Chuayboon, Srirat

Preferred name

Chuayboon, Srirat

Alternative Name

Chuayboon, S.

Main Affiliation

KMITL Prince of Chumphon Campus

srirat.ch@kmitl.ac.th

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Solar Carbo-Thermal and Methano-Thermal Reduction of MgO and ZnO for Metallic Powder and Syngas Production by Green Extractive Metallurgy
(2022-01-01)
Chuayboon, Srirat
;
Abanades, Stéphane
The solar carbo-thermal and methano-thermal reduction of both MgO and ZnO were performed in a flexible solar reactor operated at low pressure through both batch and continuous operations. The pyro-metallurgical process is an attractive sustainable pathway to convert and store concentrated solar energy into high-value metal commodities and fuels. Substituting fossil fuel combustion with solar energy when providing high-temperature process heat is a relevant option for green extractive metallurgy. In this study, a thermodynamic equilibrium analysis was first performed to compare the thermochemical reduction of MgO and ZnO with solid carbon or gaseous methane, and to determine the product distribution as a function of the operating conditions. The carbo-thermal and methano-thermal reduction of the MgO and ZnO volatile oxides was then experimentally assessed and compared using a directly irradiated cavity-type solar reactor under different operating conditions, varying the type of carbon-based reducing agent (either solid carbon or methane), temperature (in the range 765–1167<sup>◦</sup>C for ZnO and 991–1550<sup>◦</sup>C for MgO), total pressure (including both reduced 0.10–0.15 bar and atmospheric ~0.90 bar pressures), and processing mode (batch and continuous operations). The carbo-thermal and methano-thermal reduction reactions yielded gaseous metal species (Mg and Zn) which were recovered at the reactor outlet as fine and reactive metal powders. Reducing the total pressure favored the conversion of both MgO and ZnO and increased the yields of Mg and Zn. However, a decrease in the total pressure also promoted CO<inf>2</inf> production because of a shortened gas residence time, especially in the case of ZnO reduction, whereas CO<inf>2</inf> formation was negligible in the case of MgO reduction, whatever the conditions. Continuous reactant co-feeding (corresponding to the mixture of metal oxide and carbon or methane) was also performed during the solar reactor operation, revealing an increase in both gas production yields and reaction extent while increasing the reactant feeding rate. The type of carbon reducer influenced the reaction extent, since a higher conversion of both MgO and ZnO was reached when using carbon with a highly available specific surface area for the reactions. The continuous solar process yielded high-purity magnesium and zinc content in the solar-produced metallic powders, thus confirming the reliability, flexibility, and robustness of the solar reactor and demonstrating a promising solar metallurgical process for the clean conversion of both metal oxides and concentrated solar light to value-added chemicals.
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Thermochemical performance assessment of solar continuous methane-driven ZnO reduction for co-production of pure zinc and hydrogen-rich syngas
(2022-02-01)
Chuayboon, Srirat
;
Abanades, Stéphane
Converting renewable solar energy to dispatchable chemical products via solar-driven thermochemical processes is one of the best solutions for long-term solar energy storage and renewable fuel production. This study addresses the performance assessment of continuous methane-driven ZnO reduction, fully powered by renewable solar heat, for co-production of hydrogen-rich syngas and metallic Zn in a solar prototype consuming-bed chemical reactor. On-sun experiments were conducted under continuous ZnO and CH<inf>4</inf> co-feeding to assess the effect of key parameters (inlet CH<inf>4</inf>/ZnO molar ratio: 1–1.5, temperature: 900–1000 °C, and ZnO feeding rate: 0.5–1.5 g/min) in order to maximize syngas and Zn yields, and reactor performance metrics. As a result, a rise in either the CH<inf>4</inf>/ZnO molar ratio or temperature enhanced the reaction extent but favored solid carbon formation, which downgraded syngas products quality, and consumed more solar energy input. Increasing ZnO feeding rate under a constant ZnO/CH<inf>4</inf> molar ratio significantly promoted ZnO + CH<inf>4</inf> reaction performance thanks to both hastened ZnO consumption rate (boosting products yield) and reduced solar energy consumption (improving solar conversion efficiency). However, excessively high ZnO feeding rate caused temporal ZnO accumulation in the reactor. Optimal operating conditions for on-sun continuous methane-driven ZnO reduction were identified (at ZnO feeding rate = 1.2 g/min, CH<inf>4</inf>/ZnO molar ratio = 1.5, and temperature = 950 °C), yielding total syngas yield of 12.3 mmol/g<inf>ZnO</inf>, solid carbon formation down to 0.58 mmol/g<inf>ZnO</inf>, ZnO conversion of 63.0%, methane conversion of 10.6%, energy upgrade factor of 1.08, and solar-to-fuel energy conversion efficiency of 5.3%. High-purity Zn particles with hexagonal morphologies were generated in continuous mode, demonstrating the proposed approach feasibility and reliability for simultaneous methane conversion to syngas and metallic Zn production in a single process.
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Solar metallurgical process for high-purity Zn and syngas production using carbon or biomass feedstock in a flexible thermochemical reactor
