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    IoMT–Fog–Cloud-based AI frameworks for chronic disease diagnosis: updated comparative analysis with recent AI-IoMT models (2020–2025)
    (2026-01-01)
    Chronic diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease require frequent monitoring and timely clinical feedback to prevent complications. Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) systems increasingly combine near-patient sensing with Fog and Cloud computing so that time-critical preprocessing and inference can run close to the patient while compute-intensive training and population-level analytics remain in the Cloud. This review synthesizes primary studies published between 2020 and 2025 that implement AI-enabled IoMT, with an emphasis on systems that report both diagnostic performance and network quality-of-service (QoS). Following PRISMA 2020, we screened database records and included 14 primary studies; we focus the joint performance–QoS synthesis on six IoMT–Fog–Cloud frameworks for diabetes and cardiovascular disease and compare them with two recent multi-disease AI-IoMT models (DACL and TasLA). Diabetes-oriented implementations commonly report accuracy around 95%–96% using explainable or ensemble deep learning, whereas some cardiovascular frameworks report >99% accuracy in controlled settings; we therefore discuss plausible sources of optimistic performance, including small datasets, class imbalance, curated benchmarks, and potential leakage/overfitting in simulation-based evaluations. Across IoMT–Fog–Cloud studies, placing preprocessing and/or inference at the Fog layer repeatedly reduces end-to-end latency for streaming biosignals, but multi-Fog provisioning can increase energy and power demands. To support more reproducible comparisons, we organize 14 extracted metrics into (i) diagnostic performance (accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, sensitivity, specificity) and (ii) system/network QoS (latency, jitter, throughput, bandwidth utilization, processing/execution time, network usage, energy consumption, power consumption), and we translate the evidence into study-linked design recommendations for future deployments.
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    Item type:Publication,
    Impact of the Internet of Medical Things on Artificial Intelligence-enhanced medical imaging systems from 2019 to 2023
    (2025-01-01)
    This review addresses the disease diagnosis from brain, eye, and lung scan images based on non-invasive imaging technologies using the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems, a topic that has been neglected in the recent literature. Combining imaging modalities with IoMT and AI is expected to enhance both medical diagnoses and personalized treatment plans. We searched various scientific databases for details on IoMT and AI in medical imaging technologies from 2019 to 2023, focusing on different imaging modalities. We investigated the performance of AI-based algorithms in imaging modalities such as X-ray, Computed Tomography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Positron Emission Tomography, and Optical Coherence Tomography using the following metrics: accuracy, precision, recall, sensitivity, specificity, and F-1 score, and then analyzed their balanced performance in six issues: enhancement of medical image quality, improvement of clinical diagnoses, support for clinical decision-making, consideration of input data, time efficiency, and data management. Advanced understanding of the IoMT and AI applications in medical imaging technologies would help identify unexplored opportunities and provide directions for future research to enhance the clinical applicability.