Kuson, Pramote

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Systematic evaluation of spectral preprocessing and machine learning for near-infrared prediction of mechanical stability in complex colloidal systems
(2026-06-30)
Suttho, Pisit
;
Phetpan, Kittisak
;
Al Riza, Dimas Firmanda
;
Lim, Chin Hock
;
Kuson, Pramote
Natural rubber latex (NRL) is a critical industrial material, with concentrated rubber latex (CRL) serving as a major export product. Among its quality parameters, mechanical stability time (MST) is particularly important, reflecting colloidal stability and influencing downstream applications such as glove and balloon manufacturing. Conventional MST testing, however, relies on reagents, manual agitation, and visual assessment, making it labor-intensive, operator-dependent, and unsuitable for real-time quality monitoring. Since variations in proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates strongly govern MST, near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy offers a promising non-destructive alternative by probing their molecular vibrations. This study developed a near-process NIR instrumentation system integrated with machine learning (ML) to predict MST in CRL. Spectral signals were preprocessed using eight techniques and modeled with five supervised regression algorithms. The best-performing configuration, Savitzky-Golay second derivative and orthogonal signal correction coupled with partial least squares regression, yielded high predictive accuracy, with coefficient of determination for prediction (R2<inf>p</inf>) of 0.94 and ratio of performance to deviation (RPD) of 4.2. This performance demonstrates the system's ability to extract chemically relevant information governing latex stability. The proposed NIR-ML framework provides a rapid, reagent-free, and scalable alternative to conventional MST testing, addressing the limitations of existing methods and supporting industrial quality monitoring. This approach is also transferable to the analysis of complex colloidal systems across diverse applications. Furthermore, the study provides mechanistic insight into how spectral preprocessing enhances the extraction of chemically meaningful information, establishing a physically interpretable framework for NIR-based analysis of such complex systems.
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A young-coconut-fruit-opening machine
(2007-10-01)
Jarimopas, Bundit
;
Kuson, Pramote
The purpose of this research was to design, construct, and evaluate a prototype machine for opening young coconut fruit. The design concept was that a trimmed coconut could be opened by causing a small sharp knife to gradually move and shear off a circular section of the husk and shell at the top of the rotating fruit. The prototype consisted of a fruit holder, a height control mechanism, a knife and its feed controller, and a power transmission system. In operation, the small stainless-steel knife slowly penetrates through the husk and shell of the turning fruit in a direction approximately perpendicular to its surface. The rotation of the fruit causes the husk and shell to be cut by the sharp edge of the knife, which results in the formation of a circular opening at the top of the fruit. In this study, the key design parameters and their operation settings were determined as follows: the angle between the knife and the rotating plane (horizontal) was 50°; the angle between the knife cutting edge and the tangential line to the circular opening was 50°; the knife feeding speed was 50 mm/min; and the fruit rotation speed was 80 rpm. Based on these design parameters, a commercial prototype was manufactured and tested. The prototype had the capacity to open an item of fruit at an average time of 30 s. A 58-mm-diameter opening was cut and a mean 0.2% of the juice was spilled, while the juice that remained contained 0.2 g of fine pieces of shell and husk. The mechanically opened coconuts were well received by consumers. © 2007 IAgrE.
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Demonstration tests of infrared peeling system with electrical emitters for tomatoes
(2016-01-01)
Pan, Zhongli
;
El Mashad, H. M.
;
Li, X.
;
Khir, R.
;
Atungulu, G.
Infrared (IR) dry-peeling is an emerging technology that could avoid the drawbacks of steam and lye peeling of tomatoes. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the performance of an IR peeling system at two tomato processing plants in California and to compare product quality, peelability, and energy consumption of IR and steam peeling. The system was continuously operated using tomatoes of different sizes and cultivars. High percentages (62% to 85%) of fully peeled tomatoes were obtained and varied depending on tomato cultivar and seasonality. IR dry-peeled tomatoes had a firmer texture than steam and lye peeled tomatoes. IR peeling achieved a peeling loss in the range of 17% to 42%, which was lower than typical loss in the industry. Small tomatoes had higher loss than large tomatoes in the late season. Thermal energy consumption of the proposed technology in full-scale production (10 ton h-1) is predicted to be 117.0 and 137.3 MJ ton-1 for indoor and outdoor operation, respectively. The estimated energy savings of IR dry-peeling should be 22% and 28% compared to lye and steam peeling, respectively. The demonstration results showed that the IR dry-peeling technology could be a viable alternative to lye and steam peeling.

Kuson, Pramote

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