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    Antimicrobial film from jackfruit waste powder incorporating clove and ginger essential oils and its application in food packaging
    (2026-06-01)
    Nimitr, Ronakit
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    Eamsiriluck, Phutthipong
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    Purba, Daniel Tua
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    ;
    Krusong, Warawut
    Bioactive composite films were developed utilizing a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and jackfruit waste powder (JK PW) matrix, functionalized with either ginger (JK PW–GEO) or clove essential oil (JK PW–CEO). Structural characterization indicated that the essential oils were chemically anchored to the polymer matrix via intermolecular hydrogen bonding, facilitating the formation of a cohesive micro-composite architecture. These chemical interactions significantly enhanced thermal stability; notably, JK PW–GEO films exhibited superior thermal resistance (limiting mass loss to 9 % within the 180–260 °C range) compared to JK PW–CEO films (∼14 % loss). This stability is attributed to the robust retention of non-volatile gingerols within the hydrogen-bonded network, as confirmed by HS-GC–MS/MS analysis. Regarding functional bioactivity, distinct performance profiles were observed: JK PW–CEO films demonstrated exceptional antioxidant capacity (334.75 mg GAE/g; 90.62 % DPPH radical scavenging), whereas JK PW–GEO films exhibited broader antimicrobial efficacy, particularly against resistant bacterial strains such as Bacillus subtilis and Salmonella enterica . In practical application trials, both film formulations effectively extended the shelf life of bread and fresh poultry by mitigating microbial proliferation and suppressing spoilage odors. Sensory evaluation confirmed that the films maintained desirable olfactory profiles, thereby enhancing the perceived quality of the packaged products. Collectively, this study establishes that JK PW-based composites offer a sustainable avenue for active packaging, wherein ginger oil provides superior thermal and antimicrobial stability, while clove oil delivers potent antioxidant protection.
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    Development of Functional Fish Gelatin-Based Biomaterial Films Reinforced with Astaxanthin-Rich Oil Extracted from Penaeus Monodon Byproducts via Green NADES-Ultrasonication
    (2026-01-01)
    Purba, Daniel Tua
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    This study developed a functional bioactive film based on fish gelatin (FG) with astaxanthin-rich oil (Ax) extracted from black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) byproducts using natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) and ultrasond-assited extraction. The extracted oil showed high antioxidant activity (80.24% DPPH scavenging) and good oxidative stability (PV = 3.12 mEq/kg) within the GOED limit. Fish gelatin films with different Ax concentrations (0.25–1%) were characterized for color, transparency, moisture content, solubility, thickness, and mechanical properties. Results showed that Ax increased film thickness and mechanical properties while decreasing solubility and moisture content. Higher Ax levels similarly increased opacity and redness due to astaxanthin’s carotenoid pigments. FTIR analysis confirmed the molecular interaction between gelatin and Ax, especially hydrogen bonding and ester linkages. These results demonstrate that incorporating astaxanthin-rich oil into fish gelatin film can enhance its functional properties for use in bioactive packaging applications.
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    Sustainable oleogel encapsulation of tilapia fish oil using protein-based cryogels: fabrication, characterization, and digestion behavior
    (2025-09-18)
    Purba, Daniel Tua
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    Dave, Jaydeep
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    In this study, a novel cryogel-templated oleogel system was developed by incorporating sustainable tilapia fish oil (STFO-O) into hybrid protein-based cryogels composed of whey protein isolate (WPI), fish gelatin (FG), and tannic acid (TA) as a natural polyphenolic crosslinker. Unlike previous reports on single-phase cryogels or oleogels, this dual-network system synergistically combines the advantages of protein-polyphenol interactions and porous cryogel structures for improved encapsulation, stability, and targeted release of omega-3-rich oils. The tilapia visceral oil extracted using a green deep eutectic solvent-ultrasound-assisted method, exhibited high unsaturated fatty acid content (74.07%), including 31.72% polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and 8.47% omega-3 fatty acids, including α-linolenic acid (ALA), EPA, and DHA. The optimized WPI/FG 15 : 5-TA formulation showed excellent oil absorption (42.20 ± 0.20 g g<sup>−1</sup>) and holding capacity (96.80 ± 0.69%), with a peroxide value of only 2.95 ± 0.14 meq kg<sup>−1</sup> after 8 days at 30 °C, indicating enhanced oxidative stability. FTIR analysis confirmed hydrogen bonding and successful entrapment of oil within the protein matrix. In vitro digestion demonstrated a controlled release profile, with free fatty acid (FFA) release limited to 62.17 ± 2.76% after 120 minutes compared to 83.61 ± 1.42% in the WPI-only control. These results validate the WPI-FG-TA cryogel-oleogel system as a promising and sustainable platform for delivering omega-3-enriched fish oils in functional food and nutraceutical applications.