2+</sup> can induce a conformation change of ssDNA from a random coil to a hairpin structure via thymine–Hg<sup>2+</sup>–thymine coordination. Hairpin shaped DNA possesses a high density of negative charges, therefore it caused in a drastic aggregation of GNRs. This resulted in an enhancement of RRS intensity. In this work, a change in RRS intensity proportional to the concentration of Hg<sup>2+</sup> was monitored by spectrofluorometer at excitation and RRS wavelengths of 550 nm (λ<inf>ex</inf> = λ<inf>RRS</inf>). This method offered a detection limit of 0.23 nM, which is lower than the maximum mercury contaminant level specified by the US Environmental Protection Agency. Good precision of analysis was obtained (3.1% relative standard deviation). Furthermore, the method was simple, involving in-situ mixing and sensing in a one-pot solution. Detection was accomplished in 5 min. This makes the method advantageous in terms of convenience and rapidity of analysis. The developed method was successfully applied for detection of Hg<sup>2+</sup> in tap water samples. Recoveries were found in range of 100.6–119.0%.