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    Item type:Publication,
    Comparison Between Wet and Dry Transfer FE2O3-CNT Hybrid Thin Films as Room-Temperature Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Sensors
    (2023-12-01) ;
    Chaitongrat, Buaworn
    ;
    Yahud, Shuhaida
    ;
    Salleh, Ahmad Faizal
    FE<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>-CNT hybrid thin films are promising candidates for room-temperature gas sensors with high sensitivity, rapid response, and recovery times. In this work, we reported the suitable fabrication strategies of FE<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>-CNT hybrid thin films as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) sensors by comparing the dry (without using aqueous solutions) and wet processes. Fe-CNT hybrid thin films were used as the primary material for synthesizing FE<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>-CNT hybrid thin films, which were then annealed in air at 350oC to create α-FE<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>. Characterizations by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) confirmed the decoration of α-FE<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> nanoparticles on CNT surfaces. The transfer process had effects on the surface morphology and sensor characteristics. FE-SEM presents that the surface morphology of the wet-transfer FE<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>-CNT films was web-like structures with a highly porous morphology. Whereas the surface morphology of the dry-transferred FE<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>-CNT films was a branch-like structure. The I-V relationship of both annealed wet-and dry-films was non-linear indicating the present of n-type α-FE<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>. Under 5 vol.% of LPG, the wet-transferred FE<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>-CNT films have higher sensitivity (S = ~ 3% Tresp.= 10 s, trec.= 59s) compared to the dry-transferred FE<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>-CNT films (S = ~ 1.4%, Tresp.=90s, trec.= incomplete recovery). Moreover, the wet-transferred FE<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>-CNTs could detect LPG concentration at a lower value than 25% of LEL (Lower Explosive Limit) with rapid response and recovery time of 23 s and 49 s, respectively.
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    Item type:Publication,
    Impact of Dimethylformamide/Acetone Ratios and Stirring Time on Morphology and Electrical Properties of Electrospun PVDF Fibers
    (2025-01-01)
    Hakimi Bin Ismail, M. I.
    ;
    Syed Bakar, S. S.
    ;
    Yahud, S.
    ;
    This study examines the impact of Dimethylformamide, DMF/Acetone ratio (60/40, 70/30 and 100/0) and stirring time (16 hours and 24 hours) on Polyvinylidene Fluoride electrospun fibers. Total of six samples were prepared at 12% solution con-centration were electrospun at 20 kV, 10 cm tip-to-collector distance, and 1 mL/h flow rate. Morphological analysis showed that a 70/30 ratio produced finer fibers with fewer beads than 60/40 ratio, while prolonged stirring increased fiber diameter. Electrical analysis confirmed the lowest resistance and highest conductivity for these fibers. The 70/30 ratio and 16-hour stirring time technique optimized fiber structure and electrical performance for advanced applications.