(2023-05-05)
Chuayboon, Srirat
;
Abanades, Stéphane
Co-production of high-purity Zn and syngas via carbothermal reduction of ZnO was performed in a directly-irradiated concentrated solar reactor, thereby converting and storing intermittent sunlight into high-value chemical fuels and commodities. On-sun experiments were carried out by varying operating parameters including solid carbonaceous feedstocks (either solid carbon or beech wood biomass) in batch and continuous modes at 950–1350 °C, demonstrating solar reactor flexibility and robustness. Decreasing pressure (150–400 hPa) promoted both ZnO reduction rate and net ZnO conversion above 78%, thus enhancing Zn production yield. Nevertheless, CO selectivity decreased because of rising CO<inf>2</inf> due to the residence time decrease. A remarkable increase in gas production rates/yields, CO selectivity, and reaction extent was highlighted when increasing temperature during continuous pellets reactant injection. Furthermore, utilizing wood biomass as a sustainable green reducer was proved to be an attractive choice to produce both metallic Zn and high-quality syngas in a single process consisting of biomass gasification with solid ZnO. Zn content exceeding 90 wt% was demonstrated for both batch and continuous tests, unveiling high reactor performance for the metallurgical process. The energy content of the feedstock was upgraded by the solar power input (maximum energy upgrade factor up to 1.2), and the maximum solar-to-fuel energy conversion efficiency up to ∼ 6% was achieved with continuous reactant injection. The high-purity Zn can be further used to produce fuel via CO<inf>2</inf>-splitting in a complete and fast reaction.
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Green iron and syngas production via continuous solar-driven agricultural waste biomass gasification combined with iron(III) oxide reduction
(2024-10-15)
Chuayboon, Srirat
;
Abanades, Stéphane
The production of renewable synthetic fuels and chemicals from solar energy and agricultural waste biomass is considered. Solar thermochemical conversion processes offer a promising pathway to a sustainable fuel economy and green chemical industry. This study investigates the continuous solar-driven gasification of agricultural biomass (betel nut waste) combined with iron oxide (Fe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>) reduction to produce carbon-neutral syngas and green metallic iron in a single process. A thermodynamic analysis of the system was initially conducted to predict the distribution of equilibrium products. Then, on-sun continuous processing was experimentally carried out under different operating conditions, including betel/Fe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> molar ratios (0.56–1.5) and temperatures (900–1200 °C) to evaluate the process feasibility and reliability. As a result, solar gasification of betel nut waste combined with Fe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> reduction performed exceptionally well with continuous reactant particles feeding, demonstrating a feasible pathway for producing green iron and high-quality syngas. The maximum syngas yield reached 63.3 mmol/g<inf>dry_betel</inf>, approaching its theoretical value, and high-purity Fe was simultaneously produced. The process demonstrated high efficiency, with maximum carbon conversion approaching 98 %, energy upgrade factor up to 1.26, and solar-to-fuel energy conversion efficiency up to 14.4 %, highlighting remarkable conversion performance of biomass and solar energy to chemicals.
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Impact of biowaste reducers on continuous solar-driven hematite reduction for carbon–neutral co-production of iron and syngas
(2026-09-15)
Chuayboon, Srirat
;
Abanades, Stéphane
Green iron production using bio-reducers and solar energy offers a promising alternative pathway towards carbon–neutral metallurgy. However, the types of raw bio-reducers play an important role in hematite reduction performance. An experimental investigation of continuous hematite reduction with seven agricultural biowastes was conducted in a solar reactor to unravel the impact of bio-reducer types and shapes (pellets and particles) on conversion performance and efficiency at 900–1200 °C. As a result, the most promising biowaste reducers were betel nut, palm oil empty fruit bunch, and beech wood due to their high volatile and carbon content, followed by bagasse, coconut fiber, and particle board. Conversely, rice husk was found to be inappropriate because of low gasification activity due to high ash content. No significant impact of reactant shape between particles and pellets was observed, pointing out that the reactor can accommodate various biomass feedstocks. The syngas yield varied in the range of 23.2–56.9 mmol/g<inf>dry_biomass</inf>, and simultaneous high-purity iron production was confirmed by XRD and SEM/EDS. High process efficiency was demonstrated with maximum carbon conversion of 83.1%, oxygen conversion of 100%, and energy upgrade factor up to 1.00. The solar-to-fuel energy efficiency reached 13.2% at 1200 °C, highlighting the remarkable conversion performance of waste biomass and solar energy to clean syngas fuel and renewable iron.
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Chuayboon, Srirat

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